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  1. 4741
    “…C.L.R.B. receives funding from Chief Scientists Office (Scotland), ESHRE and Genus PLC, consulting fees from Exscientia and lecture fees from Cooper Surgical and Ferring. …”
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    Compounds enhancing human sperm motility identified using a high-throughput phenotypic screening platform
  2. 4742
    “…METHODS: We investigated the association between polygenic risk scores (PRS) for depression and DNAm by conducting a methylome-wide association study (MWAS) in Generation Scotland (N = 8898, mean age = 49.8 years) with replication in the Lothian Birth Cohorts of 1921 and 1936 and adults in the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC) (N(combined) = 2049, mean age = 79.1, 69.6 and 47.2 years, respectively). …”
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    DNA methylome-wide association study of genetic risk for depression implicates antigen processing and immune responses
  3. 4743
    “…A review of entries for arthroplasty was considered for all hospitals across England and Wales. Hospitals in Scotland, Ireland, and Isles of Man and major trauma centers were excluded. …”
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    The positive impact of GIRFT (getting it right first time) on arthroplasty services in times of COVID-19
  4. 4744
    “…Follow-up data will be collected by linkage to routine healthcare databases — Hospital Episode Statistics, Civil Registration, Public Health England and the UK Renal Registry (UKRR) in England, and equivalent databases in Scotland and Wales, as necessary — and centrally administered patient-completed questionnaires. …”
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    The high-volume haemodiafiltration vs high-flux haemodialysis registry trial (H4RT): a multi-centre, unblinded, randomised, parallel-group, superiority study to compare the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of high-volume haemodiafiltration and high-flux haemodialysis in people with kidney failure on maintenance dialysis using linkage to routine healthcare databases for outcomes
  5. 4745
    “…METHODS: We developed an Optimized early Warning model for Lung cancer risk (OWL) using the XGBoost algorithm with 323,344 participants from the England area in UK Biobank (training set), and independently validated it with 93,227 participants from UKB Scotland and Wales area (validation set 1), as well as 70,605 and 66,231 participants in the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian cancer screening trial (PLCO) control and intervention subpopulations, respectively (validation sets 2 & 3) and 23,138 and 18,669 participants in the United States National Lung Screening Trial (NLST) control and intervention subpopulations, respectively (validation sets 4 & 5). …”
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    OWL: an optimized and independently validated machine learning prediction model for lung cancer screening based on the UK Biobank, PLCO, and NLST populations
  6. 4746
    “…METHODS: HOT-KID, a parallel-group, open-label, multicentre, randomised, controlled trial, was done in 14 clinical centres across England and Scotland. We included children aged 2–15 years with stage 1–4 chronic kidney disease—ie, an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) higher than 15 mL/min per 1·73 m(2)—and who could be followed up for 2 years. …”
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    Intensive compared with less intensive blood pressure control to prevent adverse cardiac remodelling in children with chronic kidney disease (HOT-KID): a parallel-group, open-label, multicentre, randomised, controlled trial
  7. 4747
    “…STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION: Cohort study encompassing all females diagnosed with cancer under the age of 18 in South East Scotland, from 1 January 1996 to 30 April 2020. Patients were followed up for reproductive outcomes to assess for diagnosis of POI. …”
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    Long-term follow-up to assess criteria for ovarian tissue cryopreservation for fertility preservation in young women and girls with cancer
  8. 4748
    “…METHODS: This pragmatic, parallel-group, open-label, multi-centre, effectiveness superiority randomised, controlled, phase 3 trial was conducted at five National Health Service community-based treatment clinics in England and Scotland. Participants (adults aged ≥ 18 years; all meeting DSM-5 diagnostic criteria for moderate or severe OUD at admission to their current maintenance treatment episode) were randomly assigned (1:1) to receive continued daily SoC (liquid methadone (usual dose range: 60–120 mg) or sublingual/transmucosal buprenorphine (usual dose range: 8–24 mg) for 24 weeks; or monthly BUP-XR (Sublocade;® two injections of 300 mg, then four maintenance injections of 100 mg or 300 mg, with maintenance dose selected by response and preference) for 24 weeks. …”
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    Superiority and cost-effectiveness of monthly extended-release buprenorphine versus daily standard of care medication: a pragmatic, parallel-group, open-label, multicentre, randomised, controlled, phase 3 trial
  9. 4749
    “…METHODS: We undertook a probability sample survey (the third National Survey of Sexual Attitudes and Lifestyles [Natsal-3]) of 15 162 individuals aged 16–74 years who lived in Britain (England, Scotland, and Wales). Interviews were done between Sept 6, 2010, and Aug 31, 2012. …”
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    Sexual function in Britain: findings from the third National Survey of Sexual Attitudes and Lifestyles (Natsal-3)
  10. 4750
    “…Funding NHS fellowship (Dr Sarah Martins da Silva), NHS Scotland. The authors declare no conflicts of interest.…”
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    A spontaneous increase in intracellular Ca(2+) in metaphase II human oocytes in vitro can be prevented by drugs targeting ATP-sensitive K(+) channels
