“…However, antigenic characterization of the 2017 circulating A(H3N2) viruses using ferret antisera did not show significant antigenic drift. We analyzed the hemagglutinin amino acid sequences of A(H3N2) virus circulating in Hong Kong in 2017, and found that viruses with hemagglutinin N121K substitution, which was rare before 2017, emerged rapidly and dominated in 2017 (52.4% of A[H3N2] virus in 2017 contains N121K substitution). …”
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“…In contrast, other two varieties (M. itinerans var. chinensis and M. itinerans var. guangdongensis) diverged only 3.8 kya in the Anthropocene; this may be a consequence of genetic drift rather than a speciation event. CONCLUSION: Our results showed that the M. itinerans species complex harbours high cryptic species diversity. …”
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“…However, their ultra-small size could hinder large-scale field application due to potential for drift, untimely dissolution or aggregation. In this study, urea was coated with ZnO-NPs (1%) or bulk ZnO (2%) and evaluated in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in a greenhouse, under drought (40% field moisture capacity; FMC) and non-drought (80% FMC) conditions, in comparison with urea not coated with ZnO (control), and urea with separate ZnO-NP (1%) or bulk ZnO (2%) amendment. …”
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“…CONCLUSIONS: We identified a movement syndrome trade-off for population genetic variation, whereby bold-explorers could be saviours - by connecting populations and promoting panmixia, or sinks - by increasing genetic losses via a ‘founder takes all’ effect, whereas shy-stayers maintain a more gradual genetic drift due to their more cautious behaviour. Simulations should incorporate movement behaviour to provide better projections of long-term population viability and within-species biodiversity, which includes genetic diversity. …”
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“…In line with the social drift hypothesis, disability and bad health status being associated with poor socioeconomic status, affected individuals frequently collected donations for their living expenses. …”
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“…The incidence of catheter tip peritoneal drift (catheter migration) in the three groups was 27.3 %, 39.1 %, and 9.1 %, respectively, with no significant difference between groups (P = 0.069). …”
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“…Our comprehensive genetic analysis and protein-protein binding study show that the genetic evolution of SARS-CoV-2 on the RBD, which may be regulated by host gene editing, viral proofreading, random genetic drift, and natural selection, gives rise to more infectious variants that will potentially compromise existing vaccines and antibody therapies.…”
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“…AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: The incidence of type 1 diabetes is increasing more rapidly than can be explained by genetic drift. Viruses may play an important role in the disease, as they seem to activate the 2′-5′-linked oligoadenylate (2′-5′A) pathway of the innate antiviral immune system. …”
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“…Rather, our results suggest that microbiota dispersal and ecological drift are integral to shaping the inter-environmental differences we observed. …”
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“…Selfing C. coenobialis can maintain high genetic diversity (H = 0.251; I = 0.382) through genetic differentiation (G(ST) = 0.5915; F(ST) = 0.663), which is intensified by local adaptation and neutral mutation and/or genetic drift in local populations at a microgeographic scale. …”
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“…Low to moderate genetic differentiation also occurred among populations despite a common genomic background, likely due to geographical barriers, genetic drift, and differential selection pressure of distinct environments. …”
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“…Thus, insights into changes in allele frequency, adequate population size, gene flow and drift are essential. However, observing such effects often involves a trade-off between costs and resolution when a large sample of genotypes for many loci is analysed. …”
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“…Overall, these findings indicate that LSDVs are subjected to accelerated evolutionary changes due to recombination in the face of homologous live attenuated vaccines as well as the slow genetic drift commonly observed in capripoxviruses curculatign in the field with hardly any genetic changes over decades. …”
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“…In this study, we were able to identify 15 HA mutations that were potentially relevant to viral antigenic drift, and we also found that a key amino acid mutation, A180V, at position 180 in HA (the numbering for mature H9 HA), the only site of the receptor binding sites that is not conserved, was directly responsible for viral antigenic variation. …”
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“…We propose the clades arose from the migration and worldwide radiation ~ 140 Mya (million years ago) of an ancestral Gondwanan Phytophthora population, resulting in geographic isolation and clade divergence through drift on the diverging continents combined with adaptation to local hosts, climatic zones and habitats. …”
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“…Significant genetic differentiation and isolation by distance patterns were observed at both spatial scales, indicating that gene flow is not strong enough to counteract the effects of population bottlenecks, high selfing rates and genetic drift. Remarkably, the population genetic differentiation on a regional scale (i.e. within Senegal) was as large as that between populations on an inter-regional scale. …”
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“…BACKGROUND: 2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxy acetic acid-Na (MPCA-Na) is a phenoxy carboxylic acid selective hormone herbicide that is widely used in the crop fields. However, drift of MPCA-Na during application is highly damaging to cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) and other crop plants. …”
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“…Larger animals with their lower effective population sizes and subsequent less effective selection relative to drift may have more deleterious mutations, reducing maximal performance and metabolic rates. …”
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“…The basic concept is a first principles MC simulation, using electric fields extracted from a TCAD simulation to model the charge carrier drift. That is, the more complex part is handled by a TCAD simulation while preserving the speed of a MC simulation with only one free parameter. …”
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“…The transition magnitude is decreasing as a function of energy, which was predicated by solar modulation models that incorporate drift effects. This novel dataset allows one to build sophisticated models of solar modulation that can predict the time-dependence of both the electron and positron flux in future. …”
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