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  1. 14421
    “…We aimed to ensure the content validity of our instruments in the cultural context of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. METHODS: The Iowa Infant Feeding Attitudes Scale, Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale-Short Form and additional items comprise our consolidated instrument, which was cross-culturally adapted utilizing a multi-step approach during August 2012. …”
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    Cross-cultural adaptation of instruments assessing breastfeeding determinants: a multi-step approach
  2. 14422
    “…METHODS: One hundred and twenty HIV-infected patients attending an infectious diseases clinic in the Western Cape, South Africa were included in the study. The periodontal clinical indices such as plaque index, gingival index, pocket probing depth and clinical attachment levels were measured on the mesial aspect of the six Ramfjord teeth. …”
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    Is human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) stage an independent risk factor for altering the periodontal status of HIV-positive patients? A South African study
  3. 14423
    “…All Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates found to be multidrug-resistant were retested for resistance to first-line drugs – and tested for resistance to second-line drugs – at a Supranational Tuberculosis Reference Laboratory in South Africa. FINDINGS: Overall, M. tuberculosis was isolated from 1777 (83.8%) of the 2120 smear-positive tuberculosis patients. …”
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    Drug resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Malawi: a cross-sectional survey
  4. 14424
    “…BACKGROUND: In 2008 a nosocomial outbreak of five cases of viral hemorrhagic fever due to a novel arenavirus, Lujo virus, occurred in Johannesburg, South Africa. Lujo virus is only the second pathogenic arenavirus, after Lassa virus, to be recognized in Africa and the first in over 40 years. …”
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    Clinical Features and Patient Management of Lujo Hemorrhagic Fever
  5. 14425
    “…METHODS: Consecutive ambulatory patients enrolling for antiretroviral treatment in South Africa were screened for TB regardless of symptoms using diagnostic assays prospectively applied to sputum (fluorescence smear microscopy, Xpert MTB/RIF and liquid culture (reference standard)) and retrospectively applied to stored urine samples (Determine TB-LAM and Xpert MTB/RIF). …”
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    HIV-associated tuberculosis: relationship between disease severity and the sensitivity of new sputum-based and urine-based diagnostic assays
  6. 14426
    “…We investigated the effects of seasonal variation in water availability on leaf physiology, using a common garden experiment in the Eastern Cape of South Africa to compare 12 locally occurring grass species from C(4) and C(3) sister lineages. …”
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    Physiological advantages of C(4) grasses in the field: a comparative experiment demonstrating the importance of drought
  7. 14427
    “…We conducted in-depth interviews (9 counselors, 15 nurses, 5 doctors) and focus group discussions (6 counselors, 7 professional nurses) in eThekwini District, South Africa. Data were translated, transcribed, and analyzed using content analysis with NVivo10 software. …”
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    Lost Opportunities to Reduce Periconception HIV Transmission: Safer Conception Counseling By South African Providers Addresses Perinatal but not Sexual HIV Transmission
  8. 14428
    “…We estimate the effect of progression through the HIV treatment cascade on contraceptive use and choice among HIV-infected women in rural South Africa. METHODS: We linked population-based surveillance data on contraception collected by the Wellcome Trust Africa Centre for Health and Population Studies to data from the local antiretroviral treatment (ART) program in Hlabisa subdistrict, KwaZulu-Natal. …”
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    Preventing Unintended Pregnancy and HIV Transmission: Effects of the HIV Treatment Cascade on Contraceptive Use and Choice in Rural KwaZulu-Natal
  9. 14429
    “…METHODS: Drawing on concepts from complexity theory, this paper describes the catalysts to implementation of a whole-system intervention in the North West Province of South Africa. This province was an early adopter of a national primary health care (PHC) strategy that included the establishment of PHC outreach teams based on generalist community health workers. …”
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    Whole-system change: case study of factors facilitating early implementation of a primary health care reform in a South African province
  10. 14430