  11. 4751
    “…We involved two mother and baby groups in disadvantaged areas of North East Scotland and North West England as research partners on our team. …”
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    Combining PPI with qualitative research to engage ‘harder-to-reach’ populations: service user groups as co-applicants on a platform study for a trial
  12. 4752
    “…Participants were pregnant (≤13 weeks and 6 days' gestation) or planning pregnancy from 31 hospitals in Canada, England, Scotland, Spain, Italy, Ireland, and the USA. We ran two trials in parallel for pregnant participants and for participants planning pregnancy. …”
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    Continuous glucose monitoring in pregnant women with type 1 diabetes (CONCEPTT): a multicentre international randomised controlled trial
  13. 4753
    “…STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S): The majority of the data were obtained using funding from TENOVUS Scotland and Chief Scientist Office NRS Fellowship. …”
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    Drug discovery for male subfertility using high-throughput screening: a new approach to an unsolved problem
  14. 4754
    “…METHODS: We extracted data from the GBD 2016 to estimate years of life lost (YLLs), years lived with disability (YLDs), disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs), and attributable risks from 1990 to 2016 for England, Scotland, Wales, Northern Ireland, the UK, and 150 English Upper-Tier Local Authorities. …”
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    Changes in health in the countries of the UK and 150 English Local Authority areas 1990–2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016
  15. 4755
    “…METHODS: In this prospective cohort study, two groups in Birmingham and London recruited patients from 34 fetal medicine units in England and Scotland. We used whole-exome sequencing (WES) to evaluate the presence of genetic variants in developmental disorder genes (diagnostic genetic variants) in a cohort of fetuses with structural anomalies and samples from their parents, after exclusion of aneuploidy and large CNVs. …”
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    Prenatal exome sequencing analysis in fetal structural anomalies detected by ultrasonography (PAGE): a cohort study
  16. 4756
    “…METHODS: VAPrapid2 was a multicentre, randomised controlled trial in patients admitted to 24 ICUs from 17 National Health Service hospital trusts across England, Scotland, and Northern Ireland. Patients were screened for eligibility and included if they were 18 years or older, intubated and mechanically ventilated for at least 48 h, and had suspected ventilator-associated pneumonia. …”
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    Biomarker-guided antibiotic stewardship in suspected ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAPrapid2): a randomised controlled trial and process evaluation
  17. 4757
    “…METHODS: We did a single-blind, parallel group, randomised controlled trial in adults (18–80 years of age) with severe asthma (at treatment steps 4 and 5 of the Global Initiative for Asthma) and FENO of less than 45 parts per billion at 12 specialist severe asthma centres across England, Scotland, and Northern Ireland. Patients were randomly assigned (4:1) to either the biomarker strategy group or the control group by an online electronic case-report form, in blocks of ten, stratified by asthma control and use of rescue systemic steroids in the previous year. …”
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    Composite type-2 biomarker strategy versus a symptom–risk-based algorithm to adjust corticosteroid dose in patients with severe asthma: a multicentre, single-blind, parallel group, randomised controlled trial
  18. 4758
    “…METHODS: This was a multicentre, open-label, phase 3 randomised controlled trial based at cancer centres and acute care hospitals in England, Scotland, and Wales. Patients (aged ≥16 years) with incurable oesophageal carcinoma receiving stent insertion for primary management of dysphagia were randomly assigned (1:1) to receive usual care alone or EBRT (20 Gy in five fractions or 30 Gy in ten fractions) plus usual care after stent insertion. …”
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    Palliative radiotherapy after oesophageal cancer stenting (ROCS): a multicentre, open-label, phase 3 randomised controlled trial
  19. 4759
    “…METHODS: This retrospective, observational study analyzed patients with musculoskeletal tumors who underwent surgery in one of eight specialist centers in the United Kingdom, which included the five designated cancer centers in England, one specialist soft tissue sarcoma center, and two centers from Scotland between March 12, 2020 and May 20, 2020. A total of 347 patients were included, with a median (range) age of 53 years (10 to 94); 60% (207 of 347) were men, and the median ASA grade was II (I to IV). …”
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    What Proportion of Patients with Bone and Soft Tissue Tumors Contracted Coronavirus-19 and Died From Surgical Procedures During the Initial Period of the COVID-19 Pandemic? Results From the Multicenter British Orthopaedic Oncology Society Observational Study
  20. 4760
    “…METHODS: This retrospective observational cohort study included consecutive patients aged ≥70 years old who were managed under the specialist care of a consultant cardiologist between April 2016 and August 2020 in three acute hospitals across Edinburgh, Scotland. The Continuous Dynamic Evaluation of Frailty (CODE-f) score was derived from national Care Assurance Standards data that is mandated for older patient hospital care. …”
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    Automated electronic health record frailty assessment for older cardiac patients
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