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  1. 2201
    “…Results show that EC-PGMGR performs better than 4 alternative individual clustering methods and 2 ensemble methods in terms of accuracy including Adjusted Rand Index (ARI) and Normalized Mutual Information (NMI), robustness, effectiveness and so on. …”
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    EC-PGMGR: Ensemble Clustering Based on Probability Graphical Model With Graph Regularization for Single-Cell RNA-seq Data
  2. 2202
    “…Participants received retrospective feedback about drug levels at Months 1, 2 and 3; half was randomized to receive a 200 Rand shopping voucher ($13 US) at Months 2, 3 and 4, conditioned on high intracellular tenofovir diphosphate (TFV‐DP) levels in dried blood spots (≥500 fmol/punch at Month 1, ≥700 fmol/punch at Months 2 and 3). …”
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    Incentives conditioned on tenofovir levels to support PrEP adherence among young South African women: a randomized trial
  3. 2203
    “…These candidates were evaluated by multidisciplinary expert panel using a RAND-modified Delphi procedure, using two online questionnaires and a face-to-face meeting between them. …”
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    170. Development of Key Indicators for Appropriate Antibiotic Use in Republic of Korea: a Systematic Review followed by Delphi Procedure
  4. 2204
    “…Forty healthy female Holstein calves (4-day-old, 40 ± 5 kg of body weight) were housed in individual hutches and randomly allocated to 1 of 4 treatment groups (n = 10 per group) using the RAND function in Excel. The control group was fed no SB (SB0), while the other three groups were supplemented with 15 (SB15), 30 (SB30), or 45 (SB45) g/d of SB mixed into liquid feeds offered. …”
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    Supplementation with sodium butyrate improves growth and antioxidant function in dairy calves before weaning
  5. 2205
    “…METHODS: In a consensus conference a three-step approach was used: (i) presentation of current research from five European countries; (ii) workshops discussing evidence amongst the audience to generate consensus statements; (iii) anonymous real-time voting applying the modified RAND-UCLA Appropriateness method to adopt or reject the statements. …”
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    Smartphone-based dispatch of community first responders to out-of-hospital cardiac arrest - statements from an international consensus conference
  6. 2206
    “…METHODS: Short-Form Six-Dimension utility scores were derived from the RAND 36-Item Health Survey 1.0 individual-level data available in the Multiple Sclerosis Outcome Assessment Consortium (MSOAC) Placebo Database. …”
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    Predictors of Health Utility in Relapsing–Remitting and Secondary-Progressive Multiple Sclerosis: Implications for Future Economic Models of Disease-Modifying Therapies
  7. 2207
    “…Our study used a validated Patient Satisfaction Questionnaire III (PSQ-III) developed by RAND Corporation including various contextual socio-demographic characteristics. …”
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    Patient satisfaction and its socio-demographic correlates in a tertiary public hospital in Nepal: a cross-sectional study
  8. 2208
    “…Clustering performances were assessed by Adjusted Rand Index (ARI) on 1000 generated virtual populations consisting of mixed variables using 7 scenarios with varying population sizes, number of clusters, number of continuous and categorical variables, proportions of relevant (non-noisy) variables and degree of variable relevance (low, mild, high). …”
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    Head-to-head comparison of clustering methods for heterogeneous data: a simulation-driven benchmark
  9. 2209
    “…METHODS: We applied the RAND/UCLA Appropriateness Method to derive our second-generation system and conducted a prospective study of patients diagnosed with knee osteoarthritis in eight public hospitals in Spain. …”
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    Validation of a second-generation appropriateness classification system for total knee arthroplasty: a prospective cohort study
  10. 2210
    “…RESULTS: The 49 331 randomized participants had a mean baseline age of 79.7 years; 84.3% were White, 9.2% Black, 3.3% Hispanic, 1.9% Asian/Pacific Islander, 0.3% Native American, and 1% were of unknown race/ethnicity. The mean baseline RAND-36 physical function score was 71.6 (± 25.2 SD). …”
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    Women’s Health Initiative Strong and Healthy Pragmatic Physical Activity Intervention Trial for Cardiovascular Disease Prevention: Design and Baseline Characteristics
  11. 2211
    “…Among both men and women, participants assigned to dietary patterns changed substantially between ExBefore and ExAfter and also between the Inclusion and InclusionNN scenarios (Hubert and Arabie’s adjusted Rand Index, Kappa and Cramer’s V statistics < 0.8). …”
