“…This review article provides an outline of the clinical features of EHF and MHF in animals, including humans, and discusses how the animal models have been developed to study pathophysiology, vaccines, and therapeutics.…”
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“…In the near future, many animal models of human-specific infections and experimental data from high-throughput techniques will become available. …”
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“…Compared to sham, OVX animals have decreased blood OSC level, while the blood PTH level increased in blood sera. …”
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“…A plethora of magnetic resonance (MR) techniques developed in the last two decades provide unique and noninvasive measurement capabilities for studies of basic brain function and brain diseases in humans. Animal model experiments have been an indispensible part of this development. …”
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“…Composting is the major technology in the treatment of animal manure and is a source of nitrous oxide, a greenhouse gas. …”
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“…In this review we summarize findings from animal and human studies that have investigated the involvement of striatal DA in cognitive flexibility. …”
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“…Calculation of sample size is one of the important component of design of any research including animal studies. If a researcher select less number of animals it may lead to missing of any significant difference even if it exist in population and if more number of animals selected then it may lead to unnecessary wastage of resources and may lead to ethical issues. …”
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“…We also describe and compare the pathological presentations, in both morphological and functional aspects, of the currently available DR animal models. The advantages and disadvantages of using different animals, ranging from zebrafish, rodents to other higher-order mammals, are also discussed. …”
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“…Thus, cell therapy of periodontium has been assessed in many animal models and promising results have been reported. …”
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“…Our systematic research in animals indicated that airway reflexes have similar resuscitation potential as gasping respiration. …”
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“…Although peroxisomes are ubiquitous organelles in all animal species, their importance for the functioning of tissues and organs remains largely unresolved. …”
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“…The certain fossil record of animals begins around 540 million years ago, close to the base of the Cambrian Period. …”
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“…Taenia asiatica is a recently described species known to cause intestinal teniasis in humans and cysticercosis in animals. This species has close morphological resemblance to Taenia saginata and has a life cycle resembling Taenia solium, hence has been posing diagnostic dilemma and had been the reason for its comparatively late discovery. …”
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“…In this review, we describe the general characteristics of HEVs isolated from humans and animals, the risk factors for human HEV infection, and the current status of human vaccine development.…”
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“…Here I address convergent evolution in plants and animals beginning at the molecular level and progressing to the organismic one.…”
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“…Listeria monocytogenes has been recognized as a food borne pathogen in humans since the 1980s, but we still understand very little about oral transmission of L. monocytogenes or the host factors that determine susceptibility to gastrointestinal infection, due to the lack of an appropriate small animal model of oral listeriosis. Early feeding trials suggested that many animals were highly resistant to oral infection, and the more reproducible intravenous or intraperitoneal routes of inoculation soon came to be favored. …”
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