“…METHODS: In this study, the facial skin of Chenghua sows in the four developmental stages of postnatal Day 3 (D3) , Day 90 (D90) , Day 180 (D180), and Year 3 (Y3) were used as experimental materials, and RNA sequencing (RNA–seq) analysis was used to explore the changes in RNA expression in skin development at the four developmental stages, determine the differentially expressed messenger RNAs (mRNAs), long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), microRNAs (miRNAs), and circular RNAs (circRNAs), and perform functional analysis of related genes by Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses. …”
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“…Additionally, we identified target long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and microRNAs by analyzing messenger RNA (mRNA)-miRNA and miRNA-lncRNA interaction data and elucidated the potential competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) mechanism associated with SKA1. …”
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“…Quantitative real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction was performed to measure miR-1285-5p, miR-140-5p, IL-20, and high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) messenger RNA (mRNA) expression. Western blot assay was performed to detect IL-20, HMGB1, IKBα, phospho-IKBα, IKKα/β, and phospho-IKKα/β expression. …”
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“…The level of α-synuclein and tumour necrosis factor messenger RNA was measured by quantitative reverse transcription real-time polymerase chain reaction. …”
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“…Type of the first two vaccine doses included messenger RNA (mRNA), vector, and inactivated vaccines. …”
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“…(1) Background: Bile acids, known as aids in intestinal fat digestion and as messenger molecules in serum, can be detected in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), although the blood–brain barrier is generally an insurmountable obstacle for bile acids. …”
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“…All groups were examined for cell populations in the bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid and for induction of messenger RNA (mRNA) of Smad3 and Smad4 in the lung tissues by reverse transcriptase (RT)-polymerase chainreaction (PCR) on day 7. …”
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“…BACKGROUND: Guanylyl cyclases (GCs) are responsible for the production of the secondary messenger cyclic guanosine monophosphate, which plays important roles in a variety of physiological responses such as vision, olfaction, muscle contraction, homeostatic regulation, cardiovascular and nervous function. …”
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“…BACKGROUND: Alternative splicing of pre-messenger RNA results in RNA variants with combinations of selected exons. …”
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“…BACKGROUND: Messenger RNA decay is an important mechanism for controlling gene expression in all organisms. …”
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“…To identify genes involved in the export of messenger RNA from the nucleus to the cytoplasm, we used an in situ hybridization assay to screen temperature-sensitive strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. …”
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“…Dog thyroid epithelial cells in primary culture constitute a model of positive control of DNA synthesis initiation and G0-S prereplicative phase progression by cAMP as a second messenger for thyrotropin (TSH). The cAMP-dependent mitogenic pathway is unique as it is independent of mitogen-activated protein kinase activation and differs from growth factor–dependent pathways at the level of the expression of several protooncogenes/transcription factors. …”
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“…Semi- quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis carried out on freshly isolated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of the patient indicated that the levels of IL-10 messenger RNA (mRNA) expression were strongly enhanced, whereas IL-2 mRNA expression was much lower than that in PBMC of healthy donors. …”
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“…These cells also expressed IL-15R alpha messenger RNA. Sorted IL-2R beta + TCR- cells differentiated into TCR alpha beta and TCR gamma delta cells after transfer to alymphoid thymic lobes, whereas culture of the same sorted cells in cell suspension in the presence of IL-15 resulted in the generation of functional NK cells. …”
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“…They do not evidence a general alteration of this phenomenon after in vitro maturation as compared to in vivo maturation, but indicate that some individual messenger RNA can be affected.…”
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“…By reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), transgene messenger (m)RNA was present in liver, kidney, brain, lung, and spleen, but not in heart. …”
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“…One or more of these conductances may be modulated either directly by taste stimuli or indirectly by stimulus- regulated second messenger systems to give rise to stimulus-activated receptor potentials. …”
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“…To search for the potential relationship between the lack of WRN protein and PAI-1 expression, heterozygous cultures of fibroblasts (1367RC/1074LF; WRN genotype) were treated with a molecule of interference RNA against WRN messenger RNA (mRNA). RESULTS: We found that, carriers of 1367R and 1074L alleles of WRN shown to have low amounts of PAI-1 in plasma (7.56 ± 5.02), as compared with carriers of 1367C and 1074F alleles (16.09 ± 6.03). …”
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“…BACKGROUND: In the eukaryotic cell the cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA) is a key enzyme in signal transduction and represents the main target of the second messenger cAMP. Here we describe the design, synthesis and characterisation of specifically tailored cAMP analogs which can be utilised as a tool for affinity enrichment and purification as well as for proteomics based analyses of cAMP binding proteins. …”
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“…Exogenously applied arachidonic acid (AA) reproduces this profile of modulation, suggesting AA functions as a downstream messenger of M(1)Rs. In addition, techniques that diminish AA's concentration during M(1)R stimulation minimize N-current modulation. …”
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