“…We generated induced excitatory neurons (iNeurons, iNs) from chimpanzee, bonobo, and human stem cells by expressing the transcription factor neurogenin-2 (NGN2). …”
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“…The evolutionary conservation of iGb3S in humans, chimpanzee, and bonobo seems to be the result of proximity to genes with important biological functions.…”
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“…Here, we investigate signatures of adaptive introgression within the bonobo-like haplotypes in chimpanzees using site frequency spectrum-based tests. …”
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“…Our climatic data showed a decreasing trend in precipitation across the 15 years of study. We found bonobo nests to have longer decay times in recent years. …”
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“…METHODS: To better understand these processes at the behavioral and brain level, we asked human participants to categorize vocalizations of four primate species including human, great apes (chimpanzee and bonobo), and monkey (rhesus macaque) during MRI acquisition. …”
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“…Similarities in the form and function of many gestures produced by the chimpanzee, bonobo, and human child suggest that shared non-verbal skills may underlie shared symbolic capacities. …”
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“…We estimated the sizes (copy number) of nine Y ampliconic gene families in population samples of chimpanzee, bonobo, and orangutan with droplet digital polymerase chain reaction, combined these estimates with published data for human and gorilla, and produced genome-wide testis gene expression data for great apes. …”
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“…Herein, we reviewed the recent progress in evolutionary comparative genomic studies of the existing great ape species, including human, chimpanzee, bonobo, gorilla, and orangutan. We elaborate discovery on evolutionary history, natural selection, structural variations, and new genes of these species, which is informative for understanding the origin of human-specific phenotypes.…”
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“…We find that the bonobo and chimpanzee appear to have undergone a clear split, whereas the divergence processes of the gorilla and orang-utan species occurred over several hundred thousands years with gene flow stopping quite recently. …”
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“…Analyzing this dataset, we found that the genus Pan, which includes chimpanzee and bonobo, experienced accelerated substitution rates. …”
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“…Assessment of interspecies compatibility using a bonobo (Pan paniscus) and modern human subject resulted in minimal differences for the bonobo but large differences for the modern human. …”
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“…Here we collected data on the whole-genome abundance of mono-, di-, and trinucleotide STRs in nine species, encompassing rodents and primates, including rat, mouse, olive baboon, gelada, macaque, gorilla, chimpanzee, bonobo, and human. The collected data were used to analyze hierarchical clustering of the STR abundances in the selected species. …”
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“…Our results suggest that BPY2 transcripts and predicted proteins in several great ape species (bonobo and the two orangutans) have independent evolutionary origins and are not homologous to human reference transcripts and proteins. …”
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“…Using a naturalistic video database, we examined whether gestures scaffold the symbolic development of a language-enculturated chimpanzee, a language-enculturated bonobo, and a human child during the second year of life. …”
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“…Second, our results suggest that BPY2 transcripts and proteins originate from separate genomic regions in bonobo versus human, which is possibly facilitated by acquiring new promoters. …”
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“…A male worm discharged naturally from a wild bonobo (Pan paniscus) in Congo was also examined for comparison. …”
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“…We found larger nesting clusters and decreased attacks on outgroup competitors in the Bonobo condition versus the Chimpanzee condition, suggesting a significant effect of feeding competition alone on social structure. …”
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“…Recent studies in wild-living apes in Africa have revealed that P.falciparum, the most deadly form of human malaria, is not only human-host restricted as previously believed and its phylogenetic lineage is much more complex with new species identified in gorilla, bonobo and chimpanzee. Although less impressive, new data on biology of P.malariae, P.ovale and P.vivax are also emerging and will be briefly discussed in this review.…”
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“…In this comprehensive review, we examine these cell lines originating from marmoset, cynomolgus macaque, rhesus macaque, pig-tailed macaque, Japanese macaque, African green monkey, baboon, chimpanzee, bonobo, gorilla, and orangutan. We outline the methodologies implemented for their establishment, the culture protocols for their long-term maintenance, and their basic molecular characterization. …”
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