“…Expressed as risk/equivalent dose in sieverts (Sv), our estimates are somewhat larger than but consistent with those for atomic bomb survivors. See video abstract at, http://links.lww.com/EDE/B232.…”
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“…DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: In this prospective clinical cohort study, 4796 Japanese atomic bomb survivors were examined in the clinic as part of a biennial health examination and research program. …”
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“…SIMPLE SUMMARY: Exposure to ionizing radiation (IR) poses risks to the expanding interest in human space exploration; in atomic bomb survivors and radiological professionals, IR exposure has been linked to GI diseases, including colon cancer. …”
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“…Conclusions: Exposure to low doses and to low dose-rates of radiation from post-Chornobyl cleanup work was associated with a significant increase in risk of leukemia, which was statistically consistent with estimates for the Japanese atomic bomb survivors. Based on the primary analysis, we conclude that CLL and non-CLL are both radiosensitive.…”
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“…Although high dose rate exposures are thought to be more dangerous than low dose rate exposures, the risk per unit of radiation dose for cancer among radiation workers was similar to estimates derived from studies of Japanese atomic bomb survivors. Quantifying the cancer risks associated with protracted radiation exposures can help strengthen the foundation for radiation protection standards. …”
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“…The Life Span Study (LSS) of Japanese atomic bomb survivors has served as the primary basis for estimates of radiation-related disease risks that inform radiation protection standards. …”
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“…The proposed airburst was larger than the 1908 explosion over Tunguska, Russia, where a ~ 50-m-wide bolide detonated with ~ 1000× more energy than the Hiroshima atomic bomb. A city-wide ~ 1.5-m-thick carbon-and-ash-rich destruction layer contains peak concentrations of shocked quartz (~ 5–10 GPa); melted pottery and mudbricks; diamond-like carbon; soot; Fe- and Si-rich spherules; CaCO(3) spherules from melted plaster; and melted platinum, iridium, nickel, gold, silver, zircon, chromite, and quartz. …”
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“…Organ-absorbed dose was instead adopted for the IARC 15-Country Collaborative study (15-Country study), the International Nuclear Workers Study (INWORKS), the Mayak worker study, and the Life Span Study (LSS) of atomic bomb survivors. The reconstruction method in J-EPISODE followed in principle the approach adopted in the 15-Country Study. …”
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“…Estimates of risk from exposure to low doses and low dose rates are often extrapolated from the Japanese atomic bomb survivor data using either linear or linear-quadratic models fitted to dose–response data. …”
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“…Robert Oppenheimer, and Edward Teller are usually those that surround the creation of the atom bomb. One name that is rarely mentioned is Leo Szilard, known in scientific circles as "father of the atom bomb." …”
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“…The discovery of the outer planets made such an impression on the minds of mankind that they were immortalized in the names of the newly discovered elements: uranium, neptunium, and plutonium, an astonishingly deadly constituent of atomic bombs. Uranus, Neptune, Pluto, and t…”
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“…Much of the information on the health effects of radiation exposure available to date comes from long-term studies of the atomic bombings in Hiroshima and Nagasaki. Accidental exposures, such as those resulting from the Chernobyl and Kyshtym accidents, have as yet provided little information concerning health effects of ionizing radiation. …”
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“…Epidemiological evidence from survivors of radiation therapy, atomic bombing, and the Chernobyl reactor accident, clearly shows that radiation exposure in childhood can cause thyroid cancer and benign thyroid nodules. …”
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“…Radiological terrorism is the use of radioactive material to cause human casualties, environmental destruction and maximum disruption, panic and fear (1) in the general population for political purposes. Since the atomic bombing of Hiroshima in 1945, with 150,000 casualties and 75,000 fatalities (2), people have feared nuclear explosives more than any other weapons of mass destruction, because of the ability of these weapons to cause immediate devastation and trauma, and because radiation, undetected by human senses, can cause ongoing morbidity and mortality, including cancer, years after exposure (3).…”
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“…Public fears have been raised concerning the project and, because of this, CERN has organised three public debates at Geneva for discussion of all aspects involved. These include atom bombs, nuclear energy, and stocking of radioactive waste material. …”
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“…It is also an "eye-witness" account of the dawning of the nuclear age, with the dialogue and narrative spanning the period before, during and after atomic bombs were dropped on Japan at the end of the war. …”
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“…The digital artist’s collaborative conceptualisation of the 1945 atomic bombings entangles a virtual and physical co-presence through its publicly networked projection. …”
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“…SIMPLE SUMMARY: In the years following World War II, scientists became very interested in the effects of radiation, especially after the atomic bombs were dropped on Japan. They started using animals like mice in their experiments to understand more about radiation. …”
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“…The development of atomic bombs under the auspices of the U. S. Army’s Manhattan Project during World War II is considered to be the outstanding news story of the twentieth century. …”
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