“…BACKGROUND: Innate immune genes tend to be highly conserved in metazoans, even in early divergent lineages such as Cnidaria (jellyfish, corals, hydroids and sea anemones) and Porifera (sponges). However, constant and diverse selection pressures on the immune system have driven the expansion and diversification of different immune gene families in a lineage-specific manner. …”
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“…Similar to long noncoding RNA (lncRNA), circRNA can act as microRNA (miRNA) ‘sponges’ to regulate gene expression, and its abnormal expression is related to diseases such as atherosclerosis, nervous system disorders and cancer. …”
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“…The optimized protocol relies on culture under hypoxia within type I/III collagen sponges. Here, we explored three parameters that influence MSC differentiation: culture times, growth factors and RNA interference strategies. …”
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“…Cryopreserved serous ovarian cancer tissues were cultured on gelatin sponges for 72 h with ATRA (1 μM). Effects on apoptosis and proliferation were assessed by immunohistochemistry using antibodies to cleaved caspase 3 or Ki67, respectively. …”
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“…CONCLUSIONS: In our study, long noncoding RNA steroid receptor RNA activator 1 played an antitumor role in osteosarcoma as it reduced cell migration, invasion, and proliferation, but facilitated cell apoptosis via sponging microRNA-208a, which could be regarded as a potential therapeutic target of osteosarcoma treatment.…”
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“…Furthermore, FISH showed that hsa_circ_0000592 was mainly located in the cytoplasm, and a bioinformatics analysis suggested that hsa_circ_0000592 might function by sponging multiple miRNAs, and most notably four conserved miRNAs, including miR-139-3p, miR-200, miR-367-3p, and miR-33a-3p. …”
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“…Furthermore, 15 DECs were found to act as putative miRNA sponges to involved in fertility transition in PTGMS rice line. …”
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“…Tumor suppressor miR-361, but not miR-31, was confirmed to be sponged directly by MIR31HG in OS cells and was down-regulated in OS cell lines. …”
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“…Additionally, hundreds of DElncRNAs and their target miRNAs were found to form complex competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) networks, suggesting that these DElncRNAs may act as miRNA sponges. Furthermore, DElncRNA-miRNA-mRNA networks were constructed and investigated, the results demonstrated that a portion of the DElncRNAs were likely to participate in regulating the host material and energy metabolism as well as cellular and humoral immune host responses to N. ceranae invasion. …”
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“…Conclusion: We demonstrated that hsa_circ_0088732 facilitated glioma progression by sponging miR-661 to increase RAB3D expression. This study provides a theoretical basis for understanding the development and occurrence of glioma, as well as for the development of targeted drugs.…”
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“…Background: Circular RNAs (circRNAs), a novel class of non-coding RNAs, have been found to act as microRNA (miRNA) sponges and thus play key roles in biological processes and pathogenesis. …”
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“…In particular, some circRNAs are closely involved in reproductive processes and function as potent microRNA (miRNA) sponges to regulate target gene expression levels. …”
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“…MALAT1 promoted NLRP3 expression by acting as a competing endogenous RNA and sponging miR-224-5p. MiR-224-5p reduces microglial inflammation activation through the regulation of NLRP3 expression, which ultimately affected the NLRP3/IL-1β pathway in the hippocampus. …”
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“…The restoration experiment implicated that TUG1 positively modulated FLOT1 expression by sponging miR-31-5p. CONCLUSION: All data demonstrated that TUG1 promotes cell proliferation and inhibits cell apoptosis and autophagy in ccRCC by miR-31-5p/FLOT1 axis, which may provide a therapeutic target for ccRCC patients.…”
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“…According to this theory, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) act as microRNAs (miRNAs) sponges by miRNA response elements or miRNA binding sites to control the availability of endogenous miRNA for binding to their target mRNAs. …”
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“…CONCLUSION: Downregulation of PVT1 inhibited proliferation, radioresistance and promoted apoptosis by downregulating PIK3CA via sponging miR-515-5p in NPC cells.…”
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“…Circular RNAs are characterized as a class of covalently closed circular RNA transcripts and are associated with a variety of cellular processes and neurological diseases by sponging microRNAs. Expression profiling of circular RNAs in glaucoma, which is a form of optic neuropathy, has not been performed to date. …”
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“…PVT1 regulated HMGB1 expression via sponging miR-93-5p. miR-93-5p inhibition abolished PVT1 silencing-mediated viability, apoptosis, inflammation responses and collagen degradation of LPS-stimulated C28/I2 cells. …”
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“…Moreover, our data showed that miR-519d-3p directly targeted CREB1 and BLACAT1 sponged miR-519d-3p to regulate CREB1 expression. …”
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