“…Cyanine-5 (Cy5) is a fluorescent dye active in the far-red region of the visible spectrum (λ(ex) = 646 nm, λ(em) = 662 nm) [1]. While Cy5 displays fluorescence in its oxidized form, it can be readily converted to its non-fluorescent hydrocyanine equivalent (H-Cy5) when exposed to reducing agents. …”
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“…Nanobiotechnology is a fast growing field in which instruments are created by nano size particles of approximately 1 to 100 nm (1 to 100 nm) of the scale of nanometers. Nanoparticles today have potential implications for life sciences and human health applications. …”
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“…However, naïve gradient-based training and updating methods on memristors impede applications due to intrinsic material properties. Here, we built a 39 nm 1 Gb phase change memory (PCM) memristor array and quantified the unique resistance drift effect. …”
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“…The spectral bandwidth (full width at half maximum, FWHM) of the signal and idler vortex outputs were measured to be Δλ(s) ~ 1.3 nm (~ 5.5 cm(−1)) and Δλ(i) ~ 1.7 nm (~ 1.4 cm(−1)), respectively.…”
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“…Our main observations are: (i) metastatic VM-M3 cancer cells massively ingest melanin nanoparticles (mNPs); (ii) the observed ingestion is enhanced by coating mNPs with glucose; (iii) after a certain level of mNP ingestion, the metastatic cancer cells studied here are observed to die—glucose coating appears to slow that process; (iv) cells that accumulate mNPs are much more susceptible to killing by laser illumination than cells that do not accumulate mNPs; and (v) non-metastatic VM-NM1 cancer cells also studied in this work do not ingest the mNPs, and remain unaffected after receiving identical optical energy levels and doses. …”
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“…The aldehyde functionalized nanoparticles have an average size of 7.5 nm ± 1.8 and saturation magnetizations of 31.8 emu g(−1) with near-closed magnetization loops, confirming their superparamagnetic properties. …”
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“…Stem cells such as mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) secrete extracellular vesicles (EVs), circular membrane fragments (30 nm−1 μm) that are shed from the cell surface, carrying several therapeutic molecules such as proteins and microRNAs. …”
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“…It was found that as the water content increased from 15 to 30%, the wall thickness, length, and inner diameter of the NTs increase from 5.9 to 15.8 nm, 1.56 to 3.21 µm, and 59 to 84 nm, respectively. …”
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“…The Sb(2)S(3)/TiO(2) photo-anode significantly shifted the absorption edge from 395 nm (3.10 eV) to 650 nm (1.90 eV). Furthermore, the Sb(2)S(3)/TiO(2) photo-anode generated a photo-anodic current under visible light irradiation below 650 nm due to the photo-electrochemical action compared with the TiO(2) photo-anode at 390 nm. …”
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“…We show that, during cell activation at physiological SL, titin in the I-band switches from an SL-dependent extensible spring (OFF-state) to an SL-independent rectifier (ON-state) that allows free shortening while resisting stretch with an effective stiffness of ~3 pN nm(−1) per half-thick filament. In this way, I-band titin efficiently transmits any load increase to the myosin filament in the A-band. …”
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“…The absorption spectrum of CDOM (A(CDOM)(λ), unitless) can be described by an exponential function that decays with increasing wavelength: A(CDOM)(λ) = 100 d DOC A(o) e(−) (S) (λ), where d [m] is water depth, DOC [mg(C) L(−1)] is dissolved organic carbon, A(o) [L mg(C)(−1) cm(−1)] is a pre-exponential factor, and S [nm(−1)] is the spectral slope. Sunlight absorption by CDOM is higher when A(o) and DOC are higher and S is lower, and vice versa. …”
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“…The optimal spatial resolution of ∼ 100 nm (Sampling volume of 5 nm × 1.5 μm(2)) for sulfur isotopic analysis can be implemented with an analytical precision of ∼1‰ (1SD). …”
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“…While Gram-positive bacteria by 0.13 J/cm(2) with NIR-H (200.36 µW/cm(2)/nm), 1, 2, or 4 J/cm(2) with flash pasteurization (FP) during 1.5 or 3 s, and 2 J/cm(2) with FP for 0.75 s (58.89–67.77%). …”
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“…The injection energies of positrons varied from 1.3 to 10 keV to adjust the injection depth (range) into the polymers (40 nm–1.6 μm). For the pristine films, the lifetime of ortho-positronium (o-Ps, τ(3)) was longer in the order of PS, PP, and PE regardless of the injection energy of positrons, showing the different sizes of free-volume holes with radii of 0.29, 0.31, and 0.32 nm, respectively. …”
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“…This implies the presence of gene flow (Nm > 1) and weak geographical structure of accessions. …”
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“…The rate of oxygen consumption per unit of recruited muscle ([Formula: see text]) was similar in dynamic and isometric exercise (346 ± 162 versus 307 ± 198 ml • kg(-1 )• min(-1); p = 0.352), but the [Formula: see text] calculated relative to initial knee extensor torque was significantly greater during dynamic exercise 5.1 ± 1.5 versus 3.6 ± 1.6 ml • kg(-1 )• Nm(-1 )• min(-1 )(p = 0.019). CONCLUSION: These results are consistent with the view that oxygen cost of dynamic and isometric actions is determined by different circumstances of mechanical interaction between actin and myosin in the sarcomere, and that muscle recruitment has only a minor role.…”
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“…Upon the addition of cell culture media or injection into a physiological environment, the peptide component of PuraMatrix rapidly self assembles into a 3D hydrogel that exhibits a nanometer scale fibrous structure with an average pore size of 5-200 nm(1). In addition, we demonstrate how to propagate cultures grown in encapsulated PuraMatrix. …”
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“…The typical heights of the monomeric AdR, Ad and CYP11A1 images were measured by AFM and were found to correspond to the sizes 1.6 ± 0.2 nm, 1.0 ± 0.2 nm and 1.8 ± 0.2 nm, respectively. …”
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“…The populations in the western group had lower genetic diversity, higher genetic differentiation and lower gene flow (F (ST) = 0.116, Nm = 1.89) than those in the eastern group (F (ST) = 0.049, Nm = 4.91). …”
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“…The limited gene flow (Nm = 1.794) was inferred as a major reason for the extent of genetic differentiation of P. eryngii var. tuoliensis. …”
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