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  1. 1421
    “…Anxiety often leads to avoidant behaviors which upon repetition may become habitual, maladaptive and resistant to extinction as observed in obsessive compulsive disorders (OCD). Psychophysical models of OCD propose that anxiety (amygdala) and habits (dorsolateral striatum, DLS) may be causally linked. …”
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    Amelioration of obsessive-compulsive disorder in three mouse models treated with one epigenetic drug: unraveling the underlying mechanism
  2. 1422
    “…In this review, we questioned the relation of TTM to tic disorder and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). METHOD: We reviewed relevant MEDLINE-indexed articles on clinical, neuropsychological, neurobiological, and therapeutic aspects of trichotillomania, OCD, and tic disorders. …”
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    Trichotillomania is more related to Tourette disorder than to obsessive-compulsive disorder
  3. 1423
    “…Stress might exaggerate the compulsion and impair the working memory of patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). This study evaluated the effect of stress on the cognitive neural processing of working memory in OCD and its clinical significance using a “number calculation working memory” task. …”
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    Distinct Effects of Social Stress on Working Memory in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
  4. 1424
    “…BACKGROUND: The amygdala is known to be involved in anxiety processing, but its role in the psychopathology of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is still unclear. AIMS: In this MRI study we investigated potential alterations in structural and functional connectivity of the amygdala in 42 adult patients with OCD and 37 healthy subjects. …”
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    Functional and structural connectivity of the amygdala in obsessive-compulsive disorder
  5. 1425
    “…Traumatic occipitocervical dislocation (OCD) is described in the literature as a potentially fatal injury secondary to high-energy trauma. …”
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    Occipitocervical Dislocation in Low-Energy Trauma
  6. 1426
    “…Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a debilitating disorder with an approximate lifetime prevalence of 1–3%. …”
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    Protocol for Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation for Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
  7. 1427
    “…Here we describe a case of a patient with refractory OCD treated with psilocybin and followed prospectively for a year, with marked symptomatic improvement. …”
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    Single-dose psilocybin for treatment-resistant obsessive-compulsive disorder: A case report
  8. 1428
    “…In the current paper, we propose a novel model that integrates elements from cognitive behavioral models of OCD with neurocognitive approaches to the disorder. …”
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    An Integrative Model for Understanding Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: Merging Cognitive Behavioral Theory with Insights from Clinical Neuroscience
  9. 1429
    “…The scenario is then used to illustrate the severity of disability and the rates of self-harm and suicide-related mortality caused by OCD. The recognition and assessment of OCD is described, along with what helps in emergency situations. …”
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    When self-harm is about preventing harm: emergency management of obsessive–compulsive disorder and associated self-harm
  10. 1430
    “…Exacerbation of symptoms of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) during COVID-19 or new onset of the OCD symptoms resulting from COVID-19 infection is an understudied area of research. …”
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    Modulating neuroinflammation in COVID-19 patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder
  11. 1431
    “…Impulsivity is a multidimensional, cross-diagnostic behavioural construct that has been described in various psychiatric disorders including obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and Tourette syndrome (TS). Different interpretations of results in the past have raised the question of heightened impulsivity as an explanatory model for self-described impulsive behaviour, especially in OCD. …”
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    Impulsivity and Attention in Obsessive Compulsive and Tic Disorders: Mismatch in Self-Report and Behavioural Data
  12. 1432
    “…Eight recommended DBS as a last-line option in the management of OCD, whilst the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) recommended DBS should be used for research purposes only in OCD. …”
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    A Systematic Review of Clinical Practice Guidelines on the Use of Deep Brain Stimulation for Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
  13. 1433
    “…METHOD: 20 patients with OCD underwent a comprehensive neuropsychological battery. …”
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    Brain microstructural changes and cognitive correlates in patients with pure obsessive compulsive disorder
  14. 1434
    “…OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to investigate obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) in children with early stages of CKD, and to compare it with the occurrence of OCD in healthy children. …”
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    Obsessive Compulsive Inventory-Child Version (OCV-CI) to Evaluate Obsessive Compulsive Disorder in Children With Early Stages of Chronic Kidney Disease: A Case Control Study
  15. 1435
    “…The purpose of this study was to determine (1) the radiographic healing rates, (2) midterm clinical outcomes, and (3) comparison between healed and unhealed OCD fragments after use of headless metal compression screws for the treatment of unstable OCD lesions in the knees of skeletally mature patients. …”
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    Internal Fixation of Unstable Osteochondritis Dissecans in the Skeletally Mature Knee with Metal Screws
  16. 1436
    “…BACKGROUND: Capitellar osteochondritis dissecans (OCD) is commonly managed surgically in symptomatic adolesent throwers and gymnasts. …”
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    Return to Sport After Operative Management of Osteochondritis Dissecans of the Capitellum: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
  17. 1437
    “…OBJECTIVES: Osteochondritis dissecans (OCD) is a disorder of subchondral bone that commonly affects the knee.The purpose of this study is to (1) evaluate the rate of arthritis and knee arthroplasty in a population-based cohort of patients with OCD lesions treated non-operatively and (2) evaluate factors that may predispose patients to knee osteoarthritis and arthroplasty. …”
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    Nonoperative Management of Osteochondritis Dissecans: Progression to Osteoarthritis and Arthroplasty over a 35-Year Period in a Geographic Population
  18. 1438
    “…BACKGROUND: Recent studies have examined radiographic factors associated with healing of osteochondritis dissecans (OCD) lesions of the knee. However, there is still no gold standard in determining the healing status of an OCD lesion. …”
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    A Radiographic Healing Classification for Osteochondritis Dissecans of the Knee Provides Good Interobserver Reliability
  19. 1439
    “…There was no direct association between MS-related disability and OCD. However, pwMS with SAD were more likely to have concomitant OCD (t=4.68, p-value <0.001, 95% CI: 0.47-1.16). …”
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    Social Anxiety and Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Are Common Among Persons With Multiple Sclerosis at King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh
  20. 1440
    “…Backgrounds: Schizophrenia (SCZ) and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) are classified as two chronic psychiatric disorders with high comorbidity rate and shared clinical symptoms. …”
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    Altered Resting-State Brain Activity in Schizophrenia and Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Compared With Non-psychiatric Controls: Commonalities and Distinctions Across Disorders
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