“…In this study, we analyze the definitions and the penalties for hacking for each country and compare them with the national law and then make suggestions through more specific legislation. …”
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“…The main specificity of the scoring scheme is the introduction of a penalty cost accounting for frameshift extension length to compute an adequate similarity score for a CDS alignment. …”
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“…Here we demonstrate that the regulation of photosynthesis imposes a penalty on growth in fluctuating light for frequencies in the range of 0.01 to 0.1 Hz (organisms studied: Synechococcus elongatus and Chlamydomonas reinhardtii). …”
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“…The penalty function is partially exact if the partial Karush–Kuhn–Tucker (KKT) condition is true. …”
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“…With increase in the penalty parameters, a sequence of penalty subproblems required being solved by the penalty decomposition method may be time consuming. …”
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“…Traditional C-SVM holds a uniform parameter C for both positive and negative instances; however, according to the different number proportions and the data distribution, positive and negative instances should be set with different weights for the penalty parameter of the error terms. Therefore, in this paper, we propose density-based penalty parameter optimization of C-SVM. …”
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“…We ask whether cooperative behavior is further promoted in a small cooperative society in which social penalty is devised. We analyze hawk-dove game and prisoner’s dilemma introducing social penalty. …”
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“…We found that in comparison to the same task without a penalty area, the introduction of a penalty area immediately affected eye movement behaviour: the proportion of saccades to the penalty area was immediately reduced. …”
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“…The aim of this study was to determine the effects of changing the distance of the penalty shot in water polo from 4 to 5 m. While a shorter distance made the penalty shot more effective, it also reduced the use of this sanction. …”
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“…Two sparsity recovery algorithms are developed based on the traditional [Formula: see text]-norm penalty and the novel generalized minimax concave (GMC) penalty, respectively. …”
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“…The effectiveness of the death penalty to deter heinous crimes remains a contentious issue even though it has been abolished in many countries. …”
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“…We analyzed penalty takers' and goalkeepers' behavior during penalty shoot-outs at FIFA World Cups and UEFA European Championships to scrutinize if temporal aspects of decision making have an impact on penalty kick success. …”
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“…In this paper, the element satisfies the assumption of the straight normal of the shell and we established penalty functions in the thickness direction of the shell. …”
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“….; namely, the rural mortality penalty of disproportionately higher mortality rates in these areas. …”
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