    “…BACKGROUND: Flow sheet options for integrating ethanol production from spent sulfite liquor (SSL) into the acid-based sulfite pulping process at the Sappi Saiccor mill (Umkomaas, South Africa) were investigated, including options for generation of thermal and electrical energy from onsite bio-wastes, such as bark. …”
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    Techno-economics of integrating bioethanol production from spent sulfite liquor for reduction of greenhouse gas emissions from sulfite pulping mills
  11. 14431
    “…METHODS: Infants <2 months of age brought with illness to selected health facilities in Bangladesh, Bolivia, Ghana, India, Pakistan and South Africa were evaluated, and blood cultures taken if they were considered ill enough to be admitted to hospital. …”
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    Etiology of Bacteremia in Young Infants in Six Countries
  12. 14432
    “…Species were native to either the Western Cape region of South Africa, south-western Australia or south-eastern Australia and had been introduced to at least one of the other regions or to New Zealand. …”
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    Evidence for shifts to faster growth strategies in the new ranges of invasive alien plants
  13. 14433
    “…BACKGROUND: The burden of catheter-related infections (CRIs) in developing countries is severe. In South Africa, a standardised surveillance definition does not exist and the collection of catheter days is challenging. …”
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    Surveillance of catheter-related infections: the supplementary role of the microbiology laboratory
  14. 14434
    “…METHODS: Routinely collected data on TB treatment, vital status, and the timing and causes of death, were linked to cardio-respiratory autopsy data, from 1995–2008, from a cohort of male platinum miners in South Africa. Records were expanded into person-months at risk (pm). …”
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    Timing, rates, and causes of death in a large South African tuberculosis programme
  15. 14435
    “…Furthermore, a wide disparity exists, as 60% of all machines on the continent are concentrated in Egypt and South Africa while 29 countries in Africa are still lacking any RT resource. …”
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    A Systematic Review of Radiotherapy Capacity in Low- and Middle-Income Countries
  16. 14436
    “…CONCLUSIONS: Comorbidity is common in both mental and physical disorders, and both are associated with substantial days out of role in South Africa. These data indicate substantial social and economic loss associated with these conditions, and emphasize the need to integrate health services to include common mental disorders in all basic packages of care and to assess for and manage comorbid conditions.…”
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    Days out of role due to mental and physical illness in the South African stress and health study
  17. 14437
    “…We conducted a randomized controlled field trial to evaluate the immunogenicity and safety of the new RVF Clone 13 vaccine, recently registered in South Africa. METHODS: In a blinded randomized controlled field trial, 404 animals (85 cattle, 168 sheep, and 151 goats) in three farms in Kenya were divided into three groups. …”
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    Randomized Controlled Field Trial to Assess the Immunogenicity and Safety of Rift Valley Fever Clone 13 Vaccine in Livestock
  18. 14438
    “…METHODS: We used validated models of HIV infection to simulate pregnant, HIV-infected women (mean age 26 years, gestational age 26 weeks) in a general antenatal clinic in South Africa, and their infants. We examined two strategies for CD4 testing after HIV diagnosis: laboratory (test rate: 96%, result-return rate: 87%, cost: $14) and POC (test rate: 99%, result-return rate: 95%, cost: $26). …”
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    Point-of-Care CD4 Testing to Inform Selection of Antiretroviral Medications in South African Antenatal Clinics: A Cost-Effectiveness Analysis
  19. 14439
    “…SETTING: The study was conducted using data from a longitudinal population-based cohort in rural KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, between 2005 and 2012. PARTICIPANTS: The study used 13 831 reports of partner age disparity within 7337 unique conjugal relationships. 10 012 (72.4%) reports were made by women. …”
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    Assessing the validity of respondents’ reports of their partners’ ages in a rural South African population-based cohort
  20. 14440
    “…METHODS: We collected RSV samples and isolates from Mexico, Argentina, Belgium, Italy, Germany, Australia, South Africa, and the USA from the years 1998-2010. Both Sanger and next-generation sequencing with the Illumina and 454 platforms were used to sequence the whole genomes of RSV A and B. …”
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    Sequencing and Analysis of Globally Obtained Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus A and B Genomes
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