“…Correlates of condomless anal sex have been well-studied in developed countries, but they have received less attention in lower-to-middle income countries (LMIC), where MSM are often subject to stigma, discrimination, intolerance, and even the criminalization of same sex behavior. In Mexico, a LMIC where traditional views on homosexuality are common, HIV prevalence among MSM is high (16.9%), yet little research has been conducted on the correlates of condomless anal sex in this high-risk population. …”
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“…Gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (GBMSM) are highly stigmatized and male–male sex is often criminalized in sub-Saharan Africa, impeding access to quality care for sexual health, HIV prevention, and treatment. …”
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“…Some indicators, such as the age and sex of the farmer, material deprivation index, number of farms and animals, micro-criminality index, and rate of reported thefts were common to ASF, CA, trichinellosis, and CE cases. …”
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“…BACKGROUND: Several studies reported that history of alcohol use among prisoners is higher than the prevalence in the general population. Criminality is found to be associated with alcohol use disorder (AUD) in previous studies. …”
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“…Barriers entailed: 1) restrictions to accessing legal protection, 2) legislative barriers such as the criminalization of same-sex sexual relations, 3) few designated entry points, 4) poor or nonexistent referral systems, 5) lack of community awareness-raising and engagement, 6) limited staff capacity, 7) negative provider attitudes and practices, 8) social stigma, 9) limited knowledge (at the individual level), 10) self-stigma, and 11) low formal help-seeking behaviors. …”
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“…Adverse outcomes were retrieved from national registers in emerging adulthood (median follow‐up time = 9.2 years), including diagnoses of six psychiatric disorders, prescriptions of antidepressants, suicide attempts, criminality, high school ineligibility, and social welfare recipiency. …”
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“…Participants asked healthcare institutions to use their power to change laws that criminalize substance use and houselessness, and build healthcare systems that take better care of people with addiction and mental health conditions. …”
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“…A syndemic model of joint effects, adducing a four-component latent variable (psychotic experiences and anxiety, substance dependence, high-risk sexual behaviour and violence and criminality) showed synergy between components and explained persistent disparities in psychotic experiences. …”
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“…RESULTS: Participants identified 73 unique statements to complete the focus prompt: “I would feel safe going to the doctor if …” The final model consisted of 8 clusters that cover a wide range of topics, from being treated with respect and not being red-flagged for substance use, to preserving confidentiality, advocacy for good care and systems change, and appropriate accommodations for anxiety and the effects of poverty and criminalization. CONCLUSIONS: Developing a definition of safe care (from the patient perspective) is the necessary first step in creating space for positive interactions and, in turn, improve care processes. …”
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“…These laws vary considerably from one country to another, ranging from full legal recognition to criminalization. The psychological consequences of living in an ambiguous or hostile legal climate likely interfere with parental health, family functioning, and child development. …”
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“…The key factors in the fight against crime and criminals are identifying the perpetrators of cyber-crime and understanding the methods of attack. …”
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“…Future research on the impact of policy changes to reduce the criminalization of substance use or to provide explicit legal frameworks for the provision of this and other harm reduction services may be merited.…”
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“…BACKGROUND: Although cannabis use is common in France, it is still criminalized. Cannabidiol (CBD) products, including CBD-rich cannabis, are legally available. …”
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“…In what involves the Brazilian health system, abortion is criminalized and often performed illegally. Furthermore, pregnancy, childbirth, and the postpartum period are highly medicalized. …”
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“…Across UK jurisdictions, new legislation aims to extend the criminalization of domestic abuse to include coercive control. …”
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“…Among these are work-based violence and substance use, which are potentiated by the criminalization of sex work and structural vulnerability. …”
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“…Kenya’s Penal Code still criminalizes consensual same-sex activities and may play a role in perpetuating barriers that prohibit them from making healthier choices. …”
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“…BACKGROUND: Gender–based violence is a major public health concern arising from the structural discrimination of women and girls. In 2014, Ecuador criminalized acts of femicide in response to a growing crisis across the region. …”
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“…However, due to the physiological dependence and physical risk of opioids, drug policies that criminalize addiction, societal stigma, and the barriers to timely access of harm reduction, treatment, and recovery services, opioid users often become trapped in a distressing and dangerous cycle. …”
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“…This led to significantly higher drug prices for PWUD due to the time dedication and criminalized risks associated with drug possession and trafficking. …”
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