“…The data was analysed to obtain the horizontal position error between Global Positioning System (GPS) position and ground truth derived from Real Time Kinematics (RTK), with considerations for (1) horizontal position uncertainty estimate (EPH) reported by the GPS receiver, (2) no. of visible satellites, and (3) percentage of sky visible (or sky openness ratio, SOR) at various altitudes along the flight paths inside the aforementioned urban environments. …”
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“…RESULTS: Among the technologies used for the patients including radio frequency identification (RFID), near field communication (NFC), ZigBee, Bluetooth, global positioning system (GPS), sensors, and cameras, the sensors were employed in 36 studies, most of which were switch and vital sign monitoring sensors. …”
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“…However, in indoor scenes, due to factors such as dark walls, the global positioning system cannot effectively locate, and the broadband and wired positioning technologies used indoors have problems such as base station laying and delay. …”
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“…A Global Positioning System (GPS) spoofing attack can be launched against any commercial GPS sensor in order to interfere with its navigation capabilities. …”
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“…However, the time synchronization signals based on the global-positioning-system (GPS), or global-navigation-satellite-system, are sometimes unavailable or only partially available in indoor, underground and underwater environments. …”
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“…Massive real-time Global Positioning System (GPS) data provides new data for road congestion charging. …”
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“…Thirty professional male soccer players belonging to a Spanish First Division team were analysed using global positioning system devices (GPEXE Pro 18.18 Hz) during training and competition (n = 36 training weeks and n = 41 matches). …”
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“…The interest arises from both theoretical and practical concerns about providing accurate information about the current and past position of systems involved in the logistics chain, based on specialized sensors and Global Positioning System (GPS). The localization demands are more challenging as the need to monitor the autonomous robot’s ongoing activities is more stringent indoors and benefit from accurate motion response, which requires calibration. …”
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“…The spatial monitoring of working personnel is achieved by employing a tracker device with an Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) and a Global Positioning System (GPS) device. Accesses of personnel and gear to the site are registered using Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) tags equipped with protective gear. …”
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“…However, the majority of them works just for outdoor positioning and routing, due to their architecture based upon Global Positioning System signals. Real-Time Positioning System intended to provide position estimation inside buildings is known as Indoor Positioning System (IPS). …”
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“…Moreover, the latitude/longitude values of the user are captured and uploaded to the IoT platform for effective tracking via global positioning system (GPS)/global system for mobile communication (GSM) modules, which enable the live location of the user/stick to be monitored on the IoT dashboard. …”
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“…To directly compare five commonly used on-field systems (motorized linear encoder, laser, radar, global positioning system, and timing gates) during sprint acceleration to (i) measure velocity–time data, (ii) compute the main associated force–velocity variables, and (iii) assess their respective inter-trial reliability. …”
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“…OBJECTIVE: We used global positioning system (GPS) derived indicators and ecological momentary assessment (EMA) to assess real-time relationships between life-space, mood, and social interactions among older adults with and without HIV. …”
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“…The external load was measured by the global positioning system (GPS) and the internal workload was assessed by the ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) multiplied by the duration of the match. …”
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“…However, there are some environments where the Global Positioning System (GPS) is unavailable or has the problem of GPS signal outages, such as indoor and bridge inspections. …”
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“…We evaluated effects of sex, age and Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae infection status at capture on intermountain movements and seasonal movement rates observed in desert bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis nelsoni) using global positioning system collar data from 135 individuals (27 males, 108 females) in 14 populations between 2013 and 2018, following a pneumonia outbreak linked to the pathogen M. ovipneumoniae in the Mojave Desert, California, USA. …”
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“…All sequence data, alignments, and associated metadata (voucher specimen number, species identification, type locality status, global positioning system [GPS] coordinates, elevation, site with species list, and lifestyle) as well as the code to produce all analyses and figures are provided.…”
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“…Detailed descriptions are given of the design principles of the rubidium, cesium, hydrogen maser, and mercury ion standards; the revolutionary changes that the advent of the laser has made possible, such as laser cooling, optical pumping, the formation of "optical molasses," and the cesium "fountain" standard; and the time-based global navigation systems, Loran-C and the Global Positioning System. Also included are topics that bear on the precision and absolute accuracy of standards, such as noise, resonance line shape, the relativistic Doppler effect as well as more general relativistic notions of time relevant to synchronization of remote clocks, and time reversal symmetry. …”
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“…To characterize them, we use a three-dimensional radio wave propagation model—“Satellite-beacon Ionospheric scintillation Global Model of upper Atmosphere” (SIGMA), along with the scintillation measurements observed by a cluster of six Global Positioning System (GPS) receivers called Scintillation Auroral GPS Array (SAGA) at Poker Flat, AK. …”
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“…Moreover, the global positioning system (GPS) is used for the positioning of autonomous vehicles (AV). …”
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