“…Alzheimer’s disease is marked by brain damage from tau and amyloid aggregates, particularly to the hippocampus and the default network. A new study in PLOS Biology shows sex differences in the patterns of damage and in their association with risk and protective factors.…”
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“…A new meta-analysis in PLOS Biology shows that females, like males, tend to have a positive relationship between the number of mates and their reproductive output. …”
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“…An exciting new report in PLOS Biology suggests that some taste cells could also be involved in immune surveillance like counterparts in the intestine.…”
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“…In this issue of PLOS Biology, Ibrahim and colleagues demonstrate how AlphaFold-multimer, an artificial intelligence–based structure prediction tool, can be used to identify sequence motifs binding to the ATG8 family of proteins central to autophagy.…”
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“…Viruses arriving late to an individual cell are blocked from replicating, an effect called superinfection exclusion. A study in PLOS Biology indicates that this exclusion at the level of individual cells gives rise to a heterogenous landscape of infection within a host.…”
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“…The genetic basis of congenital hydrocephalus is only partially understood. A new study in PLOS Biology reports a potential gain-of-function pathological mechanism of congenital hydrocephalus in mouse embryonic stem cells that involves Wnt–β-catenin signaling pathway regulation.…”
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“…Radial glial cells, the stem cells of the cerebral cortex, extend a long basal fiber that ends in basal endfeet. A new study in PLOS Biology found that non-muscle myosins control basal endfoot integrity to regulate interneuron organization.…”
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“…Development of resistance in castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) involves epigenetic pathways. A new study in PLOS Biology demonstrates that combined therapy targeting enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) and histone deacetylases (HDACs) may sensitize CRPC to both epigenetic and standard therapies.…”
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“…A healing wound is made of cells that paused proliferation and secrete mitogenic factors and cells that proliferate to replace those lost to cell death. A new study in PLOS Biology describes how 2 conserved signaling pathways could repress each other to create these mutually exclusive cell states.…”
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“…Cancer stem cells drive tumor growth and survival via self-renewal and therapeutic resistance, but the upstream mechanisms are not well defined. In this issue of PLOS Biology, a study in colon cancer reveals a new signalling network that links epigenetic regulation to these phenotypes.…”
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“…The horizontal transfer of mobile DNA is one of the signature moves of bacterial evolution, but the specific rules that govern this transfer remain elusive. In this PLOS Biology issue, Haudiquet and colleagues revealed that the interactions between mobile genetic elements and the bacterial capsule shape the horizontal flow of DNA in an important bacterial pathogen.…”
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“…Parasites target the plant immune system for successful colonization. A new study in PLOS Biology reveals that unrelated parasites have evolved effectors that specifically suppress the function of helper nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeats (NLRs), explaining the complex plant–parasite coevolutionary dynamics.…”
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“…Michaelis constants (K(m)) are essential to predict the catalytic rate of enzymes, but are not widely available. A new study in PLOS Biology uses artificial intelligence (AI) to accurately predict K(m) on a proteome-wide scale, paving the way for dynamic, genome-wide modeling of metabolism.…”
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“…Synaptic scaling allows neurons to adjust synaptic strength in response to chronic alterations in neuronal activity. A new study in PLOS Biology identifies a pathway that synergizes protein synthesis and degradation with remodeling of the microRNA (miRNA)-induced silencing complex (miRISC) to mediate synaptic scaling.…”
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“…Auditory feedback of one’s own speech is used to monitor and adaptively control fluent speech production. A new study in PLOS Biology using electrocorticography (ECoG) in listeners whose speech was artificially delayed identifies regions involved in monitoring speech production.…”
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“…In this issue of PLOS Biology, Kreher and colleagues show in a mouse model that in vivo, neurons and not only myelinating glia are primary effectors of disease progression in Krabbe disease. …”
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“…Writing in PLOS Biology, Ching and colleagues show that ACE2-decorated exosomes are deployed as natural inhibitory decoys against SARS-CoV-2. …”
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“…While their expression is frequently associated with disease, a new study in PLOS Biology found that HERV-K(HML-2) is expressed in more than 50 healthy tissues.…”
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“…Improvements to the production of proteins in industrial yeast species have largely relied on generating variation in a single genetic background. A new study in PLOS Biology leverages natural genetic variation to identify genes and variants with the potential to improve protein yield.…”
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“…In this essay, we describe why article-level metrics are an important extension of traditional citation-based journal metrics and provide a number of example from ALM data collected for PLOS Biology.…”
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