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“…What does that mean? It means that, as conscious creatures, we no longer were an unproblematic, harmonious part of the world around us. …”
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“…The integrated information theory (IIT) is one of the most influential scientific theories of consciousness. It functions as a guiding framework for a great deal of research into the neural basis of consciousness and for attempts to develop a consciousness meter. …”
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“…One of the greatest challenges of consciousness research is to understand the relationship between consciousness and its implementing substrate. …”
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“…However, it is yet unknown how swiftly prior knowledge impacts the neural processes giving rise to conscious experience. Here we used an experimental paradigm where prior knowledge augmented perception and measured the timing of this effect with magnetoencephalography (MEG). …”
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“…Behavioral diagnosis of global disorders of consciousness is difficult and errors in diagnosis occur often. …”
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“…These results suggest that the hypnotic manipulation of visuospatial attention did produce an experiential change in Highs, but not one that could be mapped onto interference at a single (conscious or unconscious) level of processing. Rather, we posit that Highs simultaneously displayed (i) a fluctuation in awareness of peripheral targets coherent with the suggestion and (ii) a control strategy that involved removing hypnotically unattended targets from the task set whenever task instructions would allow for it. …”
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“…This study describes the case of an 86-year-old woman with acute pancreatitis and consciousness disturbance caused by hyperparathyroidism and hypercalcemia, respectively. …”
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“…The isolated forearm technique (IFT) allows us to assess consciousness by verbal command to move isolated hand. …”
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“…When patients present with transient loss of consciousness without headache and head computed tomography is performed, clinicians should pay attention to cortical high densities as convexity subarachnoid hemorrhage can be a differential diagnosis.…”
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“…This article applies the free energy principle to the hard problem of consciousness. After clarifying some philosophical issues concerning functionalism, it identifies the elemental form of consciousness as affect and locates its physiological mechanism (an extended form of homeostasis) in the upper brainstem. …”
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“…In some cases, despite vigilance improvement, disorders of consciousness (DoC) persist. Several states of impaired consciousness have been defined, according to whether the patient exhibits only reflexive behaviors as in the vegetative state/unresponsive wakefulness syndrome (VS/UWS) or purposeful behaviors distinct from reflexes as in the minimally conscious state (MCS). …”
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“…Most experiments in consciousness research assume that awareness is a dichotomous 'either/or' phenomenon. …”
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“…In previous studies it has been shown that the activity of the default mode network (DMN) areas, particularly of its key region—the angular gyrus—is positively correlated with the level of consciousness. Our study aimed to explore the effect of rTMS of the angular gyrus as a new approach for disorders of consciousness (DOC) treatment; Methods: A 10-session 2-week high-frequency rTMS protocol was delivered over the left angular gyrus in 38 DOC patients with repeated neurobehavioral assessments obtained at baseline and in 2 days after the stimulation course was complete; Results: 20 Hz-rTMS over left angular gyrus improved the coma recovery scale revised (CRS-R) total score in minimally conscious state (MCS) patients. …”
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“…Depending on the anesthetic agent and dose, it may produce different consciousness states including a complete absence of subjective experience (unconsciousness), a conscious experience without perception of the environment (disconnected consciousness, like during dreaming), or episodes of oriented consciousness with awareness of the environment (connected consciousness). …”
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“…Due to the complex situation of disorder of consciousness (DOC) patients, the assessment of conscious states of these patients has become a huge challenge for a long time (Laureys et al., 2010). …”
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“…It is argued that this “hard problem” of consciousness research cannot be solved by only considering the neuronal underpinnings of cognition. …”
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“…What is the biological advantage of having consciousness? Functions of consciousness have been elusive due to the subjective nature of consciousness and ample empirical evidence showing the presence of many nonconscious cognitive performances in the human brain. …”
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