“…It provides a clean probe of the gluon distribution at small values of parton fractional momenta $x$ at centralrapidities ($y < 2.5$). …”
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“…The processes can also be used to probe the gluon density function of the proton.…”
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“…They provide new insights into the properties of the extremely high density and high temperature matter created in heavy ion collisions, while pointing out similarities and differences in comparison to smaller collision systems. These include gluon distribution functions in the lead nucleus; the azimuthal anisotropy of final state particle distributions in all the three different collision systems; charge separation signals from proton-lead collisions and consequences for the Chiral Magnetic Effect; new studies of parton energy loss and its dependence on parton flavor and parton shower shape; and the suppression of quarkonium states in the deconfined QCD matter.…”
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“…Searches for rare top quark decays to Higgs and Z bosons are presented in top quark production, and searches for rare top quark interactions with gluons and Z bosons are presented in single top quark production.…”
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“…Due to the large multijet background, the direct observation of $H\to b\bar{b}$ in the gluon fusion channel is very challenging. Instead, looking for the associated production of a Higgs with a vector boson ($W/Z$), and triggering on leptonic decays of the vector boson provides an effective way to trigger on the $H\to b\bar{b}$ decays and reduce the overwhelming multijet background. …”
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“…Fits to the ALICE data are performed allowing for a systematic study of the freeze-out conditions of the Quark Gluon Plasma created in nucleus-nucleus at the highest LHC energy. …”
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“…By colliding protons and examining the particle emitted from the collisions, the Large Hadron Collider aims to study the interactions of quarks and gluons at the highest energies accessible in a controlled experimental way. …”
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“…The final data sample used to extract the results is enriched in jets originating from light-flavour quark and gluon hadronization with the application of a dedicated algorithm reversing some of the criteria used in the nominal identification algorithm. …”
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“…A search for heavy scalar H and pseudoscalar A neutral Higgs bosons at the LHC in their production in the gluon-fusion mechanism and their decays into a top quark pair is presented. …”
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“…In pp collisions, a comparison of the photon-tagged jet FF to that for inclusively selected jets is sensitive to the difference in fragmentation between quark— and gluon--initiated jets in vacuum. The ratio of the FF in Pb+Pb events to those in pp events with the same selection on the photon kinematic variables provides information on the modification of the parton shower for quark-initiated jets as they traverse the hot nuclear medium. …”
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“…Multiple jet substructure variables, such as the particle multiplicity, width, eccentricity, $p_\mathrm{T}$ dispersion, N-subjettiness ratios, generalized angularities, and energy correlation functions, are measured for inclusive jets, as well as for identified bottom, light-quark, and gluon jets from the $\mathrm{t \bar t}$ final state. …”
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“…The measurement of charge particle production in heavy ion collisions, when compared with pp data, provides insight into the properties of the hot and dense quark-gluon plasma. The ATLAS detector at the LHC recorded 0.49 nb$^{−1}$ of Pb+Pb collisions and 4.2 pb$^{−1}$ of pp collisions, both at the center-of-mass energy $\sqrt{s}=\sqrt{s_{NN}}=5.02$ TeV. …”
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“…Electromagnetic processes provide new tools for studying the partonic structure of nuclei, and possibly for directly probing the quark gluon plasma. Ultra-peripheral heavy ion collisions occur when the nuclei have large impact parameter and interact through photon-induced reactions. …”
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“…The flavour non-singlet and singlet quark distributions as well as the gluon distribution are extracted with good precision down to low values of x (0.008). …”
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“…The cross-section times $H \to ZZ^{*}$ branching ratio for gluon fusion and vector-boson fusion production are measured to be $1.21 \pm 0.18$ pb and $0.24 \pm 0.09$ pb, respectively. …”
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“…The measurement of charged-hadron production in heavy-ion collisions provides insight into the properties of the quark-gluon plasma by measuring parton energy loss. The ATLAS detector at the LHC recorded 0.49nb$^{-1}$ of Pb+Pb collisions and 25pb$^{-1}$ of $pp$ collisions, both at the center-of-mass energy 5.02TeV. …”
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“…This jet energy scale correction consists of multiple steps where features of the reconstructed jet are used se- quentially, in order to improve the resolution and reduce the differences between quark and gluon jets (flavor dependence). This study reports on a new method based on multivari- ate regression, demonstrated with neural networks, that generalizes the current (iterated) one-dimensional technique for performing jet energy scale corrections (numerical inversion), called generalized numerical inversion. …”
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“…Because photons do not carry color charge, they are unaffected by the medium, and thus provide information about the momentum, direction, and flavor (quark or gluon) of the associated hard-scattered parton before it begins to shower and become quenched. …”
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“…These measurements of jet mass in various topologies as well as other properties of jet fragmentation such as charged-particle multiplicity and the properties of gluon splitting to bottom quarks are unfolded to correct for detector effects and compared with a variety of predictions.…”
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“…The process can also be used to probe the gluon density function of the proton. The ATLAS collaboration has measured the inclusive jet production cross section in 20.3 /fb of data collected at a center-of-mass energy of 8TeV and in 3.2 /fb of data collected at a center-of-mass energy of 13TeV. …”
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