“…High levels of population differentiation at this locus and the reported absence of the derived 482Ser allele in some Melanesian populations, can alternatively be explained by multiple out-of-Africa migrations by ancestral progenitors, and subsequent genetic drift during colonisation of Polynesia. Intermediate 482Ser allele frequencies in extant Western Polynesian populations could therefore be due to recent admixture with Melanesian progenitors. …”
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“…The ratio obtained experimentally between the pressure inside the pressure cushion and the 8 N applied load deviated by only 1.28% from the FEM. A drift smaller than 1% was observed over 10 cycles. …”
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“…This is an alternative to the scenario where evolution is mostly driven by drift (Silvertown, J Ecol 92: 168–173, 2004; Silvertown et al., J Ecol 93: 653–657, 2005). …”
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“…These findings show that even within a single family of viruses, drift in sequence can result in the acquisition of radically new functional properties that enhance viral fitness.…”
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“…BACKGROUND: Population genetic diversity and structure are determined by past and current evolutionary processes, among which spatially limited dispersal, genetic drift, and shifts in species distribution boundaries have major effects. …”
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“…RESULTS: Five main findings emerged from our research: (1) Unbeknownst to most key informants, there was neither consistency nor clarity over time among QBP designers in their understanding of the original goal(s) for hospital funding reform; (2) Prior to implementation, the intended hospital funding mechanism transitioned from ABF to QBPs, but most key informants were either unaware of the transition or believe it was intentional; (3) Perception of the primary goal(s) of the policy reform continues to vary within and across all levels of key informants; (4) Four years into implementation, the QBP funding mechanism remains misunderstood; and (5) Ongoing differences in understanding of QBP goals and funding mechanism have created challenges with implementation and difficulties in measuring success. CONCLUSIONS: Policy drift and policy layering affected both the goal and the mechanism of action of hospital funding reform. …”
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“…In Experiment 1 the effect of grating-drift and feedback on performance was also examined. …”
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“…These reference samples can be used in proficiency tests or as process controls that allow a laboratory to evaluate and optimize its measurement systems, monitor performance over time (process drift), assess changes in protocols, reagents, and/or personnel, maintain standard operating procedures, and most importantly, provide evidence for quality results. …”
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“…Despite the high gene flow and the weak population structure among samples, the significant genetic differences found suggest that gene flow alone does not bypass the effects of genetic drift, natural selection and/or human exploitation. …”
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“…Smaller estimates of N(e) indicate that an introduced effector transgene will be more susceptible to genetic drift but to ensure that it is driven to fixation a robust gene drive mechanism will likely be needed. …”
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“…Individuals’ microbial communities were highly personalized, and although they exhibited some drift in membership and levels over time, that difference was always smaller than the differences between any two subjects, even after 1 year. …”
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“…IMPORTANCE Seasonal influenza is a serious public health problem because the viral infection spreads easily from person to person and because of antigenic drift in neutralizing epitopes. Influenza vaccination is the most effective way to prevent the disease, although challenging because of the constant evolution of influenza virus subtypes. …”
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“…Provider training in theory and content will be consistent between groups with monitoring plans in place such as expert auditing of calls to ensure potential drift is addressed. Delivery of treatment will be monitored through the study website and training will focus on avoiding cross-contamination between conditions. …”
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“…CONCLUSIONS: Classic immunology principles indicate this anti-self glycan IgG/IgM discordance should not occur in an antibody response; its unusual presence is discussed within the “binding site drift hypothesis” context, where anti-self glycan IgG antibodies could originate from pre-existing IgG recognizing structurally-related non-self glycans. …”
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“…BACKGROUND: In response to immune pressure, influenza virus evolves, producing drifted variants capable of escaping immune recognition. …”
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“…In the present study, the complete genomes of 12 H6N2 viruses isolated from various farming systems between September 2015 and February 2019 in three major chicken-producing regions were analysed and a serological experiment was used to demonstrate the effects of antigenic mismatch in diagnostic tests. RESULTS: Genetic drift in H6N2 continued and antigenic diversity in sub-lineage I is increasing; no sub-lineage II viruses were detected. …”
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“…Instead, the data support a major role of genetic drift in modeling the micro-geographic stratification of virus strains across the country as well as the role of SARS-CoV-2 super-spreaders.…”
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“…This search may lead drones to return to their colony, drift to other colonies (vectoring diseases and parasites), or simply get lost to predation. …”
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“…Using 603 SNPs within 25 genes clinically associated with RA-comorbid disorders, we predicted 84 and 70 candidate SNP markers for overexpression and underexpression of these genes, respectively, among which 58 and 96 candidate SNP markers, respectively, can relieve and worsen RA as if there is a neutral drift toward susceptibility to RA. Similarly, we predicted natural selection toward susceptibility to RA for 8 immunostimulatory genes (e.g., IL9R) and 10 genes most often associated with RA (e.g., NPY). …”
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“…An imposed order effect, sham rTMS first, eliminated drift of active treatment into the placebo condition. …”
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