“…Dyschromatosis symmetrica hereditaria (DSH) is a rare genodermatosis characterized by various sizes of both hyper- and hypopigmented macules arranged in reticulated patterns on the face and the dorsal aspects of the extremities. …”
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“…Lichen planus pigmentosus (LPP), an uncommon variant of lichen planus (LP), is characterized by diffuse hyperpigmented dark brown macules in sun-exposed areas. We report an unusual case of LPP with a blaschkoid distribution in an area of radiotherapy for breast cancer. …”
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“…It is generally asymptomatic and often occurs in the lower limbs, presenting as erythematous brownish, coppery or golden macules and/or papules. The diagnosis is based on clinical and histopathological findings. …”
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“…We report an HIV-positive 34-year-old man who had multiple purplish-black plaques on his extremities and several small violaceous macules on the glans and shaft of the penis. Kaposi's sarcoma was diagnosed by histopathology.…”
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“…A 48-year-old woman presented with a 3 mm, pigmented macule at her first visit to our clinic. The macule, which showed complete symmetry and a typical network, was tentatively diagnosed as a Clark nevus; a 6-month follow-up was recommended, and the patient returned 7 months later. …”
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“…Classic clinical characteristics include asymptomatic scaly hyperpigmented macules, patches, and papules in the trunk's confluent and reticular pattern. …”
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“…McCune–Albright syndrome (MAS) comprises a triad of fibrous dysplasia of bone, café-au-lait macule, and endocrinopathy. The disease is due to activating mutation of G protein-coupled receptor leading to hyperfunction of glands. …”
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“…Localized cases have been described regarding the use of topical medications, and trauma with objects containing this metal such as acupuncture needles and jewelry. Clinically, a macule or a patch, round or oval, appears in the infected area, with a characteristic bluey-gray color. …”
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“…After birth, multiple cardiac mass, subependymal cysts and hypopigmented macules were detected. To our knowledge, this is the first case report of early onset of TSC with chylous ascites in Iran.…”
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“…Xylocopa (Koptortosoma) sarawatica Engel, sp. n. is a relatively small species similar to the widespread X. pubescens Spinola, but differs in the extent of maculation in males, setal coloration of both sexes, and male terminalia. …”
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“…Lentigines are brown macules which develop due to increased proliferation of melanocytes at the dermo‐epidermal junction. …”
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“…Lucius phenomenon is a rare leprosy reaction characterized by erythematous, painful, slightly infiltrated macules and hemorrhagic bullae that progress to ulceration. …”
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“…The patients presented with unilateral linear brown macules on the extremities. Skin biopsy showed orthokeratosis, basal hydropic degeneration with scarce lymphohistiocytic infiltrates, and numerous melanophages in both patients. …”
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“…They are very similar in maculation, but can be differentiated by genitalic characters and barcodes. …”
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“…It is usually characterized by widespread hyper/hypopigmented macules all over the body. Here, we report the case of a patient from Iran who presented with disseminated hyper and hypopigmented lesions over the trunk, neck, and extremities since the age of eight. …”
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“…The primary skin lesions identified at diagnosis were violaceous macules (45%) and violaceous papules (25%). Visceral involvement was seen in 62.7%, mainly affecting the stomach (75%). …”
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“…The nevus usually consists of a circumscribed, unilateral, irregularly shaped hyperpigmented macule, commonly occurring around the anterior upper trunk, with/without hypertrichosis and/or acneiform lesions. …”
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“…Although hemorrhagic telangiectasia causes erythematous macules on the extremities, these macules are usually painless. …”
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“…The most frequent cutaneous findings in TSC include multiple angiofibromas, hypopigmented macules, periungual fibromas, and shagreen patch. …”
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“…Leprosy skin lesions are described as hypochromic or erythematous macules, pale erythematous or reddish-brown plaques, papules, nodules, and diffuse cutaneous infiltration, depending on the clinical form of the disease. …”
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