“…Items were subjected to exploratory factor analysis to confirm unidimensionality, and the number of items was reduced using a range of a priori psychometric criteria. Two alternative approaches to scoring were undertaken, one treated “not applicable” responses as missing data, while the second adopted a problem score approach where “not applicable” was considered “no problem with care.” …”
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“…METHODS: A systematic literature search of five databases (PubMed, PsycInfo, Scopus, Medline, Web of Science) was conducted with a priori defined eligibility criteria and identified 1838 potential articles published between January 1990 and November 2017. …”
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“…BACKGROUND: Underlying coinfections may complicate infectious disease states but commonly go unnoticed because an a priori clinical suspicion is usually required so they can be detected via targeted diagnostic tools. …”
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“…Changes in personality functioning and quality of life will be investigated as secondary outcomes. A priori postulated effect moderators and mediators will be collected as well. …”
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“…This analysis was then used to complement and critique a priori educational theory regarding the mechanisms underlying PAL. …”
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“…Commonly, partitioning is done a priori based on some known properties of sequence evolution, e.g. differences in rate of evolution among codon positions of a protein-coding gene. …”
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“…MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Secondary analysis of an a priori secondary outcome of the effect of early food introduction on infant sleep using the standardized Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire. …”
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“…The primary outcome was the change from baseline to week 13 in ItchRO relative to placebo. In the a priori first analysis of the primary efficacy endpoint, the mean adjusted difference between participants receiving 140 or 280 µg/kg/day and placebo was –0.47 (95% confidence interval [CI], –1.14, 0.20; P = 0.16). …”
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“…Interviews were analysed thematically using a priori coding derived from wider literature on key accountability themes. …”
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“…Our search strategy for MEDLINE was based on MeSH (medical subject headings) terms and text words of key articles that we identified a priori. Our search identified 92 articles. After screening, we selected 24 articles for abstract review, of which only 6 met the eligibility criteria and were ultimately included in this review. …”
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“…Two abstractors reviewed 45 randomly selected charts to standardize the abstraction process and establish a priori categories for reason for presentation to the ED. …”
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“…A systematic review (SR) was conducted to summarize the global literature on adverse birth outcomes associated with gestational LD in humans. The SR followed an a priori protocol of pretested screening, risk of bias, and data extraction forms. …”
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“…Analyses of covariance (ANCOVA) were used to compare blast-exposed Veterans (mTBI+BE, n = 51) to those without BE (mTBI-BE, n = 29) on CT of frontal and temporal a priori regions of interest (ROIs). Next, multiple regression analyses were used to examine whether CT and performance on an executive functions composite differed among mTBI Veterans with low (mTBI+BE Low, n = 22) vs. high (mTBI+BE High, n = 26) levels of cumulative BE. …”
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“…OBJECTIVE: Associations were evaluated between the smartphone monitoring of health behaviors and HbA1c reductions in a patient subsample with type 2 diabetes who demonstrated clinically significant benefits after participation in a randomized controlled trial. METHODS: A priori association-rule algorithms, implemented in the C language, were applied to app-discretized use data involving three primary health behavior trackers (exercise, diet, and glucose monitoring) from 29 participants who achieved clinically significant HbA1c reductions. …”
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“…The functional analysis performed to the genetic signature obtained with the Gene-disease approach showed a significant presence of genes related with cancer, as well as one gene (IFNK) and one pseudogene (PCNAP1) which a priori had not been described to be related with cancer. …”
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“…ORs were calculated using log binomial regression models adjusted for known risk factors for each clinical syndrome selected a priori. RESULTS: Out of a total cohort of 79,092, all patients had SSI and C. difficile outcomes available and 67,729 patients had AKI outcome available. …”
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“…Here, we aim to provide a scoping review of knowledge on use of IL-1-targeting drugs in DIRA and DITRA. METHODS: An a priori protocol was published, and the study was conducted using the methodology described in the Joanna Briggs Institute Reviewer’s Manual and the recently published PRISMA Extension for Scoping Review statement. …”
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“…To analyze qualitative data, we used a priori codes and then allowed additional themes to emerge. …”
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“…This method is almost entirely absent from ASD research to date. Our a priori hypothesis was that children with ASD would present with hypoperfusion in the temporal lobes—most notably the fusiform gyrus (given its prominent role in ASD social perception deficits). …”
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“…METHODS: We used retrospective data (diagnoses 1996–2017) of the survey-based Swiss Multiple Sclerosis Registry and fitted logistic regression models (extended time to diagnosis ≥2 years from first symptoms, extended time to disease-modifying treatment initiation ≥1 year from diagnosis) with demographic and a priori defined variables. RESULTS: Our study, based on 996 persons with multiple sclerosis, suggests that 40% had an extended time to diagnosis, and extended time to disease-modifying treatment initiation was seen in 23%. …”
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