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  1. 2121
    “…INTRODUCTION: In the Belém Metropolitan Region (BMR), Pará State, Brazil, American cutaneous leishmaniasis (ACL) is endemic; however, very little is known regarding its causative agents. …”
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    Further insights into the eco-epidemiology of American cutaneous leishmaniasis in the Belem metropolitan region, Pará State, Brazil
  2. 2122
    “…OBJECTIVE: Ethiopia has the second highest burden of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) next to Sudan. North West Ethiopia alone accounts for 60% of the national burden. …”
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    Low Knowledge and Attitude Towards Visceral Leishmaniasis Among Migrants and Seasonal Farm Workers in Northwest Ethiopia
  3. 2123
    “…The development and application of safe and effective immunoprophylactic/immunotherapeutic agents against canine visceral leishmaniasis (CanL) have been pointed out as the only means for the real control of the disease. …”
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    Immunoprophylactic Potential of a New Recombinant Leishmania infantum Antigen for Canine Visceral Leishmaniasis: An In Vitro Finding
  4. 2124
    “…BACKGROUND: Malaria and neglected communicable protozoa parasitic diseases, such as leishmaniasis, and trypanosomiasis, are among the otherwise called diseases for neglected communities, which are habitual in underprivileged populations in developing tropical and subtropical regions of Africa, Asia, and the Americas. …”
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    Potentials of marine natural products against malaria, leishmaniasis, and trypanosomiasis parasites: a review of recent articles
  5. 2125
    “…The diversity and seasonality for sandflies were studied in 2019 at a focus of zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis in Zagora province, southern Morocco. Standardized sampling with CDC light traps was used. …”
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    Diversity and Bionomics of Sandflies (Diptera: Psychodidae) of an Endemic Focus of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Zagora Province, Southeast of Morocco
  6. 2126
    “…Leishmania infantum chagasi is the causative agent and Lutzomyia longipalpis is the main vector of visceral leishmaniasis in the Americas. We investigated the expression of Leishmania genes within L. longipalpis after artificial infection. mRNAs from genes involved in sugar and amino acid metabolism were upregulated at times of high parasite proliferation inside the insect. mRNAs from genes involved in metacyclogenesis had higher expression in late stages of infection. …”
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    The gene expression of Leishmania infantum chagasi inside Lutzomyia longipalpis, the main vector of visceral leishmaniasis in Brazil
  7. 2127
    “…BACKGROUND: A higher caseload of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) has been observed among males in community-based surveys. …”
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    Gender disparity in cases enrolled in clinical trials of visceral leishmaniasis: A systematic review and meta-analysis
  8. 2128
    “…BACKGROUND: Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL), which is one form of leishmaniasis, may show variations over years across regions, and epidemiological studies are crucial to estimate the cases of the disease status over a long time. …”
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    A Ten-Year Trend of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis at University of Gondar Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia: 2009-2018
  9. 2129
    “…Here, we identify type I IFNs as major upstream regulators of CD4(+) T cells from visceral leishmaniasis (VL) patients. Furthermore, we report that mice deficient in type I IFN signaling have significantly improved control of Leishmania donovani, a causative agent of human VL, associated with enhanced IFNγ but reduced IL-10 production by parasite-specific CD4(+) T cells. …”
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    Type I Interferons Suppress Anti-parasitic Immunity and Can Be Targeted to Improve Treatment of Visceral Leishmaniasis
  10. 2130
    “…Despite the fact that CGD patients are more susceptible to intracellular infections, visceral leishmaniasis has been reported rarely in these cases. …”
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    The Emergence of Co-Infection of Visceral Leishmaniasis in an Iranian Child with Chronic Granulomatous Disease: A Case Report
  11. 2131
    “…BACKGROUND: Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is on the verge of being eliminated as a public health problem in the Indian subcontinent. …”
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    Visceral Leishmaniasis-HIV Coinfection as a Predictor of Increased Leishmania Transmission at the Village Level in Bihar, India
  12. 2132
    “…Leishmaniasis is a neglected tropical disease affecting humans and domesticated animals with high mortality in endemic countries. …”
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    Urine-Based Molecular Diagnostic Tests for Leishmaniasis Infection in Human and Canine Populations: A Meta-Analysis
  13. 2133
    “…Cutaneous leishmaniasis is a localized infection controlled by CD4+ T cells that produce IFN-γ within lesions. …”
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    Localized skin inflammation during cutaneous leishmaniasis drives a chronic, systemic IFN-γ signature
  14. 2134
    “…BACKGROUND: Despite high HIV co-infection prevalence in Ethiopian visceral leishmaniasis (VL) patients, the adequacy of antileishmanial drug exposure in this population and effect of HIV-VL co-morbidity on pharmacokinetics of antileishmanial and antiretroviral (ARV) drugs is still unknown. …”
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    Low antileishmanial drug exposure in HIV-positive visceral leishmaniasis patients on antiretrovirals: an Ethiopian cohort study
  15. 2135
    “…The in vitro antileishmanial activity of CuNPs (10–200 µg/mL) or MA alone (10–200 µg/mL), and various concentrations of MA (10–200 μg/mL) along with 20 μg/mL of CuNPs, was assessed against the Leishmania major (MRHO/IR/75/ER) amastigote forms and, then tested on cutaneous leishmaniasis induced in male BALB/c mice by L. major. …”
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    Therapeutic Potential of Green Synthesized Copper Nanoparticles Alone or Combined with Meglumine Antimoniate (Glucantime(®)) in Cutaneous Leishmaniasis
  16. 2136
    “…BACKGROUND: Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL), endemic in Guatemala, mostly affects poor people living in the northern region. …”
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    Cutaneous leishmaniasis control in Alta Verapaz (northern Guatemala): evaluating current efforts through stakeholders’ experiences
  17. 2137
    “…An innovative pre-competitive virtual screening collaboration was engaged to validate and subsequently explore an imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine screening hit for visceral leishmaniasis. In silico probing of five proprietary pharmaceutical company libraries enabled rapid expansion of the hit chemotype, alleviating initial concerns about the core chemical structure while simultaneously improving antiparasitic activity and selectivity index relative to the background cell line. …”
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    Collaborative virtual screening to elaborate an imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine hit series for visceral leishmaniasis
  18. 2138
    “…Background: The present study was carried out in the rural and urban area of Diamantina/Minas Gerais (MG), an endemic municipality for visceral leishmaniasis (VL) in Brazil. Methods: Patient notification records, canine prevalence, and phlebotomine fauna were evaluated. …”
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    Eco-epidemiological Aspects of Visceral Leishmaniasis in the Municipality of Diamantina, Jequitinhonha Valley (Minas Gerais State, Brazil)
  19. 2139
    “…Visceral leishmaniasis (VL), a fatal parasitic infection, is categorized as being neglected among tropical diseases. …”
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    Development and Clinical Evaluation of Serum and Urine-Based Lateral Flow Tests for Diagnosis of Human Visceral Leishmaniasis
  20. 2140
    “…In conclusion, this quantitative PCR can be used for the diagnosis of both human, canine and feline Leishmaniasis with high sensitivity and specificity, but also for evaluating treatment and the endpoint determination of leishmaniasis.…”
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    Molecular Diagnosis of Leishmaniasis: Quantification of Parasite Load by a Real-Time PCR Assay with High Sensitivity
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