“…Contents: Some Fundamental definitions; Bremsstrahlung and black body; Beaming; Synchrotron emission and absorption; Compton scattering; Synchrotron Self-Compton; Pairs; Active Galactic Nuclei.…”
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“…However, when a wide-spectrum LWIR detection system calibrated with a black body is used to detect weak and small targets in the sky, FPN still appears in the image, affecting its uniformity. …”
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“…General machine backgrounds relevant for linear colliders are described: Off momentum particles from beam-gas and Compton scattering on black body radiation, beam-tails, muons and synchrotron radiation. …”
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“…Deviations from the expected black-body spectrum and the effects of time delays and stochastic fluctuations in the propagation of cosmic microwave background photons are negligible, as are their effects on observable spectral lines from high-redshift astrophysical objects.…”
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“…At large distances the heat transfer can be described by black body radiation, at shorter distances evanescent modes start to contribute, and at separations comparable to inter-atomic spacing the transition to heat conduction should take place. …”
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“…The temperature is increased appreciably; consequently, the black body radiation in the visible range turns orange. …”
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“…Interesting H- beam loss mechanisms include residual gas stripping, H+ capture and acceleration, field stripping, black-body radiation and the recently discovered intra-beam stripping mechanism. …”
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“…However, current conversion efficiency of chemical energy to light is very low, limited by the competing process of heat dissipation released as black body radiation. From a fundamental point of view, the direct conversion of chemical energy into light without this detour is possible. …”
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“…The book covers basic ideas of Heat and Thermodynamics, Kinetic Theory and Transport Phenomena, Real Gases, Liquafaction and Production and Measurement of very Low Temperatures, The First Law of Thermodynamics, The Second and Third Laws of Thermodynamics and Heat Engines and Black Body Radiation. KEY FEATURES Emphasis on concepts Contains 145 illustrations (drawings), 9 Tables and 48 solved examples At the end of chapter exercises and objective questions…”
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“…The transition from the inflationary era to the radiation era was originally called reheating, and we now understand that it may consist of three different stages: preheating, in which the homogeneous inflaton field decays coherently into bosonic waves (scalars and/or vectors) with large occupation numbers; backreaction and rescattering, in which different energy bands get mixed; and finally decoherence and thermalization, in which those waves break up into particles that thermalize and acquire a black body spectrum at a certain temperature. These three stages are non-perturbative, non-linear and out of equilibrium, and we are just beginning to understand them. …”
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“…The author demonstrates that the black body radiation law can be deduced from maximal entropy principles; discusses sufficient condi…”
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“…Upon calibration, all systems demonstrated significant improvement in measured surface temperatures when compared against a temperature modulated black body target. The laboratory calibration process used a series of calibrated resistance temperature detectors to measure the temperature of a black body at different ambient temperatures to derive calibration equations for the thermal data acquired by the three sensors. …”
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“…The thermodynamical picture of a hot lump of hadronic matter ('clusters', high-density gluonic clouds and especially suitable cases of hydrodynamical theories of Heisenberg and Landau) naturally leads to direct production of gamma quanta ('black-body radiation') and-in the next order in e/sup 2/-of lepton pairs. …”
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“…Divided into five parts, with most chapters corresponding to a two-hour lecture, the book begins with a unique account of the historical development from Kirchhoff's law for the black-body radiation to Planck's quantum hypothesis and Einstein's discovery of spontaneous emission - providing all the explicit proofs. …”
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“…We study an atom with finitely many energy levels in contact with a heat bath consisting of photons (black body radiation) at a temperature $T >0$. The dynamics of this system is described by a Liouville operator, or thermal Hamiltonian, which is the sum of an atomic Liouville operator, of a Liouville operator describing the dynamics of a free, massless Bose field, and a local operator describing the interactions between the atom and the heat bath. …”
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“…The introduction of dsCHSA caused “Half ecdysis” and “Black body” type lethal phenotypes and a significant reduction in larval body weight. …”
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“…Our systematic study reveals that VO(2) thin films with just one layer 80 nm thick has the potential to develop completely different dynamic tuning of infrared radiation, enabling both black-body emission suppression and as well as mirror emissivity boosting, in the same single layer device. …”
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“…Averaged over hours the oscillator is in thermal equilibrium with black-body photons in the cavity. At 80 mK, quantum jumps occur only when resonant microwave photons are introduced into the cavity, opening a route to improved measurements of the magnetic moments of the electron and positron. …”
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“…The dielectron continuum is extremely rich in physics sources: on top of ordinary Dalitz and resonance decays of pseudoscalar and vector mesons, thermal black-body radiation is of particular interest as it carries information about the temperature of the hot and dense system created in such collisions. …”
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“…Results of application and validation of this particular procedure with equipment, including black body (BB) sources normally used in radiation thermometry calibration laboratories in the industrial field, are shown.…”
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