“…A Large Ion Collider Experiment (ALICE) at the Large Hadron collider (LHC) is a heavy-ion dedicated experiment designed to study nuclear matter at extreme condition of high temperature and high density at which quarks are deconfined and give rise to a new state of matter known as Quark Gluon Plasma (QGP). Heavy flavours (charm and beauty), are produced in the initial stages of hadronic collisions in hard scattering processes and therefore are effective probes to study the QGP. …”
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“…Jets produced in hard scattering processes provide an important probe of the thermodynamical and transport properties of the quark gluon plasma (QGP) created in high-energy nuclear (AA) collisions. …”
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“…A primordial state of matter consisting of free quarks and gluons that existed in the early universe a few microseconds after the Big Bang is also expected to form in high-energy heavy-ion collisions. …”
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“…We find that the hadron-collider data is consistent with the electron–positron data and that it significantly constrains the gluon FF. We verify the reliability of our results upon our choice of the kinematic cut in the hadron transverse momentum applied to the hadron-collider data and their consistency with NNFF1.0, our previous determination of the FFs of charged pions, kaons, and protons/antiprotons.…”
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“…The heavy-flavour data of the LHCb experiment impose constraints on the gluon and sea-quark distributions at very low partonic fractions of the proton momenta. …”
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“…The detector provides also an excellent capability to probe the quark gluon plasma by measurement of high energy jets and photons as well as quarkonia states. …”
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“…The collisions of lead nuclei at energies sqrt(sNN) = 5.5 TeV, will probe quark and gluon matter at unprecedented values of energy density. …”
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“…The aim of this study is to develop a cut-based event selection sensitive to both the gluon fusion and the vector boson fusion Higgs boson production modes. …”
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“…These evidences may bring new insight to the primordial universe where a hot, dense medium of quarks and gluons may have prevailed.…”
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“…The authors critically study the method and the validity of perturbative QCD in open-charm hadroproduction. They explain how the gluon-fusion process (G+G to c+c) and the flavor-excitation process (q +c to q+c or G+c to G+c) should be calculated in line with a principle or perturbative QCD (absorption of mass singularities into parton distributions), and without causing double counting. …”
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“…We present early results of the CMS experiment from PbPb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 2.76 TeV, probing quark and gluon matter at unprecedented values of energy density. …”
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“…A leptophobic topcolor \zp with width much less than the detector resolution is excluded for masses below 1.3~TeV$/c^2$, a leptophobic topcolor \zp with width 10\% of its mass is excluded below 1.7~TeV$/c^2$, and a Kaluza-Klein gluon is excluded with a mass below 1.4~TeV$/c^2$.…”
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“…The study of open charm meson (mesons made by one light quark and one charm quark) are an interesting tool to probe pQCD and the Quark-Gluon-Plasma properties. In this thesis I present the details of the measurement of the D+ and charm production cross section in proton-proton collisions at √s = 7 TeV and of the measurements of the D+ meson nuclear modification factor and elliptic flow from the 2010 data sample of Pb-Pb collision at √sNN = 2.76 TeV per nucleon pair.…”
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“…This paper presents a brief overview of recent results from CMS at $\sqrt s$=2.76 TeV using hard probes to study quark and gluon matter in high-energy PbPb collisions. The capabilities of the CMS apparatus allow us to investigate these various hard probes using the calorimeter, muon and tracking systems covering a large range in pseudorapidity, complemented by a flexible two-level trigger system for both proton-proton and ion-ion collisions. …”
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“…ALICE is the LHC experiment dedicated to the study of the Quark- Gluon Plasma (QGP) formed in high-energy collisions of lead nuclei. …”
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“…In the heavy ion collisions the QCD processes are determining the properties of the Quark-Gluon Plasma which is created in the conditions of the extreme energy density. …”
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“…The jet is one of the probes allowing testing strong interaction theory predictions, QCD, and to extract physical properties from a particular state of nuclear matter : Quark Gluon Plasma (QGP). This PhD work is aimed to show ALICE capacities to measure jets coming from collisions produced at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). …”
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“…A brief introduction is given to the potential of the LHeC for the determination of the full set of quark distributions $xq(x,Q^2)$, $q=u_v,~d_v,~\bar{u},~\bar{d},~s,~\bar{s},~c,~b,~t$, and the measurement of the gluon distribution $xg(x,Q^2)$ for $x$ between about $10^{-6}$ to $1$ and $Q^2$ between $1$ and up to $10^6$\,GeV$^2$. …”
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“…The collision of highly relativistic nuclei can produce a volume of high energy densitywhich can be used to learn about the behavior of quantum chromodynamics (QCD)at extreme conditions, such as those of the universe at times before and during theformation of hadrons out of quarks and gluons. This thesis presents experimental√studies of jet-quenching phenomena in PbPb collisions at sN N = 2.76 TeV, with afocus on the study of the energy-loss, namely the analysis of correlations of jet pairsas measured by the CMS detector at LHC. …”
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“…Three benchmark processes are studied here. The scenario of a gluon-fusion produced narrow CP-odd particle, A, which decays to Zh, where h is the Standard-Model- like Higgs boson discovered at the LHC, is motivated by two-Higgs-doublet models. …”
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