“…Lack of or non-functional equipment poses challenges for screening, diagnosing, and treating postnatal emergencies. Frequent stock-outs of essential drugs and supplies, particularly, hydralazine, antibiotics, oxygen, and blood products for transfusions were more common at health centers compared to hospitals. …”
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“…INTRODUCTION Some Examples The Scope of this Book Use of Statistical Software STATISTICAL INFERENCE FOR BINARY DATA The Binomial Distribution Inference about the Success Probability Comparison of Two Proportions Comparison of Two or More Proportions MODELS FOR BINARY AND BINOMIAL DATA Statistical Modelling Linear Models Methods of Estimation Fitting Linear Models to Binomial Data Models for Binomial Response Data The Linear Logistic Model Fitting the Linear Logistic Model to Binomial Data Goodness of Fit of a Linear Logistic Model Comparing Linear Logistic Models Linear Trend in Proportions Comparing Stimulus-Response Relationships Non-Convergence and Overfitting Some other Goodness of Fit Statistics Strategy for Model Selection Predicting a Binary Response Probability BIOASSAY AND SOME OTHER APPLICATIONS The Tolerance Distribution Estimating an Effective Dose Relative Potency Natural Response Non-Linear Logistic Regression Models Applications of the Complementary Log-Log Model MODEL CHECKING Definition of Residuals Checking the Form of the Linear Predictor Checking the Adequacy of the Link Function Identification of Outlying Observations Identification of Influential Observations Checking the Assumption of a Binomial Distribution Model Checking for Binary Data Summary and Recommendations OVERDISPERSION Potential Causes of Overdispersion Modelling Variability in Response Probabilities Modelling Correlation Between Binary Responses Modelling Overdispersed Data A Model with a Constant Scale Parameter The Beta-Binomial Model Discussion MODELLING DATA FROM EPIDEMIOLOGICAL STUDIES Basic Designs for Aetiological Studies Measures of Association Between Disease and Exposure Confounding and Interaction The Linear Logistic Model for Data from Cohort Studies Interpreting the Parameters in a Linear Logistic Model The Linear Logistic Model for Data from Case-Control Studies Matched Case-Control Studies MIXED MODELS FOR BINARY DATA Fixed and Random Effects Mixed Models for Binary Data Multilevel Modelling Mixed Models for Longitudinal Data Analysis Mixed Models in Meta-Analysis Modelling Overdispersion Using Mixed Models EXACT METHODS Comparison of Two Proportions Using an Exact Test Exact Logistic Regression for a Single Parameter Exact Hypothesis Tests Exact Confidence Limits for bkExact Logistic Regression for a Set of Parameters Some Examples Discussion SOME ADDITIONAL TOPICS Ordered Categorical Data Analysis of Proportions and Percentages Analysis of Rates Analysis of Binary Time Series Modelling Errors in the Measurement of Explanatory Variables Multivariate Binary Data Analysis of Binary Data from Cross-Over Trials Experimental Design COMPUTER SOFTWARE FOR MODELLING BINARY DATA Statistical Packages for Modelling Binary Data Interpretation of Computer Output Using Packages to Perform Some Non-Standard Analyses Appendix A: Values of logit(p) and probit(p) Appendix B: Some Derivations Appendix C: Additional Data Sets References Index of Examples Index.…”
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“…There were significant differences in the number of pull-outs between 2015 and 2016, 2015 and 2017, and 2015 and 2018. (2) The quadratic term of BMI could predict the upper body physical fitness in the same year and the following year. …”
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“…The COVID-19 pandemic was also described to obstruct the demand (fear of COVID-19, movement restrictions) and supply (de-prioritised, stock-outs) for HIV prevention services. Nonetheless, under certain formal and informal circumstances, such as accessing other and more prioritised health services, or ‘knowing the right people’, some participants were able to access HIV prevention methods. …”
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“…No significant difference was observed for the tested immunological read-outs, with the exception of the frequency of CRTH2(+) Treg cells, which was remarkably reduced in the VitD-treated patients. …”
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“…The result of the study showed no statistical association between comorbidity and the predictors drinking habit, smoking, physical activity, vegetable consumption, eat outs, and sleep perception for the Qatar population, and for the combined population. …”
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“…OBJECTIVE: The present study was performed to describe the ambulance transfer processes of obstetric emergencies by analyzing cases arriving at Kawempe National Referral Hospital (KNRH) from outlying health facilities METHODS: The study was based at KNRH in Kampala, Uganda. …”
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“…Herein, we describe and classify program adaptations reported during in-depth interviews and focus group discussions with worksite managers, program staff, peer educators involved in program delivery, and program participants and drop-outs. We used thematic analysis to identify key themes in the data and classified reported program adaptations using the FRAME classification system. …”
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“…Overall, people having home gardens was associated lower odds for severe obesity compared to those without a home garden in overlap weighting models (odds ratio (OR) = 0.946, 95% CI = 0.897-0.997, P = 0.039) and the association was stronger in Funafuti (OR = 0.927, 95% CI = 0.866-0.991, P = 0.027) than in the outlying islands (OR = 0.967, 95% CI = 0.889-1.052, P = 0.435). …”
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“…Then we test the effect of gene knock-outs on the size of the solution space in the case of E. coli central metabolism. …”
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“…RESULTS: 54 participants were recruited into the study, with an average age of 76. There were 9 drop outs, 45 completing the study. All participants in the pedometer group found the pedometers easy to use and there was good compliance with diary keeping (96% in the pedometer group and 83% in the theory-based intervention alone group). …”
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“…Caregivers were particularly motivated by seeing children begin to get better; but faced challenges in meeting the costs of medicine and transport, waiting times in clinic, stock outs and remembering to support children to adhere in the face of multiple responsibilities. …”
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“…The study group should comprise a representative sample of pre-frail 80-year old persons still living at home in two municipalities of Gothenburg. To allow for drop-outs, it was estimated that a total of about 450 persons would need to be included in the study. …”
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“…More health facility surveys, together with qualitative research, are needed to understand the role of ACT stock-outs on provider prescribing behaviours and preferences.…”
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“…A random effects funnel plot was used to identify outlying hospitals. The outliers from the SHMI over the period 2005-10 have previously been identified using other mortality indicators. …”
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“…METHODOLOGY AND PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: 84 volunteer first-year medical students were randomly assigned to one of two groups. Three drop-outs occurred. The intervention group (IG; n = 41) trained IV cannulation in a skills laboratory receiving instruction after Peyton's ‘Four-Step Approach’. …”
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“…Many barriers to HIV testing have been described including long waiting times, transport to reach facilities, fear of lack of confidentiality and health systems factors such as stock outs of HIV test kits. The aim of this study was to undertake a community survey to determine rates of HCT in a rural area in order to plan a community intervention. …”
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“…Infection was quantified by using a range of assay read-outs including extra- or intra-cellular p24 antigen detection, luciferase, beta-galactosidase or green fluorescent protein (GFP) reporter gene expression. …”
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“…CONCLUSIONS: The poor performance of the national ART programme, due to patient non-adherence and drug stock outs, requires corrective measures to limit risks of HIVDR emergence in Cameroon.…”
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“…However, we found very high inter-observer variabilities (Kappa 0.04–0.14) in the read-outs of the G2 carcinomas. It was not possible to explain the inconsistencies exclusively by any of the following factors: (i) pathologists' divergent definitions of what counts as a positive nucleus (ii) the mode of assessment (counting vs. eyeballing), (iii) immunostaining technique, and (iv) the selection of the tumor area in which to count. …”
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