“…We used population genetic theory to classify these clades into younger versus older clades and found that younger clades are associated with a greater abundance of sense and antisense piRNAs per copy than older ones. Further, we find that the abundance of younger, but not older clades, is positively correlated with antisense piRNA production, suggesting a general pattern where hosts preferentially produce antisense piRNAs from recently active TE variants. …”
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“…However, the contribution of PIWI proteins and PIWI‐interacting RNAs (piRNAs) to the regulatory mechanism of animal feeding is unknown. …”
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“…However, the PIWI/piRNA system has been investigated largely in animals with actively mobilizing TEs and it is unclear how the PIWI/piRNA system functions in the absence of mobilizing TEs. …”
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“…BACKGROUND: PiRNAs prevent transposable elements wreaking havoc on the germline genome. …”
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“…We recently developed a piRNA-based silencing assay (piRNAi) to study small-RNA mediated epigenetic silencing: acute gene silencing is induced by synthetic piRNAs expressed from extra-chromosomal array and transgenerational inheritance can be quantified after array loss. …”
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“…Current models propose that Rhino’s specific chromatin occupancy at piRNA source loci is determined by histone marks and maternally inherited piRNAs, but also imply the existence of other, undiscovered specificity cues. …”
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“…PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) with the length of approximately 26–30 nucleotides are a distinct class of small non-coding RNAs that mainly expressed in the animal gonads. …”
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“…A program was used to quantify the interaction of miRNA and piRNA nucleotides with mRNA of the target genes. …”
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“…However, study on piRNAs in Apis cerana is still lacking until now. …”
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“…piRNAs function as genome defense mechanisms against transposable elements insertions within germ line cells. …”
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“…The current research aimed to examine the in silico interaction between PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) and the SARS-CoV-2 genome (gRNA) to identify endogenous piRNAs and propose synthetic piRNAs with strong antiviral activity for drug development. …”
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“…BACKGROUND: Piwi-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) have been proven to be closely associated with human diseases. …”
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“…This distinction is crucial to initiate the biogenesis of Piwi-interacting RNAs (piRNAs). In Drosophila ovaries, PIWI-guided slicing and the recognition of piRNA precursor transcripts by the DEAD-box RNA helicase Yb are the 2 known mechanisms to licence an RNA for piRNA biogenesis in the germline and the soma, respectively. …”
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“…BACKGROUND: It is widely assumed that the invasion of a transposable element (TE) in mammals and invertebrates is stopped when a copy of the TE jumps into a piRNA cluster (i.e., the trap model). However, recent works, which for example showed that deletion of three major piRNA clusters has no effect on TE activity, cast doubt on the trap model. …”
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“…Mechanism of piRNA-dependent Stellate repression remains poorly understood. …”
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“…Then from 938,328 deep-sequenced small RNAs (26–30 nt), 375,195 piRNAs were identified by a k-mer scheme and 326 piRNAs were identified by homology searches. …”
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“…Germ cells implement elaborate mechanisms to protect their genetic material and to regulate gene expression during differentiation. Piwi proteins bind piRNAs, a class of small germline RNAs whose biogenesis and functions are still largely elusive. …”
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“…Piwi proteins and Piwi-interacting small RNAs (piRNAs) have known functions in transposon silencing in the male germline of fetal and newborn mice. …”
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“…Total 770 known and 5 novel human miRNAs, and 20121 piRNAs were detected, indicating that the human testis has a complex population of small RNAs. …”
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“…Using a candidate gene KD-approach, we identified differences in the spatio-temporal requirements of the piRNA pathway components for piRNA-mediated silencing. …”
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