“…Although the Asian tiger mosquito is not incriminated as an important vector of dengue, chikungunya and Zika viruses in South America, its importance in this regard has been extensively discussed since Ae. albopictus is rapidly spreading and can also migrate between sylvatic and urban environments. …”
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“…Out of these, 23 (30.7%) had hepatitis B and 34 (45.3%) had hepatitis C infections, including 9 (12%) with dual infection, 4 (5.3%) negative for both viruses, and 5 (6.7%) without established viral diagnosis. …”
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“…Here we established prototype foamyviral vectors (FVV) that are derived from apathogenic parent viruses and are characterized by a broad host range and a favorable integration pattern into the cellular genome. …”
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“…We compared age-dependent immunoglobulin G curves in repeated cross-sectional surveys between populations with differences in transmission for multiple pathogens, including: lymphatic filariasis (Wuchereria bancrofti) measured before and after mass drug administration on Mauke, Cook Islands, malaria (Plasmodium falciparum) before and after a combined insecticide and mass drug administration intervention in the Garki project, Nigeria, and enteric protozoans (Cryptosporidium parvum, Giardia intestinalis, Entamoeba histolytica), bacteria (enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp.), and viruses (norovirus groups I and II) in children living in Haiti and the USA. …”
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“…BACKGROUND: The expansion of antigen-specific CD8 T cells is important in generating an effective and long-lasting immune response to tumors and viruses. Glucocorticoid-induced tumor necrosis factor receptor family-related receptor (GITR) is a co-stimulatory receptor that binds the GITR ligand (GITRL). …”
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“…BACKGROUND: Despite the well-known fact that antibiotics (AB) are not effective against viruses, many patients ask for - and all too often doctors provide – AB for treating URTIs. …”
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“…T0 BC and plasma NGS results were compared, excluding organisms (eg, viruses) not recoverable by BC. Positive agreement was defined as plasma NGS identification of at least one isolate seen on BC. …”
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“…BACKGROUND: HCT recipients are frequently infected with respiratory viruses (RVs) in the URT; however, diagnostic evaluation of the LRT by bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) is less common. …”
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“…Unlike in observations of similar approaches for HIV and hepatitis B and C viruses, however, HCMV-infected cells develop a striking resistance to cytotoxic effector functions at later stages of the replication cycle. …”
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“…More recently, the striking clinico-pathological features of cSCCs that complicate treatment of metastatic melanoma with inhibitors targeting BRAF mutations (BRAFi) has prompted speculation concerning a pathogenic role for oncogenic viruses. Here, we investigate HPV and human polyomaviruses (HPyV) and correlate with clinical, histologic, and genetic features in BRAFi-associated cSCC. …”
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“…Compared with the age-matched UK population, patients with viral meningitis had a mean loss of 0·2 quality-adjusted life-years (SD 0·04) in that first year. INTERPRETATION: Viruses are the most commonly identified cause of meningitis in UK adults, and lead to substantial long-term morbidity. …”
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“…Our findings may improve understanding of hepatic immune responses triggered by metabolism or viruses. IMPORTANCE Drug-induced hepatitis is the leading reason that an approved drug is removed from the commercial market. …”
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“…One hundred and seventy-nine infectious episodes occurred in 55 patients, 73 (41%) within 30 days post-UCBT. Viruses caused 85 (47%) infections. HHV-6 occurred in 28 episodes, 24 of which were viremia alone, and was most common within 30 days of UCBT. …”
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“…NLRP inflammasomes in keratinocytes are interesting as these skin cells are the first living cells in the skin to contact external exogenous threats such as UV energy, chemicals, physical trauma, and bacteria and viruses. Activation of the NLRP Inflammasomes by exogenous threats results in the release of active Caspase-1 (ACasp-1), a key protease enzyme, which targets inactive forms of IL-1β, IL-18 as well as IL-1α and IL-33. …”
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“…The mean age was 57.1 years (range 19–99), 50.2% were immunocompromised, 23.8% were transplant recipients, 70.4% had respiratory symptoms, and 35.7% had an admitting diagnosis of pneumonia. 55.6% required supplemental O(2) and 24.6% had an ICU admission that required either noninvasive or mechanical ventilation. 22.6% (N = 122) of these patients were diagnosed with an RVI, of which 15 were co-infected with two or more respiratory viruses. There were 41 (34%) rhinovirus/enterovirus, 41 (34%) influenza (Types A/H1, A/H3, A/H1-2209, and B), 16 (13%) RSV, 15 (12%) coronavirus (Types NL63, OC43, 229E, and HKU1), 13 (11%) metapneumovirus, and 7 (5%) parainfluenza (Types 2, 3, and 4). 85.2% (104/122) of patients with an RVI received antibiotics. …”
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“…Neonates and infants younger than 4 months presenting with fever and suspected of having viral sepsis underwent serum and/or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) testing by real-time PCR for parechovirus-A (PeV-A) and enteroviruses (EVs), and for herpes simplex viruses, if suspected. Bacterial infection was excluded on the basis of the results of bacterial culture of blood, urine, and/or CSF. …”
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“…BACKGROUND: In vitro studies have shown that enteric viruses require the gut microbiota (specific members of the Enterobacteriaceae family) for efficient infection of the gastrointestinal tract. …”
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“…Generalised estimating equations (GEE) were used to assess associations between the outcome and patient comorbidities and disease-related characteristics, including age, sex, body mass index (BMI) hypertension, gout, diabetes mellitus, co-infections with Hepatitis B or C viruses HIV-viral load and co-variate interactions with vitamin D status defined as normal, insufficient or deficient. …”
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“…CONCLUSION: mNGS appears to have superior clinical utility to that of universal PCR for pathogen detection in CSF samples, in large part because of additional ability to detect DNA and RNA viruses. Further studies are required to determine the clinical contexts in which mNGS is likely to have maximal diagnostic yield and to better define the utility of uPCR for CNS infections. …”
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