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    The effect of different methods to identify, and scenarios used to address energy intake misestimation on dietary patterns derived by cluster analysis
  12. 2212
    “…ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: This project received ethical approval from the University of Pittsburgh’s Institutional Review Board (study 19110301) and the RAND Institutional Research Board (study 2020-0142). …”
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    Consensus-based approach to managing opioids, including opioid misuse and opioid use disorder, in patients with serious illness: protocol for a modified Delphi process
  13. 2213
    “…The primary outcomes were American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons-Elbow (ASES-E) score, Single Assessment Numeric Evaluation score, Visual Analog Scale for pain, Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand Score (QuickDASH), and Veterans RAND 12 (VR-12) quality-of-life assessment. RESULTS: All patients were male, with a median age of 49 years (range, 28-65). …”
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    Low mental health scores are associated with worse patient-reported outcomes and difficulty with return to work and sport after distal biceps repair
  14. 2214
    “…Measurements regarding PA (Baecke questionnaire), body composition (bioelectrical impedance analysis), estimated cardiorespiratory fitness (Åstrand test) and health-related quality of life (RAND-36) were performed preoperatively and two years post-surgery. …”
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    Changes in Physical Activity in Relation to Body Composition, Fitness and Quality of Life after Primary Bariatric Surgery: a Two-Year Follow-Up Study
  15. 2215
    “…Pain was assessed using the bodily pain domain of the Veterans RAND-36. In two cohorts, participants were randomly assigned to a web-based, pedometer-mediated PA intervention which has previously been demonstrated to improve PA. …”
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    Pain in Veterans with COPD: relationship with physical activity and exercise capacity
  16. 2216
    “…OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS AND STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: HRQoL was measured by physical (PCS) and mental (MCS) component summaries of the Medical Outcomes Study Short Form 36 (SF-36) and Veterans RAND 12-item (VR-12) health survey instruments. MDD risk was derived from survey items screening for depressive symptoms. …”
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    Impact of Health-related Quality of Life and Prediagnosis Risk of Major Depressive Disorder on Treatment Choice in Low- and Intermediate-Risk Prostate Cancer
  17. 2217
    “…Patient-reported outcome (PROs) included modified Harris Hip Score (MHHS), visual analog scale (VAS) and quality of life with Veterans RAND-12 (VR-12). Spearman correlation coefficients were used to determine correlation of PWI with pre- and post-PROs. …”
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    The Severity of Acetabular Retroversion Does Not Influence Outcomes of Arthroscopic Management of FAI
  18. 2218
    “…Patient-reported outcome (PRO) scores including the American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES), single-assessment numeric evaluation (SANE), Veterans RAND 12-Item (VR-12) for both Physical Component Score (PCS) and Mental Component Score (MCS), and Western Ontario Rotator Cuff (WORC) outcome measures were recorded at pre-operative baseline, surgery, and postoperatively at 2 and 6 weeks, 3 and 6 months, and 1 year. …”
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    Treatment of Partial-Thickness Rotator Cuff Repairs With A Resorbable Bioinductive Bovine Collagen Implant: 1-Year Results From A Prospective Multi-Center Registry
  19. 2219
    “…This analysis of gender dysphoria measured by the Gender Preoccupation and Stability Questionnaire and QoL measured by the RAND Short-Form 36 Health survey at baseline, 3 and 6 months after commencement of GAHT was a prespecified secondary outcome. …”
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    Short-Term Effects of Gender-Affirming Hormone Therapy on Dysphoria and Quality of Life in Transgender Individuals: A Prospective Controlled Study
  20. 2220
    “…RESULTS: In both arms, participants were young (HIVST vs ConvHT) (mean age: 28.2 years vs 29.2 years), female (65.0% vs 76.0%) and had monthly income <3000 rand (80.8% vs 75%). Participants chose unsupervised HIVST (62.7%) versus supervised HIVST and reported multiple sex partners (10.88% vs 8.7%), exposure to sex workers (1.4% vs 0.2%) and fewer comorbidities (0.9% vs 1.9%). …”
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    Impact of a personalised, digital, HIV self-testing app-based program on linkages and new infections in the township populations of South Africa
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