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  1. 10781
    por Savidge, Tor C.
    Publicado 2011
    “…One physiological signaling mechanism of NO bioactivity is through chemical reaction with the heme center of guanylyl cyclase, resulting in the conversion of cGMP from GTP. This second messenger nucleotide signal activates cGMP-dependent protein kinases, phosphodiesterases, and ion channels, and is implicated in the neuronal control of GI function. …”
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    S-Nitrosothiol Signals in the Enteric Nervous System: Lessons Learnt from Big Brother
  2. 10782
    “….*156G>A appeared to be associated with reduced messenger RNA stability in an in vitro plasmid-based assay. …”
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    In vitro functional effects of XPC gene rare variants from bladder cancer patients
  3. 10783
    “…In obesity, multiple stress kinases have been identified that impair the insulin signaling pathway via serine phosphorylation of key second messenger proteins. These stress kinases are activated through various mechanisms related to lipid oversupply locally in insulin target tissues and in various adipose depots. …”
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    Insulin Resistance in Non-Obese Subjects Is Associated with Activation of the JNK Pathway and Impaired Insulin Signaling in Skeletal Muscle
  4. 10784
    “…In plants, calcium plays a key role as second messenger during developmental processes and responses to environmental stimuli. …”
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    A rice calcium-dependent protein kinase is expressed in cortical root cells during the presymbiotic phase of the arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis
  5. 10785
    “…Cyclic dimeric GMP (c-di-GMP) is a bacterial second messenger that modulates many biological processes. …”
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    Cyclic di-GMP is Essential for the Survival of the Lyme Disease Spirochete in Ticks
  6. 10786
    “…In this study, therefore, we investigated the expression and localization of MtF messenger RNA (mRNA) in the cerebral cortex of AD and control cases using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) as well as in situ hybridization histochemistry. …”
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    Expression and Localization of Mitochondrial Ferritin mRNA in Alzheimer's Disease Cerebral Cortex
  7. 10787
    “…RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: miR-146a expressions were measured in endothelial cells from large vessels and retinal microvessels in various glucose levels. FN messenger RNA expression and protein levels with or without miR-146a mimic or antagomir transfection were examined. …”
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    miR-146a–Mediated Extracellular Matrix Protein Production in Chronic Diabetes Complications
  8. 10788
    “…RESULTS: Cathepsin K messenger RNA was detectable in all brain regions of wild type (WT) mice. …”
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    Cathepsin K deficiency in mice induces structural and metabolic changes in the central nervous system that are associated with learning and memory deficits
  9. 10789
    “…In this study, the effects of inhaled surface-coated nanoTiO(2) on pulmonary global messenger RNA (mRNA) and microRNA (miRNA) expression in mouse were characterized to provide insight into the molecular response. …”
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    Pulmonary Response to Surface-Coated Nanotitanium Dioxide Particles Includes Induction of Acute Phase Response Genes, Inflammatory Cascades, and Changes in MicroRNAs: A Toxicogenomic Study
  10. 10790
    “…Genes related to an early inflammatory reaction and to cell death were also significantly regulated in response to a radiation injury to the intraorbital optic nerve. In contrast, the messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) expression levels of retinal ganglion cell (RGC)-specific genes were low. …”
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    Retinal whole genome microarray analysis and early morphological changes in the optic nerves of monkeys after an intraorbital nerve irradiated injury
  11. 10791
    “…The role of cytokine/chemokine messenger RNA (mRNA) stability versus nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB) and activator protein-1 (AP-1) in mediating cytokine/chemokine release in J774 cells was also assessed. …”
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    Differences in lipopolysaccharide- and lipoteichoic acid-induced cytokine/chemokine expression
  12. 10792
    “…The B. bacteriovorus HD100 genome encodes numerous proteins predicted to be involved in signalling via the secondary messenger cyclic di-GMP (c-di-GMP), which is known to affect bacterial lifestyle choices. …”
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    Discrete Cyclic di-GMP-Dependent Control of Bacterial Predation versus Axenic Growth in Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus
  13. 10793
    “…An alternative approach is to analyze existing expression data of messenger RNAs (mRNAs) because generally speaking the expression levels of microRNAs and their target mRNAs are inversely correlated. …”
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    Computational Analysis of mRNA Expression Profiles Identifies MicroRNA-29a/c as Predictor of Colorectal Cancer Early Recurrence
  14. 10794
    “…METHODS: Expression of pre-pro-C3 messenger RNA (mRNA) and C3 protein was evaluated by reverse transcription-PCR and western blot analyses, and C3a receptor mRNA was evaluated by reverse transcription-PCR analysis in quiescent VSMCs from SHR and WKY rats. …”
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    Role of Complement 3a in the Synthetic Phenotype and Angiotensin II-Production in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells From Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats
  15. 10795
    “…Despite the similar EP profiles, young AMs are more responsive to PGE(2 )as evidenced by their increased production of the important second messenger, cyclic AMP. In addition, young AMs express higher levels of PDE3B and lower levels of PDE4C compared to adult AMs. …”
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    Impaired neonatal macrophage phagocytosis is not explained by overproduction of prostaglandin E2
  16. 10796
    “…MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression through binding to messenger RNAs (mRNA) thereby promoting mRNA degradation or altered translation. …”
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    The role of microRNA-binding site polymorphisms in DNA repair genes as risk factors for bladder cancer and breast cancer and their impact on radiotherapy outcomes
  17. 10797
    “…Real-time quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were used to evaluate the messenger ribonucleic acid and protein levels, respectively, of vascular endothelial growth factor, matrix metalloproteinase 9, and monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 in the cornea. …”
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    Celastrol nanoparticles inhibit corneal neovascularization induced by suturing in rats
  18. 10798
    “…Previous studies have functionally implicated the NMDA receptor-NO pathway and the downstream second messenger, cGMP, in these processes. Because cGMP can broadly influence diverse ion-channels, kinases, and phosphodiesterases, pre- as well as post-synaptically, the precise identity of cGMP targets mediating spinal LTP, their mechanisms of action, and their locus in the spinal circuitry are still unclear. …”
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    Presynaptically Localized Cyclic GMP-Dependent Protein Kinase 1 Is a Key Determinant of Spinal Synaptic Potentiation and Pain Hypersensitivity
  19. 10799
    “…The second messenger lipid PIP(3) (phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate) is generated by the lipid kinase PI3K (phosphoinositide-3-kinase) in the inner leaflet of the plasma membrane, where it regulates a broad array of cell processes by recruiting multiple signaling proteins containing PIP(3)-specific pleckstrin homology (PH) domains to the membrane surface. …”
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    Membrane Docking Geometry of GRP1 PH Domain Bound to a Target Lipid Bilayer: An EPR Site-Directed Spin-Labeling and Relaxation Study
  20. 10800
    “…Purified cultures contained more than 90% neurons, clustered with fetal brain messenger RNA samples by microarray criteria, and could form functional synaptic contacts. …”
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    Probing sporadic and familial Alzheimer’s disease using induced pluripotent stem cells
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