“…The data are compared to fixed-order QCD calculations at next-to-leading-order and next-to-next-to-leading-order accuracy as well as next-to-leading-order computations including resummation of initial-state gluon radiation at next-to-next-to-leading logarithm or matched to a parton shower, with relative uncertainties varying from $5\%$ to $20\%$.…”
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“…The process can also be used to probe the gluon density function of the proton. The ATLAS collaboration has measured the inclusive jet production cross section in 20.3 fb$^{-1}$ of data collected at a center-of-mass energy of 8 TeV and in 3.2$^{fb}$ of data collected at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV. …”
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“…The Higgs boson is supposed to be produced via gluon-fusion.…”
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“…In this search, the Higgs is produced primarily from gluon fusion and decays to four leptons via two Z bosons (H → ZZ → 4l). …”
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“…Enabled by recent improvements in theoretical, experimental and numerical techniques, the state-of-the art applications considered in this volume span the entire range, from our smallest components – quarks and gluons as the mediators of the strong force – to the computation of the equation of state for neutron star matter. …”
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“…In both theories the gauge bosons, the photon and the gluons, have no mass. The gauge theory of the electroweak interactions, based on the gauge group SU(2) x U(1), describes both the electromagnetic and the weak interactions. …”
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“…The t$\bar{\rm{t}}$H (tH) production mode, while proceeding at a rate of about 100 (1000) times smaller than gluon fusion, bears a highly distinctive experimental signature, which includes leptons and/or jets from the decay of the two (single) top quarks. …”
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“…The process can also be used to probe the gluon density function of the proton. Specific topologies can be used to extract the strong coupling constant. …”
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“…Thus, a Bayesian Statitical Model is applied to set 95% Confidence Level upper limits on the production cross section times branching ratio of the selected two benchmark models; the Randall- Sundrum model that predicts Kaluza-Klein excitation of gluons, and the extended gauge model that predicts the existence of a leptophobic Topcolor Z′.…”
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“…The results of this grooming can be used to study modifications to partons and their evolution while traversing the hot and dense medium created in heavy ion collisions, via small angle splitting of quarks and gluons insie the jet cores. The CMS detector at the LHC is used to perform this analysis for $p_\text{T}^\text{jet}$ between 140 and $300\,\mathrm{GeV}$ and pseudo-rapidity less than 1.3 in both PbPb and pp collisions, and for a range of PbPb collision centralities. …”
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“…The production of prompt isolated photons at hadron colliders provides a stringent test of perturbative QCD and can be used to probe the gluon density function of the proton. The ATLAS collaboration has performed precise measurements of the inclusive production of isolated prompt photons at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV, differential in both rapidity and the photon transverse momentum. …”
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“…The $p_\text{T}$ spectra and integrated yields are compared to lower center-of-mass energy pp, and to similar energy pPb and PbPb results, as well as to Monte Carlo simulations.For all collision systems studied, the average $p_\text{T}$ increases with particle mass and with the charged-particle multiplicity of the event as expected from theoretical predictions, among others from those based on gluon saturation. The results show only a slight dependence of the average $p_\text{T}$ on the center-of-mass energy, indicating that particle production at LHC energies is strongly correlated with the charged-particle multiplicity rather than with the center-of-mass energy of the collision. …”
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“…Their decay leads to the corresponding ordinary quark and a gluon, but also radiative transitions and decay in electroweak bosons are possible. …”
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“…The study of quarkonia in heavy-ion collisions has been the subject of intense experimental and theoretical effort, ever since their production was predicted to be sensitive to the formation of a deconfined state of strongly-interacting matter, known as the Quark-Gluon Plasma (QGP). In p-Pb collisions, Cold Nuclear Matter (CNM) effects, such as nuclear shadowing or partonic energy loss, are expected to influence quarkonium production. …”
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“…The interplay of such fields with QCD anomalies in the Quark--Gluon Plasma (QGP) has been predicted to lead to a number of interesting phenomena, such as the Chiral Magnetic Effect (CME). …”
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“…The Higgs boson is supposed to be produced via gluon-fusion.…”
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“…Lead-lead collisions at the LHC are capable of producing a system of deconfined quarks and gluons at unprecedented energy density and temperature. …”
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“…Charmonium states, such as the J/$\psi$ and $\psi$(2S) mesons, are excellent probes of the deconfined state of matter, the Quark-Gluon Plasma (QGP) created in heavy ion collisions. …”
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“…Highlights from studies in the Higgs sector are the first observation of its decay into tau leptons by a single experiment, the most precise measurement of its mass, $\mathrm{m_H} = 125.26 \pm 0.21~\mathrm{GeV}$ and a first search for the $\mathrm{H}\to\mathrm{b\overline{b}}$ decay in a phase space region that is sensitive to the gluon-fusion production mechanism. In the electroweak sector, CMS provides the currently most precise measurement of the effective weak mixing angle at the LHC: $\sin\theta^{\rm lept}_{\rm eff} = 0.23101\pm 0.00052$, using an integrated luminosity of $\approx 20~\mathrm{fb}^{-1}$ at $\sqrt{s}=8~\mathrm{TeV}$. …”
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“…Strangeness enhancement in AA collisions with respect to pp and pA collisions has long been considered as one of the signatures for quark-gluon plasma (QGP) formation. Recent observations of collective effects in high-multiplicity pp and pA collisions raise the question of whether QGP can also be formed in the smaller systems. …”
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