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  1. 5841
    “…BACKGROUND: Currently, there is no safe and effective vaccine against leishmaniasis and existing therapies are inadequate due to high toxicity, cost and decreased efficacy caused by the emergence of resistant parasite strains. …”
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    Antileishmanial activity of 5-nitroindazole derivatives
  2. 5842
    “…Based on reported frequency in descending order, the bacterial NTDs were leprosy, Escherichia coli enteritis, salmonellosis, cholera, shigellosis, melioidosis, leptospirosis and rickettsioses; the viral NTDs were dengue, chikungunya and Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) infection; the protozoal NTDs were amoebiasis, giardiasis and leishmaniasis, and the helminth NTDs were ascariasis, trichuriasis, hookworm disease, filariasis and strongyloidiasis. …”
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    A systematic review of neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) in Myanmar
  3. 5843
    por Cohen, Philip R
    Publicado 2023
    “…Human papillomavirus infection presenting as a verruca vulgaris is the most commonly associated infection; pox virus-related molluscum contagiosum is another viral infection that is less often observed associated with a cutaneous horn. Leishmaniasis, rhinosporidiosis, and cutaneous tuberculosis are rare cutaneous horn-related infections. …”
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    Cornu Cutaneum: Case Reports of Patients With a Cutaneous Horn Associated With Either a Verruca Vulgaris or an Inverted Follicular Keratosis and a Review of the Etiologies of Cutaneous Horns
  4. 5844
    “…These primates have also been used to study leishmaniasis, schistosomiasis, tuberculosis and various types of enteric infections. …”
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    269. Reference Data of Biochemical and Hematology Parameters in Juvenile and Adult Owl Monkeys (Aotus nancymaae) for Biomedical Research
  5. 5845
    “…BACKGROUND: The trypanosomatids Leishmania major, Trypanosoma brucei and Trypanosoma cruzi cause some of the most debilitating diseases of humankind: cutaneous leishmaniasis, African sleeping sickness, and Chagas disease. …”
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    Comparative analysis of the kinomes of three pathogenic trypanosomatids: Leishmania major, Trypanosoma brucei and Trypanosoma cruzi
  6. 5846
    “…Topically administered nitric oxide has demonstrated to be effective and safe for the treatment of chronic ulcers secondary to cutaneous leishmaniasis. However, due to their unstable nitric oxide release, the topical donors needed to be applied frequently, diminishing the adherence to the treatment. …”
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    Double blind, randomized, placebo controlled clinical trial for the treatment of diabetic foot ulcers, using a nitric oxide releasing patch: PATHON
  7. 5847
    Publicado 1994
    “…BALB/c mice infected with the intracellular protozoan Leishmania major mount a T helper cell 2 (Th2) response that fails to control growth of the parasite and results in the development of visceral leishmaniasis. Separation of CD4+ T cells into CD45RBhigh and CD45RBlow subsets showed that the L. major-specific Th2 cells were contained within the CD45RBlow population as these cells produced high levels of antigen- specific interleukin 4 (IL-4) in vitro and transferred a nonhealing response to L. major-infected C.B-17 scid mice. …”
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    Regulatory interactions between CD45RBhigh and CD45RBlow CD4+ T cells are important for the balance between protective and pathogenic cell- mediated immunity
  8. 5848
    Publicado 1995
    “…These results clearly point to an alternative strategy for the purification of proteins useful for the development of both vaccines and immunological diagnostic tools not only against leishmaniasis but also for other diseases caused by intracellular pathogens.…”
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    Cloning and expression of a Leishmania donovani gene instructed by a peptide isolated from major histocompatibility complex class II molecules of infected macrophages
  9. 5849
    “…Infected ICSBP-deficient mice developed fulminant, disseminated leishmaniasis as a result of failure to mount a Th1-mediated curative response, although T cells remained capable of secreting IFN-γ and macrophages of producing nitric oxide. …”
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    Interferon (IFN) Consensus Sequence-binding Protein, a Transcription Factor of the IFN Regulatory Factor Family, Regulates Immune Responses In Vivo through Control of Interleukin 12 Expression
