“…The major factors significantly associated with the cumulative number of COVID-19 cases per 100,000 people were ‘commuting by private automobile’ (adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 0.444; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.394–0.501), ‘commuting by public transportation’ (AOR, 6.813; 95% CI, 5.567–8.336), ‘washing hands’ (AOR, 1.233; 95% CI, 1.005–1.511), ‘opening windows regularly’ (AOR, 1.248; 95% CI, 1.104–1.412), ‘avoiding crowded places (AOR, 0.757; 95% CI, 0.641–0.893), ‘non-scheduled visits to drinking places’ (AOR, 1.212; 95% CI, 1.054–1.392) and ‘perceived risk of contracting COVID-19’ (AOR, 1.380; 95% CI, 1.180–1.612). …”
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“…Findings: Online therapy can serve as a barrier to treatment in some cases, due to physical (lack of suitable online devices except phones), familial (over-crowded families), and religious circumstances, as well as because of the patients' reluctance to take part in this treatment. …”
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“…Most vending facilities are near crowded places, such as bus terminals or markets to attract consumers, and the few basic amenities, such as toilets, are inadequate. …”
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“…RESULTS: The mean score of preventive behaviors concerning COVID-19 was 4.27 (standard deviation = 0.60). 40.6% (95% CI: 38.6-43.7%), and 56.5% (95% CI: 53.4-59.5%) of the participants exhibited a high, and moderate level of preventive behaviors, respectively. 75.1% of the participants would always/often wear face masks out home or in crowded places. The most common preventive behaviors were using of personal belongings in the workplace or at home (96.1%) and staying at home except for very necessary or for work (92.9%). …”
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“…Moreover, it was noticed that crowding points resulted in traffic density and air pollution, which may affect the pandemic spread. …”
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“…Therefore, in addition to maintaining a safe physical distance, other precautions including wearing a face mask, preventing air recirculation, and maximizing the use of natural ventilation should be considered, especially in crowded and enclosed environments. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT: [Image: see text] SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11356-021-16010-x.…”
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“…Health facility expenditure: Staff salaries accounted for over 80% of health facility expenditure. This crowded out other expenditure and led to frequent stock outs of essential health commodities. …”
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“…CONCLUSIONS: Despite understanding the risks for contracting COVID-19 and taking appropriate precautions, Hispanics faced numerous challenges to social distancing and quarantining, such as living in crowded, multi-generational households, working as essential workers, and providing unpaid care to family members. …”
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“…Staff were instructed to open windows, increase the air exchange rate and reduce room crowding to maintain indoor air CO(2) concentrations ≤800 parts per million (ppm). …”
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“…BACKGROUND: To prevent the spread of coronavirus disease (COVID-19), it is important to avoid 3Cs (closed spaces, crowded places, and close-contact settings). However, the risk of contact with an unspecified number of people is inevitable while commuting to and from work. …”
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“…Autistic participants endorsed the following barriers to cannabinoid-related support seeking more than controls: ‘worrying they won’t understand me’ (OR=3.25, 95% CI 1.67 to 6.33, p<0.001), ‘going somewhere unfamiliar’ (OR=5.29, 95% CI 2.62 to 10.67, p<0.001) and ‘being in a crowded or chaotic place’ (OR=9.79, 95% CI 4.18 to 22.89, p<0.001). …”
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“…The degree to which individuals perceived they needed to be vigilant was influenced by environmental factors like uneven ground or crowds. CONCLUSION: Vigilance, or the constant appraisal of the environment and personal ability, is not captured by current instruments assessing ankle reconstruction outcomes. …”
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“…INTRODUCTION: Referral hospitals in sub-Saharan Africa are located in crowded urban areas, which were often epicentres of the COVID-19 pandemic. …”
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“…These findings emphasize the need for targeted interventions that provide safe environments for children and mitigate the structural risks posed by crowding and poverty for the most vulnerable residents of urban slum communities.…”
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“…One strategy to mitigate crowding is the use of ED-based observation units to care for patients who may have otherwise required hospitalization. …”
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“…Socioeconomic factors, such as private versus public health care, percentage being foreign born, percentage without a car, percentage with higher needs (<5 years old and >65 years old), and percentage currently living in renter‐occupied and crowded housing units, showed statistically significant associations in predicting NASH. …”
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“…Cleft palate, anterior open bite, crowding in the upper jaw, and hypodontia occurred more frequently among AS patients. …”
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“…OUTCOME MEASURES: We measured household composition, housing and employment precarity, access to government support, household crowding, social networks and COVID-19 shocks. We used a self-reported measure of mental health. …”
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“…Outcome measures include clinical examinations (focusing on OM), antibiotic prescriptions, pneumococcal vaccination, modifiable risk factors such as smoking and household crowding, and nasopharyngeal and ear discharge microbiology including antimicrobial resistance testing. …”
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“…The influencing mechanism of droplet transmissions inside crowded and poorly ventilated buses on infection risks of respiratory diseases is still unclear. …”
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