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  1. 28221
    “…BACKGROUND: Following global pledges to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by 30% by 2030 compared to the baseline level of 2020, improved quantification of GHG emissions from developing countries has become crucial. However, national GHG inventories in most Sub-Saharan African countries use default (Tier I) emission factors (EF(S)) generated by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) to estimate enteric CH(4) emissions from animal agriculture. …”
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    Enteric methane emission factors of smallholder dairy farming systems across intensification gradients in the central highlands of Ethiopia
  2. 28222
    “…OBJECTIVE: Literature on the genotypic spectrum of Infantile Epileptic Spasms Syndrome (IESS) in children is scarce in developing countries. This multicentre collaboration evaluated the genotypic and phenotypic landscape of genetic IESS in Indian children. …”
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    Landscape of genetic infantile epileptic spasms syndrome—A multicenter cohort of 124 children from India
  3. 28223
    “…The quality of emergency medical services remains a major public health issue in developing countries in terms of access, availability, or timely delivery, owing to high socio-economic and ethnic disparities. …”
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    Examining district-level disparity and determinants of timeliness of emergency medical services in Maharashtra, India
  4. 28224
    “…However, many sessions of treatment and its cost make it inconvenient for those who seek treatment, especially in large cities as well as in developing countries. METHODS: A total of 22 patients (out of initial 24 referrals) who met diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, 4(th) edition (DSM IV) criteria for MDD were enrolled in the study. …”
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    Pattern of Compliance and Efficacy of Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Protocol for Treating Major Depressive Disorder Among Treatment Participants and Completers: A Report From Iran
  5. 28225
    “…The obesity epidemic is responsible for a substantial economic burden in developed countries and is a major risk factor for type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. …”
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    Genome-Wide Association Scan Shows Genetic Variants in the FTO Gene Are Associated with Obesity-Related Traits
  6. 28226
    “…Because wP were found to be reactogenic, in most developed countries they have been replaced by acellular vaccines (aP). …”
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    The role of Toll-like receptor-4 in pertussis vaccine-induced immunity
  7. 28227
    “…BACKGROUND: Tropical calcific pancreatitis (TCP) is a type of chronic pancreatitis unique to developing countries in tropical regions and one of its important features is invariable progression to diabetes, a condition called fibro-calculous pancreatic diabetes (FCPD), but the nature of diabetes in TCP is controversial. …”
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    TCF7L2 gene polymorphisms do not predict susceptibility to diabetes in tropical calcific pancreatitis but may interact with SPINK1 and CTSB mutations in predicting diabetes
  8. 28228
    “…BACKGROUND: Delays seeking care increase transmission of pulmonary tuberculosis and hence the burden of tuberculosis, which remains high in developing countries. This study investigates patterns of health seeking behavior and determines risk factors for delayed patient consultation at public health facilities in 10 districts of Ethiopia. …”
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    Delayed consultation among pulmonary tuberculosis patients: a cross sectional study of 10 DOTS districts of Ethiopia
  9. 28229
    “…Although observation suggests that tobacco consumption is a major risk factor for deaths due to circulatory, pulmonary, and malignant diseases, such studies are not available from most populations in developing countries. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: For the period 1999–2001, we studied the randomly selected records of death of 2222 (1385 men and 837 women) decedents, aged 25–64 years, out of 3034 death records overall from the records at Municipal Corporation, Moradabad. …”
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    Tobacco consumption in relation to causes of death in an urban population of north India
  10. 28230
    “…BACKGROUND: Smoking is one of the leading causes of premature death particularly in developing countries. The prevalence of smoking is high among the general male population in Bangladesh. …”
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    Prevalence and correlates of smoking among urban adult men in Bangladesh: slum versus non-slum comparison
  11. 28231
    “…BACKGROUND: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a leading cause of cancer-related morbidity and mortality in developed countries. It is known that early detection results in improved survival, and consequently there is a need for improved diagnostic tools in CRC. …”
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    Intact and cleaved forms of the urokinase receptor enhance discrimination of cancer from non-malignant conditions in patients presenting with symptoms related to colorectal cancer
  12. 28232
    “…BACKGROUND: Shigella flexneri is one of the causative agents of shigellosis, a major cause of childhood mortality in developing countries. Multilocus variable-number tandem repeat (VNTR) analysis (MLVA) is a prominent subtyping method to resolve closely related bacterial isolates for investigation of disease outbreaks and provide information for establishing phylogenetic patterns among isolates. …”
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    Multilocus variable-number tandem repeat analysis for molecular typing and phylogenetic analysis of Shigella flexneri
  13. 28233
    “…In some regions, such as Australasia, GCs in 2005 are as low as 11%, while in some developing countries, such as Thailand, they are greater than 50%. …”
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    Algorithms for enhancing public health utility of national causes-of-death data
  14. 28234
    “…Most of these deaths occurred in developing countries, but little is known about poor mothers' care-seeking behaviors for their children. …”
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    Changing poor mothers' care-seeking behaviors in response to childhood illness: findings from a cross-sectional study in Granada, Nicaragua
  15. 28235
    “…The CE classification of an intervention was reported separately by country setting (U.S. or other developed countries) if CE varied by where the intervention was implemented. …”
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    Cost-Effectiveness of Interventions to Prevent and Control Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review
  16. 28236
    “…It is important that the technique becomes available also in less developed countries when the cost of consumables will be reduced.…”
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    The use of array-CGH in a cohort of Greek children with developmental delay
  17. 28237
    “…BACKGROUND: Many countries are facing the burden of accelerated population aging and a lack of institutional support to meet the needs of older individuals. In developing countries, adult children are primarily responsible for the care of their elderly parents. …”
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    Impact of children's migration on health and health care-seeking behavior of elderly left behind
  18. 28238
    “…DISCUSSION: The acute hospital sector comprises the largest component of health care system expenditure in developed countries, and older adults are the most frequent consumers. …”
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    A randomised controlled trial to prevent hospital readmissions and loss of functional ability in high risk older adults: a study protocol
  19. 28239
    “…CONCLUSION: Preventive vitamin A supplementation reduces all-cause and diarrhea specific mortality in children 6-59 months of age in community settings in developing countries.…”
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    Impact of vitamin A supplementation on infant and childhood mortality
  20. 28240
    “…It is estimated to cause approximately 33.8 million new episodes of ALRI in children annually, 96% of these occurring in developing countries. It is also estimated to result in about 53,000 to 199,000 deaths annually in young children. …”
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    An evaluation of the emerging interventions against Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV)-associated acute lower respiratory infections in children
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