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“…The new collimation collaboration organized for EuCARD fully fulfilled its plans, including an optional crystal collimation experience. Novel more robust materials were characterized for collimator jaws. The smart collimator and cryo-catcher were designed, built and successfully tested. …”
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“…Each collimator is made up of two blocks or ‘jaws’ of carbon, tungsten or copper material. The collimator jaws need be placed symmetrically on either side of the beam trajectory, to clean halo particles with maximum efficiency. …”
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“…This choice of technology has been guided by the tight requirements on the material budget of 0.3 % x/X0 per layer for the three innermost layers and backed by the significant progress in the field of MAPS in recent years. …”
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“…The detector elements, consisting of the time projection chamber (TPC), the cold electronics (CE), and the photon detection system (PDS), are housed in a cryostat that contains the LAr target material. The cryostat, a free-standing steel-framed vessel with an insulated double membrane, is based on the technology used for liquefied natural gas (LNG) storage and transport. …”
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“…Systems of Units, Significant Figures, Coordinate Systems, and VectorsSystems of UnitsConversion of UnitsSignificant FiguresScientific NotationTrigonometryCoordinate SystemsVectorsAddition and Subtraction of VectorsGuideline for Determining the Direction of the ResultantMotion in One DimensionDisplacementAverage VelocityAverage SpeedInstantaneous VelocityAccelerationEquations of MotionFree-Falling ObjectTwo-Dimensional Motion and Circular MotionDisplacement, Velocity, and AccelerationEquations of Motion in Two DimensionsProjectile MotionUniform Circular MotionLinear Velocity, Angular Velocity, Period, and FrequencyNonuniform Circular MotionNewton's Laws: Implications and ApplicationsStatement of Newton's LawsDiscussion of Newton's Laws of MotionFree Body DiagramRemarks on the Application of Newton's Second and Third LawsNewton's Gravitational LawMass, Weight, and Newton's Gravitational LawNewton's Third Law and Apparent WeightDynamics of a Uniform Circular MotionNewton's Laws: Friction in Linear and Circular MotionsFrictional ForcesBanked RoadsWork and EnergyWorkWork-Energy TheoremConservative ForcesPotential EnergyNonconservative Forces and the Total Mechanical EnergyPowerLinear Momentum and CollisionSystems of ParticlesMotion of the Center of MassLinear Momentum of a System of ParticlesCollisions and Change in Linear MomentumImpulseCollisions in Two DimensionsTypes of CollisionRotational MotionAngular Kinematic QuantitiesRotational Motion in a PlaneTorqueRigid BodyMoment of InertiaParallel Axis TheoremEquilibrium of a Rigid BodyAngular MomentumRotational Kinetic EnergyA Rigid Body in Translational and Rotational MotionsTotal Mechanical Energy of a Rigid BodySimple Harmonic MotionHooke's LawPotential Energy of a SpringMass-Spring System in SHMSimple Pendulum in SHMThermal Physics: Temperature, Heat, and Thermal ExpansionHeat is a Form of Energy, Specific Heat, and Heat CapacityHeat and Internal EnergyZeroth Law of ThermodynamicsThermometers and Temperature ScalesThermal ExpansionCalorimetryHeat Transfer: Transfer by ConductionWaves and Wave MotionWave MotionTypes of WavesMathematical Treatment of an Ideal WaveIntensity of WavesSuperposition of Waves: Interference and Standing WavesFluidsPressure: Definition and UnitsPressure Within FluidsDensity of FluidsVariation of Pressure with Depth in a Static FluidPascal's Principle and ApplicationsArchimedes' PrincipleDynamics of Fluids: Equation of ContinuityBernoulli's EquationElectric Forces and FieldsIntroductionConductors and Insulators: Charged ObjectsCoulomb's LawThe Electric FieldConductors in an Electric FieldGauss' LawElectric Potential Energy and PotentialIntroductionPotential EnergyElectric PotentialElectric Potential of Point charges: Spatially Varying EDirect Current CircuitsIntroductionOhm's LawResistivitySimple CircuitsElectric PowerKirchhoff's RulesCapacitorsMagnetic Forces and FieldsIntroductionThe Magnetic FieldThe Magnetic Force on an Electric CurrentMagnetic Fields Produced by Moving ChargesMagnetic Materials and Permanent MagnetsElectromagnetic InductionIntroductionFaraday's LawElectric GeneratorsSelf-InductanceTransformersAlternating Current Electric CircuitsIntroductionAlternating SignalsPhase Relations in Simple AC CircuitsRCL Series CircuitRoot-Mean-Square Average Values, PowerElectromagnetic WavesIntroductionThe Electromagnetic SpectrumGeometrical OpticsIntroductionWavefronts and RaysReflectionRefractionThin LensesOptical InstrumentsPhysical (Wave) OpticsIntroductionDouble-Slit ExperimentThin-Film InterferenceSingle-Slit DiffractionThe Diffraction GratingPolarizationModern PhysicsIntroductionAtomsLine SpectraThe Bohr ModelBeyond the Bohr ModelThe Periodic Table of ElementsX-RaysQuantum PhysicsThermal RadiationWave-Particle DualityQuantum MechanicsThe Heisenberg Uncertainty PrincipleThe Atomic Nucleus, Radioactivity.…”
