“…BACKGROUND: Food allergy (FA) is a growing health problem requiring physiologic confirmation via the oral food challenge (OFC). Many OFCs result in clinical anaphylaxis, causing discomfort and risk while limiting OFC utility. …”
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“…However, compared to vehicle treated rats of the IL group, performance of vehicle treated rats of the lOFC group was impaired, possibly due to cannulation/infusion-related damage of the lOFC affecting decision-making. …”
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“…The anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) play important roles in risk/reward decision-making. …”
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“…For amygdala–ACC connectivity, externalizing behavior at baseline primarily drove this association, whereas for amygdala–OFC functional connectivity, change in externalizing behavior relative to baseline drove the main effect of externalizing behavior on amygdala–OFC functional connectivity. …”
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“…Across all ROIs, compared to the NC group, both SZ and OCD groups showed reduced activity in 7 ROIs, including left FPC, bilateral OFC, IFG and TG, while SZ showed lower activity in the right OFC than OCD group, which were almost consistent with the results based on channels. …”
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“…The pro-inflammatory cytokine factors at a concentration of 200 μg/mL were LPS-stimulated TNF-α (OFC 72.33 ng/mL, OF 66.78 ng/mL) and IL-1β (OFC 49.10 pg/mL, OF 34.45 pg/mL), both of which significantly decreased OF (p < 0.01, p < 0.001). …”
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“…Our results show that stimulation of the OFC reduces DD, independently from electrode configuration. …”
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“…The orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) and hippocampus (HC) are both implicated in forming the cognitive or task maps that support flexible behavior. …”
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“…Although the lateral orbital frontal cortex (OFC) has been consistently implicated in reversal learning, it is still unclear whether this region is involved in negative feedback processing, behavioral control, or both, and whether reward and punishment might have different effects on lateral OFC involvement. …”
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“…Oral food challenge (OFC) is the gold-standard to diagnose food allergy; however, it is a labour and resource-intensive procedure with the risk of causing an acute allergic reaction, which is potentially severe. …”
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“…Additionally, the OFC was more active while processing distractors than targets. …”
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“…Empirical research links human orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) to the evaluation of outcomes during decision making and the representation of alternative (better) outcomes after failures. …”
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“…Neuroimaging studies in humans have recently shown that the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) mediate bias in the judgment of forthcoming events. …”
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“…This study examined how the medial frontal (MFC) and orbital frontal (OFC) cortices process reward information. We simultaneously recorded local field potentials in the two areas as rats consumed liquid sucrose rewards. …”
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“…However, network-level interactions between ACC and OFC in flexible learning remain unclear. We investigated the learning of stimulus–reward associations using a combination of simultaneous in vivo electrophysiology in dorsal ACC and ventral OFC, partnered with bilateral inhibitory DREADDs in ACC. …”
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“…Although the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) is known to regulate risk-taking more generally and be critical to the development of addiction, its role in regulating drug use under risk-taking conditions is unknown. …”
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“…METHODS: The subjects were 53 patients with FPIES (44 with hen’s egg allergy, 4 with milk allergy, 4 with wheat allergy, and 3 with soy allergy), who collectively underwent a total of 75 oral food challenges (OFCs). Procalcitonin levels at 5 hours after antigen ingestion were compared between patients with a positive OFC result and those with a negative OFC result and between patients who experienced mild or moderate events and those who experienced severe events. …”
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“…Although the lesions of patients with impaired social behaviour encompass both orbitofrontal and anterior cingulate cortex (OFC and ACC), attempts to model such impairments in animals have focused on the OFC. …”
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“…An important outstanding question is whether the antOFC and vlPFC act on common or distinct downstream targets to regulate negative emotion. …”
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“…We record medial OFC (mOFC) single neuron activity in awake-behaving monkeys during a reward-guided lottery task. mOFC neurons signal the relative values of options via a divisive normalization function when animals freely choose between alternatives. …”
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