“…In the light of those proposals, these two properties appear to be the minimal necessary components for the emergence of conscious experience—a Minimal Unifying Model of consciousness.…”
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“…Conscious experience can be treated as a complex unified whole, but to do so is problematic from an evolutionary perspective if, like other products of evolution, consciousness had simple beginnings, and achieved complexity only secondarily over an extended period of time as new categories of subjective experience were added and refined. …”
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“…This paper sought to understand how and to what extent would awareness training about the levels of consciousness in AD influence the quality-of-life interactions in the caregiver-patient dyad. …”
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“…Since this does not apply to any of the field theories, or any other neural theory, of consciousness, their explanatory power is limited. As discussed in detail herein, the matter is complicated further by the facts than any scientifically operational definition of consciousness is inevitably partial, and that the phenomenon has no spatial dimensionality. …”
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“…For more than two decades, research focusing on both clinical and non-clinical populations has suggested a key role for specific regions in the regulation of self-conscious emotions. It is speculated that both the expression and the interpretation of self-conscious emotions are critical in humans for action planning and response, communication, learning, parenting, and most social encounters. …”
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“…Objectives: In this retrospective study, we investigated how spasticity developed in patients diagnosed with a prolonged DOC over an almost two-year observation period (21 months), and how it related to the patients’ age, gender, time since injury, etiology, level of consciousness, and anti-spastic medications. Methods: In total, 19 patients with a severe brain injury and prolonged DOC admitted to a long-term care facility were included in this study (14 male, age: 45.8 ± 15.3 years, 10 traumatic brain injury, 1.01 ± 0.99 years after brain injury, 11 minimally conscious state vs. 8 vegetative state). …”
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“…Consciousness can be defined by two components: arousal (wakefulness) and awareness (subjective experience). …”
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“…Electroencephalography (EEG), easily deployed at the bedside, is an attractive modality for deriving quantitative biomarkers of prognosis and differential diagnosis in severe brain injury and disorders of consciousness (DOC). Prior work by Schiff has identified four dynamic regimes of progressive recovery of consciousness defined by the presence or absence of thalamically‐driven EEG oscillations. …”
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“…All the entropy measures indicated that differences found in the theta and alpha bands can distinguish patients in a minimal consciousness state (MCS) with respect to those in a vegetative state/unresponsive wakefulness state (VS/UWS). …”
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“…To this end, we observed 80 surgical patients (female 39, male 41, American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status score I ∼ II) to access the appropriate dose of propofol for inducing loss of consciousness (LOC). Accordingly, patients were subdivided into group A (20 patients, 45–64 years), group B (20 patients, 65–74 years), group C (20 patients, 75–84 years), and group D (20 patients, ≥ 85 years). …”
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“…One of the great frontiers of consciousness science is understanding how early consciousness arises in the development of the human infant. …”
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“…Identification rates revealed that participants recognized words and shapes when presented for 17 ms at a rate of only 6% and 7%, which is poor enough to assume an overall lack of conscious recognition. Analysis of EEG data revealed two time points of interest, one at 210 ms and the other at 280 ms post stimulus onset. …”
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“…The promotion of recovery in patients who have entered a disorder of consciousness (DOC; e.g., coma or vegetative states) following severe brain injury remains an enduring medical challenge despite an ever-growing scientific understanding of these conditions. …”
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“…The 2018 practice guideline on disorders of consciousness marks an important turning point in the care of patients with severe brain injury. …”
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“…Effective treatment and accurate long-term prognostication of patients with disorders of consciousness (DOC) remain pivotal clinical issues and challenges in neuroscience. …”
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“…BACKGROUND: The study of consciousness has always been considered a challenge for neonatologists, even more when considering the uterine period. …”
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