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“…The main challenges for the $^{204}$Tl measurement were the very high background due to the activity of the sample, the very low amount of material, and the limited knowledge of the geometry of the sample. …”
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“…The presence of upstream material causes electrons and photons to start showering before reaching the calorimeter. …”
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“…Heterostructured scintillators rely on the combination of two materials with complementary properties (e.g., high stopping power and ultra-fast scintillation kinetics) to take advantage from both. …”
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“…The second part of the thesis illustrates the steady-state cryostat thermal performance beginning with a short description of the heat transfer p rocesses involved in the cryostat thermal budget (Part 2-Chapter 1). An overview of material and helium properties is given in Annexes 2 and 3. …”
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“…Se realizó un estudio transversal, descriptivo, prospectivo, diseñado con el fin de demostrar que la odontología forense es importante para determinar la violencia física contra las mujeres, así como tipificar y clasificar las lesiones más frecuentes en cavidad oral, maxilares y/o tejidos que los recubren; fue realizado entre febrero 2017 y febrero del 2018 en pacientes que asisten a consulta en 2 albergues, casas de seguridad, y entidades clérigos donde son remitidas por el Instituto Veracruzano de las Mujeres. Material y Métodos: Se elaboraron tablas de contingencia con el objetivo de cuantificar las frecuencias de las variables analizadas (número de participantes con una característica determinada del total de participantes expresada en %) de las 268 mujeres evaluadas. …”
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“…This study investigated which maternal characteristics are associated with women’s referral from midwife-led to obstetrician-led care. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective cohort study in one midwife-led care practice in the Netherlands included 1096 low-risk women during January 2015–17. …”
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“…The aim of this study is to evaluate the ability of already existing scores and biomarkers to diagnose, describe the clinical status, and predict the evolution of patients with complicated urinary tract infection (UTI) and their risk of progressing to urosepsis. Materials and Methods: We conducted a retrospective study including patients diagnosed with UTI hospitalized in the urology department of” Sfântul Apostol Andrei” County Emergency Clinical Hospital (GCH) in Galati, Romania, from September 2019 to May 2022. …”
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“…Full-length articles published in English in peer-reviewed journals since 1 January 1980, and reporting original data on GnRH agonist treatment of pain symptoms associated with endometriosis were selected. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS: Information was extracted on study design, GnRH-agonist used, dosage, total duration of therapy, side effects, treatment adherence, and pelvic pain relief. …”
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“…The study was stopped at a planned interim analysis for futility after randomization of 278 women. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS: This trial was conducted at the Mater Mothers’ Hospital, a tertiary centre for maternity care in South Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. …”
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“…This study is to develop a hybrid deep learning (H‐DL) model for the segmentation of lung nodules with a wide variety of sizes, shapes, margins, and opacities. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A dataset collected from Lung Image Database Consortium image collection containing 847 cases with lung nodules manually annotated by at least two radiologists with nodule diameters greater than 7 mm and less than 45 mm was randomly split into 683 training/validation and 164 independent test cases. …”
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“…Degradation in the clinical setting takes the form of increased noise, reduced material quantification accuracy, and image artifacts. …”
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