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“…Instantons, or pseudoparticles, are solutions to the equations of motion in classical field theories on a Euclidean spacetime. …”
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“…These potentials are typically computed by Euclidean methods (i.e. instantons) which assume the system is in equilibrium. …”
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“…Some properties of a gas of D-instantons are discussed in this paper.…”
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“…In this work a relation between topology and thermodynamical features of gravitational instantons is shown. The expression for the Euler characteristic, through the Gauss-Bonnet integral, and the one for the entropy of gravitational instantons are proposed in a form that makes the relation between them self-evident. …”
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“…In the large-N limit, we are able to evaluate all leading-order multi-instanton contributions exactly. We find compelling evidence for Maldacena's conjecture: (1) The large-N instanton collective coordinate space has the geometry of AdS_5 x S^5. (2) At the k-instanton level $G_n \sim \sqrt{N} g^8 k^n {\cal Z}_k F_n(x_1,...,x_n)$, where F_n is identical to a convolution of n bulk-to-boundary SUGRA propagators, and {\cal Z}_k is the partition function for 10-dimensional N=1 SU(k) gauge theory on flat space, reduced to 0 dimensions; this is in agreement with type IIB superstring calculations, up to an unknown k-dependent normalization factor for {\cal Z}_k.…”
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“…Upper limits are derived from the expected instanton-induced final state properties based on the QCDINS Monte Carlo model.…”
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“…There is a close analogy between electroweak instanton-induced baryon plus lepton number (B+L) violating processes in Quantum Flavor Dynamics (QFD) and hard QCD instanton-induced chirality violating processes in deep-inelastic scattering. …”
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“…A first part of this review is devoted to a summary of our extensive studies of the discovery potential for instanton(I)-induced, deep-inelastic processes at HERA. …”
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“…The author discusses non-perturbative effects caused by instantons. Before discussing the more technically involved QCD problem, he treats the Abelian-Higgs model in two dimensions in the presence of massless fermions. …”
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“…Microcanonical instanton theory is by contrast far less well established. …”
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“…In the ALE case, this construction has long been understood in terms of D-branes; here we give a D-brane derivation in the Taub-NUT case. Likewise, instantons on ALE spaces and on Taub-NUT spaces have ADHM-like constructions related to hyper-Kahler quotients. …”
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“…In the first lecture, we discuss basic aspects of worldsheet and penta-brane instantons as well as (unoriented) D-brane instantons, which is our main focus here, and threshold corrections to BPS-saturated couplings. …”
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“…We provide an exhaustive classification of self-dual four-dimensional gravitational instantons foliated with three-dimensional homogeneous spaces, i.e. homogeneous self-dual metrics on four-dimensional Euclidean spaces admitting a Bianchi simply transitive isometry group. …”
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