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  1. 81
    “…The prevalence of severe acute malnutrition (SAM) was 3.0% (95% CI: 2.3-4.0), almost half featuring kwashiorkor signs. The coverage of SAM treatment was 29.1%. …”
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    Sentinel site community surveillance of mortality and nutritional status in southwestern Central African Republic, 2010
  2. 82
    “…In this study, stool samples of malnourished patients with kwashiorkor and healthy children were collected from Niger and Senegal and analyzed by culturomics and metagenomics. …”
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    Gut Bacteria Missing in Severe Acute Malnutrition, Can We Identify Potential Probiotics by Culturomics?
  3. 83
    “…We previously reported that a low-protein diet caused animals to develop fatty liver containing a high level of triglycerides (TG), similar to the human nutritional disorder “kwashiorkor”. To investigate the underlying mechanisms, we cultured hepatocytes in amino acid-sufficient or deficient medium. …”
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    Importance of Serum Amino Acid Profile for Induction of Hepatic Steatosis under Protein Malnutrition
  4. 84
    “…STUDY PROCEDURE: We enrolled children aged from 3 months to 5 years admitted to a rural Kenyan district hospital with clinical signs compatible with dehydration, and without kwashiorkor. Anthropometric measurements were taken at admission and repeated after 48 hours of treatment, which included rehydration by WHO protocols. …”
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    Are diagnostic criteria for acute malnutrition affected by hydration status in hospitalized children? A repeated measures study
  5. 85
    “…Lactobacillus reuteri has been linked to obesity and weight gain in children affected with Kwashiorkor using ready-to-use therapeutic food. In contrast, Escherichia coli has been linked with the absence of obesity. …”
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    Lactobacillus reuteri and Escherichia coli in the human gut microbiota may predict weight gain associated with vancomycin treatment
  6. 86
    “…Why some children with malnutrition develop oedema (kwashiorkor) is not well understood. The objective of this study was to investigate socio-demographic, dietary and clinical correlates of oedema, in children hospitalised with severe acute malnutrition. …”
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    Social, dietary and clinical correlates of oedema in children with severe acute malnutrition: a cross-sectional study
  7. 87
    “…SAM manifests in both an oedematous and a non-oedematous form, with oedematous malnutrition in its most severe form also known as kwashiorkor. The pathogenesis of both types of malnutrition in children remains largely unknown, but gut microbiota (GM) dysbiosis has recently been linked to oedematous malnutrition. …”
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    Gut Microbiota in Children Hospitalized with Oedematous and Non-Oedematous Severe Acute Malnutrition in Uganda
  8. 88
    “…Ninety-five (52.2%) children were included in the marasmus, while 47.8% were included in the Kwashiorkor cohort. The recovery rate was 68.6%; 22.5% were non-responsive, 11% defaulted on the program, and 3.5% died during management. …”
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    Treatment Outcomes of Severe Acute Malnutrition and Its Determinants Among Paediatric Patients in Quetta City, Pakistan
  9. 89
    “…Studies defining malnutrition clinically [moderate clinical malnutrition (McM) marasmus, kwashiorkor] rather than anthropometrically are rare. …”
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    Incidence and course of child malnutrition according to clinical or anthropometrical assessment: a longitudinal study from rural DR Congo
  10. 90
    “…The likelihood of recovery was 2.6 times higher for children with kwashiorkor than for those with marasmus (AOR = 2.62 at 95% CI (1.77, 3.89)). …”
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    Treatment outcomes of severe acute malnutrition in children treated within Outpatient Therapeutic Program (OTP) at Wolaita Zone, Southern Ethiopia: retrospective cross-sectional study
  11. 91
    “…BACKGROUND: Severe acute malnutrition (SAM) is defined by a mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) less than 115 mm or a weight-for-height z-score (WHZ) less than − 3 but also by the presence of bilateral pitting edema, also known as kwashiorkor or edematous malnutrition. Although edematous malnutrition is a life threatening condition, it has not been prioritized in recent research and has been neglected in global health initiatives. …”
