“…The study of the formation and the properties of the strongly interacting medium produced in ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions, named Quark-Gluon Plasma (QGP), is the main research goal of the ALICE experiment at the CERN Large Hadron Collider (LHC). …”
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“…Furthermore, in heavy-ion collisions, the charm baryon-to-meson yield ratio is expected to be further enhanced if charm quarks hadronise via recombination with the surrounding light quarks in the quark-gluon plasma.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p class="MsoPlainText"><span><span><span style="color:#000000"><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span>In this seminar, the $p_{\rm T}$-differential cross sections of $\Lambda_c^+$, $\Sigma_c^{0, ++}$, $\Xi_c^{0,+}$ baryons, the cross section times branching ratio of $\Omega_c^0$ baryon, the total charm cross section and charm fragmentation fractions in pp collisions at midrapidity are presented. …”
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“…The events are divided into categories that target the specific kinematics of the gluon fusion- and the vector-boson fusion production processes of the Higgs boson. …”
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“…The Quantum Chromo-Dynamics (QCD) theory predicts, in condition of very high temperature and/or energy density, a phase transition from the ordinary nuclear matter to a colour-deconfined medium called Quark–Gluon Plasma (QGP). The ALICE experiment was designed and optimized for the investigation of this hot and dense medium, produced via heavy-ion collisions at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). …”
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“…The thesis mainly concentrates on the study of the production of highly virtual H bosons, known as "off-shell" (mH > 200 GeV), through gluon fusion and vector boson fusion production modes, followed by decay in the H->ZZ->l+l-nunu channel. …”
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“…In jet-associated top-quark pair production, this asymmetry arises already at leading order in quark-gluon interactions. Furthermore, the final states in jet-associated top-antitop events allow for the definition of a new observable, the energy asymmetry, reflecting the different probability of top and antitop quarks to have the higher energy. …”
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“…important;float:none;font-size:medium;font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:400;letter-spacing:normal;orphans:auto;text-align:start;text-decoration:none;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;widows:auto;word-spacing:0px;">It has been postulated that nonperturbative quantum chromodynamics (QCD) evolution of a single parton in the vacuum can develop long-range collective effects of a multiparton system, reminiscent of those observed in high-energy nuclear interactions from the formation of a quark-gluon plasma. For the first time, a search for such QCD collective effects is performed via correlation measurements of charged constituents inside jets produced in high-pileup proton-proton (pp) collisions. …”
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“…important;float:none;font-family:&quot;Segoe UI&quot;, &quot;Segoe UI Web (West European)&quot;, &quot;Segoe UI&quot;, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Roboto, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, sans-serif;font-size:14px;font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-variant-ligatures:normal;font-weight:400;letter-spacing:normal;orphans:2;text-align:start;text-decoration-color:initial;text-decoration-style:initial;text-decoration-thickness:initial;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;widows:2;word-spacing:0px;">In LS2, the ALICE collaboration has installed major upgrades to improve the pointing resolution and readout rate to enable new measurements of thermal radiation, and heavy flavour transport in the Quark Gluon Plasma. The upgrades involve a complete replacement of the inner tracking system (ITS) and the installation of the muon forward tracker (MFT), both of which are entirely instrumented with monolithic CMOS pixel sensors, the replacement of the TPC readout chambers with GEM chambers, the installation of a fast interaction trigger (FIT) detector as well as upgrades of the readout and data acquisition of the other detector systems. …”
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“…Since for electromagnetic probes final state interactions are practically negligible these observables are unique for studying the evolution and dynamics of ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions from the hot and dense early stage where a quark-gluon plasma is expected to be formed to the final freeze-out stage when hadrons decouple.\\ \\ The experiment also studies the spectral distributions of charged particles, their distribution relative to the reaction plane, and identified high momentum pions. …”
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“…Its main aim is to study the behavior of strongly interacting matter and the quark gluon plasma. ALICE is preparing a major upgrade and starting from 2021, it will collect data with several upgraded sub-detectors (TPC, ITS, Muon Tracker and Chamber, TRD and TOF). …”
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“…Elastic and diffractive protons which are not in the beam pass through arrays of scintillating fibre * On behalf of the ATLAS Collaboration. a The lowest order prototype of the Pomeron (IP) is, in perturbative QCD, a colour neutral system of two gluons DIS 2009…”
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“…In Pb–Pb collisions, the quark gluon plasma (QGP) is created, while in pp collisions, it provides only weak hints for its existence at very high multiplicity events (see e.g. …”
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“…Low-mass electron–positron pairs are a unique experimental tool to study the properties of the Quark-Gluon Plasma created in ultra-relativistic heavy-ion collisions at the CERN Large Hadron Collider (LHC). …”
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“…ALICE , one of the major experiment installed at LHC, is dedicated to the study of nuclear matter under extreme conditions of energy density with the opportunity of creating a partonic medium called the Quark- Gluon-Plasma (QGP). This new experimental facility opens new avenues for the understanding of fundamental properties of the strong interaction and its vacuum. …”
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“…These measurements allow at high pT to test pQCD calculations in pp collisions and are essential prerequisites for the understanding of the Quark Gluon Plasma expected to be produced in PbPb collisions. …”
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“…Along with the massless mediator of the electromagnetic force, the photon, the theory successfully predicts the existence of three massive bosons, W$^\pm$ and Z, which mediate the weak interaction and eight massless electrically neutral bosons, the gluons, which mediate the strong interaction. However the Higgs Mechanism of the Standard Model, which is required to give mass to the elecroweak bosons and the fermions, predicts the existence of a Higgs Boson which has yet to be observed experimentally. …”
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“…Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD), one of the most fundamental components of the Standard Model theory of Particle Physics, is dedicated to describe the strong interactions among quarks and gluons. For the $B$ meson production cross-sections in hadron-hadron collisions, perturbative QCD (pQCD) calculations are available at next-to-leading order (NLO) and with the fixed-order plus next-to-leading logarithms (FONLL) approximations. …”
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“…At lower $p^Z_T$, pQCD no longer gives accurate results due to the emission of multiple soft gluons. This fact has been solved in two ways: by using resummation to all orders up to next-to-next-to-leading logarithms (NNLL) in $\alpha_s$, or by modeling with parton showers. …”
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“…Each fundamental force has its own corresponding boson – the strong force is carried by the “gluon”, the electromagnetic force is carried by the “photon”, and the “W and Z bosons” are responsible for the weak force. …”
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“…Additionally, a sensitivity estimate of the SM Higgs boson produced in gluon-fusion and decaying to two b quarks, gg->H->bb, is presented. …”
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