“…Such analyses are subject to `fake/non-prompt' lepton backgrounds, where either a hadron or a lepton from a hadron decay or an electron from a photon conversion satisfies the prompt-lepton selection criteria. …”
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“…In analyses using reconstructed $\tau$ leptons, estimation of backgrounds arising for jets misidentified as hadronically decaying $\tau$s becomes a crucial issue.This paper presents two methods employed by the ATLAS experiment at the LHC, the fully data-driven fake factor method and the semi-data-driven fake rate method. …”
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“…Multi-modal fake news detection aims to identify fake information through text and corresponding images. …”
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“…Hence, a robust system to differentiate between real and fake content has become crucial in this age of social media. …”
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“…Detecting COVID-19 fake news has become a critical task in the field of natural language processing (NLP). …”
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“…With the rapid growth of social networks and technology, knowing what news to believe and what not to believe become a challenge in this digital era. Fake news is defined as provably erroneous information transmitted intending to defraud. …”
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“…Concern over the impact of fake news on major socio-political events is growing. …”
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“…Analytical thinking safeguards us against believing or spreading fake news. In various forms, this common assumption has been reported, investigated, or implemented in fake news education programs. …”
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“…The proposed design exhibits intriguing optical properties, including dynamic fluorescent features, distinct fluorescent enhancement, and an anti-fake micropattern with a switchable structure color. …”
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“…Here we reported that when asking the Chinese to judge the Duchenne and non-Duchenne smiles as either real or fake, their accuracy and sensitivity were negatively correlated with their individualism scores but positively correlated with their collectivism scores. …”
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“…With the intent to study the behavior of some statistics under fake perturbation and data reconstruction processes, ad-hoc faking scenarios were implemented and tested. …”
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“…The meta-analytic finding that faking does not affect the criterion validity of self-report measures in applicant selection suggests cognitive abilities are crucial to fake personality to an expected optimal profile in self-report measures. …”
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“…So-called “fake news” has renewed concerns about the prevalence and effects of misinformation in political campaigns. …”
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“…The present study uses an indirect imitation task by asking participants to a fake a foreign accent in order to specifically target individual differences in phonetic abilities. …”
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“…Fake bus stops are one strategy to keep persons with dementia (PwD) from wandering. …”
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