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    Mid-Upper Arm Circumference (MUAC) shows strong geographical variations in children with edema: results from 2277 surveys in 55 countries
  12. 92
    “…Children who were enrolled with marasmus diagnosis showed lower recovery than children with kwashiorkor (0.30, 0.18–0.51). CONCLUSION: The median time-to-recover was 36 days. …”
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    Time-to-recovery from severe acute malnutrition in children 6–59 months of age enrolled in the outpatient treatment program in Shebedino, Southern Ethiopia: a prospective cohort study
  13. 93
    “…The main causes of death were malaria (14·9%), kwashiorkor (13·9%), respiratory infections (10·4%), and diarrhoeal diseases (8·9%). …”
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    Follow-up of a historic cohort of children treated for severe acute malnutrition between 1988 and 2007 in Eastern Democratic Republic of Congo
  14. 94
    “…Being HIV Negative (AHR = 2.19: 95% CI 1.28, 3.73), Marasmic (AHR = 1.69: 95% CI 1.18, 2.42), and marasmic-kwashiorkor child (AHR = 1.60: 95% CI (1.09, 2.37) independently predicted recovery time. …”
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    Time to recovery from severe acute malnutrition and its predictors among children aged 6–59 months at Asosa general hospital, Northwest Ethiopia. A retrospective follow up study
  15. 95
    “…Discussion NME in the absence of Glucagonoma is extremely rare and is seen in hepatic cirrhosis, malabsorption disorders, inflammatory bowel disease and nutritional deficiencies including zinc deficiency, Pellagra, Kwashiorkor. Though the exact mechanism for NME in these conditions is unclear. …”
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    MON-587 A Case of Pseudoglucagonoma Syndrome Post Bariatric Surgery
  16. 96
    “…The specific aim is to estimate the serum vitamin D levels in children with PEM who exhibit symptoms of being underweight, stunting (limited linear growth), wasting (abrupt weight loss), or edematous malnutrition (kwashiorkor). Additionally, this study seeks to analyze the correlation between serum vitamin D levels and the associated health problems in children with PEM. …”
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    Assessment of Serum Vitamin D Status and Its Associated Health Problem Among Children With Protein Energy Malnutrition: A Cross-Sectional Research Study in Central Rural India
  17. 97
    “…RESULTS: Twenty children were enrolled (11 in group 1 and 9 in group 2), including 15 children (75%) with kwashiorkor, 8 (40%) with elevated brain natriuretic peptide >300 pg/ml, and 9 (45%) with markedly elevated median systemic vascular resistance index (SVRI) >1600 dscm-(5)/m(2) indicative of severe hypovolaemia. …”
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    Myocardial and haemodynamic responses to two fluid regimens in African children with severe malnutrition and hypovolaemic shock (AFRIM study)
  18. 98
    “…We included children aged 6–23 months with wasting (mid-upper arm circumference [MUAC] ≤ 12.5 cm) or kwashiorkor (bipedal edema) at the time of hospital discharge. …”
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    The Role of Food Insecurity and Dietary Diversity on Recovery from Wasting among Hospitalized Children Aged 6–23 Months in Sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia
  19. 99
    “…We interviewed family members of 64 acutely ill children admitted across four hospitals (a rural and urban hospital in each country). 27 children had severe wasting or kwashiorkor on admission. Family members were interviewed in their homes soon after discharge, and up to three further times over the following six to fourteen months. …”
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    Strengthening the role of community health workers in supporting the recovery of ill, undernourished children post hospital discharge: qualitative insights from key stakeholders in Bangladesh and Kenya
  20. 100
    “…Median age was 11 months (IQR 7–16 months), 306 (17%) were younger than 6 months, 300 (17%) had oedematous malnutrition (kwashiorkor), and 1221 (69%) were stunted (length-for-age Z score <–2). …”
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    Daily co-trimoxazole prophylaxis to prevent mortality in children with complicated severe acute malnutrition: a multicentre, double-blind, randomised placebo-controlled trial
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