“…Similarly, stress response proteins such as catalase and glutathione S-transferase (antioxidants), proline-rich precursor protein (osmolyte), and NADP-dependent malic enzyme (linked to ABA signaling) were increased under salt stress. …”
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“…Total acids were higher in the juice from the field vines. Yet, CT lowered malic and tartaric acids. Def increased tartaric acid. …”
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“…Sweeteners (rebaudioside A) and flavoring agents (malic acid and fumaric acid) were found the most under declared additives. …”
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“…The aim of this work is a comprehensive study of UAE of bioactive components from C. angustifolium using NADESs based on choline chloride and malonic, malic, tartaric, and citric acids. The antioxidative properties, total phenols, and flavonoids content were estimated for NADES-based extracts. …”
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“…Citric acid was the dominant organic acid, followed by malic acid and ascorbic acid. Moro showed the greatest levels of antioxidant activity. …”
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“…Additionally, transcriptional analysis was conducted by RT-qPCR and our findings indicated that the deletion of ada activated the committed steps of lipid biosynthesis involved in acetyl-CoA carboxylase (acc1 gene), cytosolic malic acid enzyme (cme1 gene), and fatty acid synthases (fas1 gene), while it suppressed the expression of AMP-activated protein kinase (ampk α1 and ampk β genes), which plays a role in lipolysis, whereas the ada-overexpressed strain displayed reverse trends. …”
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“…Based on the literature review, we described the pathway diagrams of sugar metabolism, organic acid metabolism, mainly malic acid, tartaric acid, and citric acid metabolism, and of the response to drought stress. …”
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“…SpA patients showed higher levels of glucose, succinic acid, malic acid and lactate in carbohydrate metabolism, higher glycerol levels and lower fatty acid (especially unsaturated fatty acid) levels in lipid metabolism, and lower levels of tryptophan and glutamine in amino acid metabolism than healthy controls. …”
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“…Treatments with ethylene antagonist also maintained fruit firmness (up to 1.12 times), titratable acidity (up to 1.08 times), malic acid (up to 1.23 times), ascorbic acid (up to 1.12 times) and total phenol levels (up to 1.19 times) higher compared to that in control fruit. …”
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“…In myoblasts, celecoxib significantly reduced mitochondrial membrane potential and respiration, as evidenced by the decreased citric acid cycle (CAC) intermediates cis‐aconitic acid, alpha‐keto‐glutarate acid, succinate acid, and malic acid. Similar results were observed in myotubes, although celecoxib also reduced pyruvic acid, citric acid, and fumaric acid. …”
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“…The results showed that T. belangeri in warm areas (TC) reduced the concentrations of energy metabolites in the liver, such as pyruvic acid, fructose 6-phosphate, citric acid, malic acid, fumaric acid etc., so their energy metabolism intensity was also reduced, indicating that important energy metabolism pathway of glycolysis and tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA) pathway reduced in T. belangeri from warmer habitat. …”
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“…Together with several other metabolites with relatively high levels in fermented milk such as glyceric acid, malic acid, succinic acid, glycine, alanine, ribose, and 1,3-dihydroxyacetone, they might play important roles in the probiotic function of L. plantarum K25. …”
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“…METHODS AND MATERIALS: Sixty bovine teeth were selected, decoronated and randomly distributed into six groups (n=10), according to the irrigation solution: 0.9% saline solution (Control); 2% chlorhexidine (CHX); 5% malic acid (MA); 0.5% ethanolic extract of brown propolis (BP); 0.25% ethanolic extract of green propolis (GP); 2.5% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl). …”
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“…Variation in litchi pulps’ acidity is mainly associated with significant differences in malate and citrate metabolisms during fruit development. Malic acid content decreased by 91.43% and 72.28% during fruit ripening in HZ and B8, respectively. …”
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“…Moreover, Si alleviated Cd toxicity by: (i) increasing chlorophyll contents, (ii) improving antioxidant enzymes, (iii) enhancing cell wall components (lignin, cellulose, hemicellulose and pectin), (iv) raising the secretion of organic acids (oxalic acid, tartaric acid and L-malic acid). The RT-PCR analysis of genes that involved in Cd detoxification showed that the expression of SaNramp3, SaNramp6, SaHMA2 and SaHMA4 in roots were significantly decreased by 11.46-28.23%, 6.61-65.19%, 38.47-80.87%, 44.80-69.85% and 33.96-71.70% in the Si treatments, while Si significantly increased the expression of SaCAD. …”
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“…The results showed that a combination of 8.5 g/100 mL skimmed milk powder, 14.5 g/100 mL yeast extract powder, and 6.0 g/100 mL sodium hydrogen glutamate offered better protection; with this lyoprotectant, there were (4.36 ± 0.34) × 10(11) CFU/g cells after freeze-drying, and it showed an excellent ability to degrade L-malic acid and could successfully finish MLF. In addition, in terms of aroma and wine safety, compared with Oeno1, the quantity and complexity of volatile compounds were increased after MLF, and biogenic amines and ethyl carbamate were produced less during MLF. …”
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“…The result showed that the TPC, TFC, protease activity, and phenolic components such as arbutin, protocatechuic acid, malic acid, and acetic acid showed a rising trend during the simulated gastric digestion in ‘Xuehua’ pear ferment, and these components might contribute to the increasing of ·OH-RSA and total reducing capacity. …”
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“…The solute content of the arils (anthocyanins, sugars, and organic acids, in particular citric acid), showed high correlations with CI sensitivity, with Pearson correlations (r) of 0.56 for total soluble solids, 0.87 for total acidity, 0.94 for anthocyanins, −0.94 for oxalic acid, 0.87 for citric acid, 0.62 for tartaric acid, −0.91 for malic acid, 0.8 for sucrose, and 0.71 for glucose, which can leak to the inner surface of the peel causing browning reactions. …”
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“…Triterpene saponins were successfully extracted from all tested NADES, with the highest efficiency (both in terms of the numbers and recoveries of individual analytes) achieved using a 1:1 mixture of choline chloride and malic acid, as well as a 1:3 mixture of choline chloride and lactic acid. …”
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“…Chemotactic responses to malic and citric acids (the most important root exudates found in different plant species) at low concentrations varied substantially among the rhizobacterial isolates (63 species). …”
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