“…While in Pb--Pb collisions this is done to characterize the quark--gluon plasma, pp and p--Pb collisions serve as a reference and are of interest on their own for their input into the understanding of particle production mechanisms. …”
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“…Events where one Higgs boson decays to a bottom quark-antiquark pair and the other decays to a pair of photons (HH → γγbb) are explored to investigate the main production mechanisms, gluon-gluon fusion (ggF) and vector boson fusion (VBF). …”
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“…One of the most important mechanisms at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) for the production of the pseudoscalar Higgs boson of the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM) is the loop-induced gluon fusion process gg → A. The higher-order QCD corrections have been obtained a long time ago and turned out to be large. …”
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“…The analysis targeted four different Higgs production modes: the gluon fusion (ggH), the vector boson fusion (VBF), the Higgs-strahlung process (VH), and the production in association with a pair of top quarks (ttH). …”
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“…As a consequence, $gA_0$ is invariant under renormalization, whereas in a covariant gauge, no component of the gluon field has this property.…”
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“…We will determine new properties ofquark-antiquark-gluon hybrid mesons, using unique production methods, toimprove our understanding of these exotic mesons. …”
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“…This region is affected both by non-perturbative phenomena related to the Fermi motion of the heavy quark and by perturbative soft gluon radiation in the final state (Sudakov form factor). …”
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“…We point out that a phase transition from hadronic matter to a color-deconfined quark-gluon plasma leads to non-monotonic behaviour in both beam energy and impact parameter dependences which, if observed, can be used to identify such a phase transition. …”
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“…Power corrections to differential cross sections near a kinematic threshold are analysed by Dressed Gluon Exponentiation. Exploiting the factorization property of soft and collinear radiation, the dominant radiative corrections in the threshold region are resummed, yielding a renormalization-scale-invariant expression for the Sudakov exponent. …”
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“…Final states in gamma and electro nuclear physics are described using chiral invariant phase-space decay at low gamma or equivalent photon energies, and quark gluon string model at high energies. We will present the modeling of this physics in {\sc Geant4}, and show results from practical applications.…”
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“…The production of hadrons with open heavy flavour (charm and beauty) in high-energy nucleus-nucleus collisions is a powerful tool to study the properties of the deconfined phase of strongly interacting matter known as the Quark-Gluon Plasma (QGP). The production of charm and beauty quarks occurs in hard partonic scattering processes in the early stage of the collisions. …”
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“…Strangeness production measurements are powerful tools for the study of the thermal properties of the deconfined state of QCD matter, the Quark-Gluon Plasma. Thanks to its unique tracking and PID capabilities, ALICE is able to measure weakly decaying particles through the topological reconstruction of the identified hadron decay products. …”
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“…Various conventional machine learning models such as decision tree classifier, logistic regression, random forest, kNN, and SVM as well as various autoML models such as AutoGluon, MLJAR, Auto-Sklearn, TPOT, and H2O were used to predict the modified Rankin score (mRS) at the time of patient discharge and 3 months follow-up. …”
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“…In heavy-ion collisions at ultrarelativistic energies sufficiently high temperature and/or energy density can be achieved to form the Quark-Gluon Plasma (QGP), the state of matter predicted by Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) in which quarks and gluons are deconfined from hadrons. …”
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“…Four of the most-used Geant4 hadronic models, the Quark-gluon string, Bertini-style cascade, Binary cascade and Chiral Invariant Phase Space, are discussed. …”
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“…The bound-state effects are important particularly at the LHC where the gluon fusion is the dominant subprocess. Due to the formation of t\bar{t} resonances in the J=0 color-singlet channel of gg \to t\bar{t} and the large width of the top quark, the t\bar{t} invariant-mass distribution peaks at a few GeV below the t\bar{t} threshold, and it is significantly enhanced over the naive NLO prediction until several GeV above the threshold. …”
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“…We calculate the Sivers distribution functions induced by the final-state interaction due to one-gluon exchange in diquark models of nucleon structure, treating the cases of scalar and axial-vector diquarks with both dipole and Gaussian form factors. …”
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“…On the one hand, exclusive photoproduction of bottomonium ($\gamma\,A \rightarrow \Upsilon\,A$, where the nucleus $A$ remains intact) offers a useful means to constrain the small-$x$ nuclear gluon density. On the other, two-photon exclusive dilepton production ($\gamma\,\gamma\rightarrow l^{+}\,l^{-}$) allows us to study QED at field-strengths close or above the Schwinger limit ($E_{\rm crit}\approx$~1.5 $\times$10$^{16}$~V/cm). …”
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“…The influence of fluctuations and of the background gluon field on the properties of net-quark number density fluctuations and their higher moments is explored. …”
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“…We show that the nuclear effects on the longitudinal structure function closely follow those on the gluon distribution. The error analyses available from newest sets of nuclear PDFs also allow to propagate the uncertainties from present data. …”
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