“…However, the history of efforts to deploy this system commercially in a number of countries over the last six decades has been one of economic and technical failure and, in some cases, was used to mask clandestine nuclear weapon development programs. Covering topics of significant public interest including nuclear safety, fuel storage, environmental impact and the spectre of nuclear terrorism, this book presents a comprehensive analysis of the issue for nuclear engineers, policy analysts, government officials and the general public. .…”
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“…In 1985, Britain’s chief group of medical anti-nuclear weapons activists, the Medical Campaign Against Nuclear Weapons (MCANW), launched its ‘Treatment, Not Trident’ (TNT) campaign. …”
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“…Tumor cell exosomes contain PD-L1, which is a nuclear weapon for tumor growth, metastasis, and immunosuppression. …”
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“…In addition, they may be called on to function as part of a radiologic emergency response team to care for potentially exposed persons following radiation events, for example, detonation of a nuclear weapon, nuclear power plant accidents, and transportation incidents. …”
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“…The AHF would be used to better understand the evolution of nuclear weapon primary implosion shape under normal and accident scenarios. …”
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“…In cal AD 1963 (±5), greatly elevated dust deposition and an increase in REE serve to show that the geochemistry of elements in the peat can be evidence of nuclear weapon testing; such constituted an enormous force blowing soil dust into the atmosphere. …”
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“…In this work, an effort has been made, for the first time, to develop an approach to investigate the possibility of photon-induced fission in U-238 tamper used in Trinity Test nuclear weapon. GEF nuclear reaction code, version 2018/1.1 is used to calculate the prompt γ-spectrum from the fast fission of Pu-239 core of the device. …”
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“…The main source of (137)Cs and (90)Sr and total beta activity in the surface air of Rovaniemi in 1965–2011 has been intense atmospheric nuclear weapon testing in 1950s–1960s and later tests performed in 1965–1980, as well as leakages from underground nuclear tests in Semipalatinsk, 1966, and Novaya Zemlya, 1987. …”
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“…With increasing in application of U in nuclear energy and nuclear weapon, a large amount of U was dissipated into the environment including soil and water. …”
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“…Underground nuclear weapon testing produces radionuclide gases which may seep to the surface. …”
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“…The radioactivity of (137)Cs and (241)Am were present at a higher level in the layer related to Chernobyl (1986) accident and nuclear weapon test (1950/1960). The distribution of natural radionuclides was quite similar in all reservoirs. …”
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“…The observed temporal changes of the ratios were likely caused by the upper-stratospheric input of nuclear debris from high-yield atmospheric nuclear weapon testing during 1961–62, followed by its downward transport to the troposphere.…”
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“…Global nuclear weapon testing and the Chernobyl accident have released large amounts of radionuclides into the environment. …”
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“…How likely is it that someone would approve of using a nuclear weapon to kill millions of enemy civilians in the hope of ending a ground war that threatens thousands of American troops? …”
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“…Second, ‘bomb’ (14)C produced by atmospheric nuclear weapon tests in the mid-twentieth century provided a global isotope tracer that is used to constrain rates of air–sea gas exchange, carbon turnover, large-scale atmospheric and ocean transport, and other key C cycle processes. …”
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“…However, (90)Sr contamination was not confirmed in all samples although detectable amounts of (90)Sr can be expected in Japanese soils, as a background, stemming from global fallout due to the atmospheric nuclear weapon tests. Correlation analysis between (90)Sr and (137)Cs activity concentrations provides a potentially powerful tool to discriminate background (90)Sr level from its Fukushima contribution.…”
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“…One such potential crisis is the continued spread of nuclear weapons to more nations concurrent with the increased volatility of international relations that has significantly escalated the risk of a major nuclear weapon exchange. …”
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“…However, since artificial tritium input to the atmosphere due to nuclear-weapon tests masked the expected variations of tritium production rate by three orders of magnitude, the natural variation of tritium in meteoric precipitation has not previously been detected. …”
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“…[Image: see text] During the global nuclear weapon tests, large amounts of radioactive elements are released into the environment. …”
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“…Radiation is the best-established risk factor and there has been concern that recent rises in incidence might be related to fallout radiation from atmospheric nuclear weapon tests. We examined thyroid cancer time trends and geographical distribution in England and Wales and possible interpretations of these. …”
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