  10. 5850
    “…BACKGROUND: Protozoan parasites of the genus Leishmania are causative agents of a diverse spectrum of human diseases collectively known as leishmaniasis. These eukaryotic pathogens that diverged early from the main eukaryotic lineage possess a number of unusual genomic, molecular and biochemical features. …”
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    The SIDER2 elements, interspersed repeated sequences that populate the Leishmania genomes, constitute subfamilies showing chromosomal proximity relationship
  11. 5851
    “…Visceral leishmaniasis is a potentially fatal infectious disease caused by the protozoan parasite Leishmania infantum/chagasi in the New World, or by L. donovani or L. infantum/chagasi in the Old World. …”
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    Macrophage and T-Cell Gene Expression in a Model of Early Infection with the Protozoan Leishmania chagasi
  12. 5852
    “…BACKGROUND: Leishmania infantum is the causative agent of visceral and cutaneous leishmaniasis in the Mediterranean region, South America, and China. …”
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    Differentiation and Gene Flow among European Populations of Leishmania infantum MON-1
  13. 5853
    “…BACKGROUND: Nearly 1300 cases of leishmaniasis have been identified in American military personnel deployed to Iraq and Afghanistan. …”
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    Habitat analysis of North American sand flies near veterans returning from leishmania-endemic war zones
  14. 5854
    “…BACKGROUND: One of the most important drawbacks in visceral leishmaniasis (VL) population studies is the difficulty of diagnosing asymptomatic carriers. …”
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    Inaccuracy of Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay Using Soluble and Recombinant Antigens to Detect Asymptomatic Infection by Leishmania infantum
  15. 5855
    “…METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: We screened human, dog, and fox sera from endemic areas of visceral leishmaniasis to identify potential markers of specific exposure to saliva of Lutzomyia longipalpis. …”
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    Discovery of Markers of Exposure Specific to Bites of Lutzomyia longipalpis, the Vector of Leishmania infantum chagasi in Latin America
  16. 5856
    “…CONCLUSION: These data suggest that NO resistance could be related to the nonresponsiveness to antimony therapy seen in American Tegumentary Leishmaniasis.…”
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    Resistance of Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis to nitric oxide: correlation with antimony therapy and TNF-α production
  17. 5857
    “…The L. braziliensis HASP-like proteins (named the orthologous (o) HASPs) are predominantly expressed on the plasma membrane in amastigotes and are recognised by immune sera taken from 4 out of 6 leishmaniasis patients tested in an endemic region of Brazil. …”
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    Leishmania-Specific Surface Antigens Show Sub-Genus Sequence Variation and Immune Recognition
  18. 5858
    “…OBJECTIVES: To support the Bangladesh National Kala-azar Elimination Programme (NKEP), we investigated the feasibility of using trained village volunteers for detecting post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis (PKDL) cases, using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for confirmation of diagnosis and treatment compliance by PKDL patients in Kanthal union of Trishal sub-district, Mymensingh, Bangladesh. …”
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    Enhanced Case Detection and Improved Diagnosis of PKDL in a Kala-azar-Endemic Area of Bangladesh
  19. 5859
    “…BACKGROUND: Leishmania braziliensis is the main causative agent of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Brazil. Protection against infection is related to development of Th1 responses, but the mechanisms that mediate susceptibility are still poorly understood. …”
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    BALB/c Mice Infected with Antimony Treatment Refractory Isolate of Leishmania braziliensis Present Severe Lesions due to IL-4 Production
  20. 5860
    “…BACKGROUND: Resistance of Leishmania donovani to pentavalent antimonials, the first-line treatment of visceral leishmaniasis (VL), has become a critical issue worldwide. …”
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    Therapy with Sodium Stibogluconate in Stearylamine-Bearing Liposomes Confers Cure against SSG-Resistant Leishmania donovani in BALB/c Mice
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