“…In studies of PTSD, faces with negative expressions are often used as threat stimuli, yet angry and fearful facial expressions may elicit different responses. …”
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“…Numerous studies have investigated the mechanisms of conditioned fear memory and have led to the identification of the underlying processes involved in fear memory regulation, including cellular and systems consolidation of fear conditioning, destabilization/reconsolidation and extinction after fear memory retrieval, and forgetting of fear memory. …”
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“…RATIONALE: The experience of strong traumata leads to the formation of enduring fear memories that may degenerate into post-traumatic stress disorder. …”
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“…BACKGROUND: Focal seizures with fear as a primary ictal manifestation, their diagnostic challenges, and impact on quality of life are well described in human medicine. …”
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“…It is generally believed that fear is rapidly triggered by a distinct cue while anxiety onset is less precise and not associated with a distinct cue. …”
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“…The bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BNST) has been implicated in conditioned fear and anxiety, but the specific factors that engage the BNST in defensive behaviors are unclear. …”
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“…By dividing the ratings of valence/arousal/dominance emotion dimensions, we propose two paradigms for fear level estimation—the two-level (0—no fear and 1—fear) and the four-level (0—no fear, 1—low fear, 2—medium fear, 3—high fear) paradigms. …”
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“…Critically, we found structure-function relationships for the pulvinar-amygdala connection, where people with greater fibre density had stronger functional neural coupling and were also better at recognising fearful facial expressions. These results tie together recent anatomical evidence from other visual primates with very recent optogenetic research on rodents demonstrating a functional role of this pathway in producing fear responses. …”
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“…RESULTS: We identify four key themes about the changing nature of immigrant health access in the United States: growing fear of interacting with health and social services; that social networks are paradoxically limiting health access in the current political climate; that the administration’s rhetoric and proposed policies are impeding health seeking behavior; and that children are encountering new barriers to social program participation. …”
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“…Thus, fear that accrues to a stimulus paired with danger simultaneously spreads to its past associates, thereby roping those associates into a fear memory network.…”
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“…The study found that white students are less likely than racial/ethnic minorities to think about disconnection, predators, getting lost, loathsome or hateful places, fear, and danger when they think of nature. However, the results also show that it would be inaccurate to describe racial/ethnic minorities as universally fearful of and disconnected from nature. …”
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“…OBJECTIVES: Death fear is the main subject in thanatology. Several researchers have defined different reasons for fear of death. …”
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“…BACKGROUND: Fear renewal, the context‐specific relapse of a conditioned fear after extinction, is a widely pursued model of post‐traumatic stress disorder and phobias. …”
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“…We show that rapid reconditioning of unsignaled contextual fear after extinction in male Long–Evans rats is associative and not affected by the number or duration of extinction sessions that we examined. …”
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“…For fear of dyspnea, fear of physical activity and fear of disease progression, improvements remained significant at six-month follow-up. …”
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“…Both chronic pain and fear of falling can lead to activity restriction and increased fall risk among vulnerable elders. …”
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“…Less research focuses on fear of abuse. This analysis examines the associations between feelings of technological competence and variables assessing financial confidence with fear of financial victimization. …”
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“…Furthermore, the device developed in the current study represents an open source alternative to develop customized protocols to study fear memory under conditions of varied sensory stimuli.…”
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