“…They travel within bodily fluids, transferring the content of their cell of origin to other cells, being both intra- and inter-organism messengers. This EV-mediated method of communication governs many normal functions as well as disease processes. …”
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“…The cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase 2A is an intracellular enzyme which hydrolyzes the secondary messengers cAMP and cGMP and therefore plays an important role in signaling cascades. …”
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“…Since both lipids are potent signaling messengers, DGKα acts as a switch between different signaling pathways. …”
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“…Inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors (IP(3)Rs) are activated by IP(3) and Ca(2+) and their gating is regulated by various intracellular messengers that finely tune the channel activity. Here, using single particle cryo-EM analysis we determined 3D structures of the nanodisc-reconstituted IP(3)R1 channel in two ligand-bound states. …”
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“…Here, we present a mechanistic model describing an interplay of channels and second messengers, which may explain discovered antagonism of β-NAD and ammonia on rat papillary muscle contractile activity.…”
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“…Phosphodiesterase-1 (PDE1) is a versatile enzyme that has surprisingly received considerable attention as a possible therapeutic target in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) because it maintains the homeostasis of 3ʹ,5ʹ-cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and 3ʹ,5ʹ-cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) in the brain. 3ʹ,5ʹ-cyclic adenosine monophosphate and 3ʹ,5ʹ-cyclic guanosine monophosphate are the two key second messengers that regulate a broad range of intracellular processes and neurocognitive functions, specifically memory and cognition, associated with Alzheimer’s disease. …”
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“…In yeast and in other eukaryotes, polyP synthesis is regulated by inositol pyrophosphate (PP-InsP) nutrient messengers, directly sensed by the VTC complex. Here, we report the cryo-electron microscopy structure of signal-activated VTC complex at 3.0 Å resolution. …”
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“…Qualitative data showed that students emphasized communication, the role of trusted messengers, the need to be open minded, and meeting patients where they are. …”
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“…Two critical second messengers are Ca(2+) and cAMP, which control the timing and amplitude of insulin secretion. …”
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“…Calcium ions are intracellular messengers in eukaryotic organisms and calcium homeostasis follows elaborated patterns in response to different nutritional and environmental factors, including cross-talking with phosphate concentrations. …”
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“…New mums may find the 150-minute PA guideline unachievable, with a preference for shorter bouts of PA and clear, practical advice. (3) Social media was identified as an viable delivery platform for new mums, and healthcare providers were identified as important messengers. CONCLUSION: This study found the PAMF to be a helpful tool to inform data collection, data analysis and organisation of findings in a study aiming to develop PA messages. …”
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“…Additionally, rebuilding trust in public health messaging and messengers is necessary to increase perceived self-efficacy. …”
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“…SAM-AMP thus represents a new class of second messenger for antiviral signalling, which may function in different roles in diverse cellular contexts.…”
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“…Barriers to mental health care utilization were perceived as a lack of benefit to services, distrust in practitioners, and fear of stigma. Credible messengers served as facilitators to mental health care. …”
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“…Cancer stem cell-derived exosomes (CSC-Exos), as essential messengers involved in various tumor processes, are important carriers for bidirectional communication between the tumor microenvironment and tumor cells and play an important role in the tumor microenvironment. …”
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“…Such information is generally encoded in the form of post-translationally modified protein messengers. Textbook signaling models typically depend upon the diffusion of molecular signals from the site of initiation at the plasma membrane to the site of effector function within the nucleus. …”
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“…To identify these messengers, Ca2+ changes were measured in single live cells stimulated with spatially uniform chemoattractant. …”
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“…The current was not activated by the second messengers Ca2+, inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate, inositol 1,3,4,5-tetrakisphosphate, or by cyclic AMP-dependent phosphorylation. …”
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“…Gap junction channels exhibit connexin dependent biophysical properties, including selective intercellular passage of larger solutes, such as second messengers and siRNA. Here, we report the determination of cyclic nucleotide (cAMP) permeability through gap junction channels composed of Cx43, Cx40, or Cx26 using simultaneous measurements of junctional conductance and intercellular transfer of cAMP. …”
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“…BACKGROUND: cAMP is an ubiquitous second messenger mediating various neuronal functions, often as a consequence of increased intracellular Ca(2+ )levels. …”
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