Layout and Assembly Technique of the GEM Chambers for the Upgrade of the CMS First Muon Endcap Station

por Abbaneo, D., Abbas, M., Abbrescia, M., Abdalla, H., Ahmad, A., Ahmed, A., Ahmed, W., Ali, C., Asghar, I., Aspell, P., Assran, Y., Avila, C., Ban, Y., Band, R., Bansal, S., Bencze, G., Beni, N., Benussi, L., Bhatnagar, V., Bhopatkar, V., Bianco, M., Bianco, S., Borgonovi, L., Bouhali, O., Braghieri, A., Braibant-Giacomelli, S., Bravo, C., Cafaro, V., Calabria, C., Salazar, C., Caponero, M., Cassese, F., Hernandez, A., Cavallo, F., Cavallo, N., Choi, Y., Colafranceschi, S., Colaleo, A., Conde Garcia, A., Dalchenko, M., De Lentdecker, G., Olio, D. Dell, De Robertis, G., Dildick, S., Dorney, B., Endroczi, G., Erbacher, R., Errico, F., Fallavollita, F., Fallavollita, F., Fontanesi, E., Franco, M., Giacomelli, P., Gigli, S., Gilmore, J., Giordano, V., Gola, M., Gruchala, M., Guiducci, L., Gupta, R., Gutierrez, A., Hadjiiska, R., Hakkarainen, T., Hauser, J., Heidemann, C., Hoepfner, K., Hohlmann, M., Hoorani, H., Huang, H., Huang, Q., Huang, T., Iaydjiev, P., Inseok, Y., Irshad, A., Jeng, Y., Jha, V., Juodagalvis, A., Juska, E., Kamon, T., Karchin, P., Kaur, A., Keller, H., Khan, W., Kim, J., Kim, H., King, R., Kumar, A., Kumari, P., Lacalamita, N., Lee, J., Lenzi, T., Leonard, A., Levin, A., Li, Q., Licciulli, F., Litov, L., Loddo, F., Lohan, M., Maggi, M., Magnani, A., Majumdar, N., Malhotra, S., Marinov, A., Martirodonna, S., McColl, N., McLean, C., Merlin, J., Mishra, D., Mocellin, G., Mohamed, S., Mohamed, T., Molnar, J., Moureaux, L., Muhammad, S., Mukhopadhyay, S., Murtaza, S., Naimuddin, M., Vanegas, N., Netrakanti, P., Nuzzo, S., Oliveira, R., Pant, L., Paolucci, P., Park, I., Passamonti, L., Passeggio, G., Pastore, C., Pavlov, B., Peck, A., Petrow, H., Philipps, B., Piccolo, D., Pierluigi, D., Primavera, F., Radogna, R., Raffone, G., Rahmani, M., Ranieri, A., Rapsevicius, V., Rashevski, G., Ressegotti, M., Riccardi, C., Rodozov, M., Romano, E., Roskas, C., Rout, P., Russo, A., Safonov, A., Saltzberg, D., Saviano, G., Shah, A.H., Sharma, A., Sharma, A., Sharma, R., Shopova, M., Simone, F., Singh, J.B., Soldani, E., Starling, E., Sturdy, J., Sultan, A., Sultanov, G., Szillasi, Z., Thyssen, F., Tuuva, T., Tytgat, M., Ujvari, B., Vai, I., Venditti, R., Verwilligen, P., Vitulo, P., Wang, D., Yang, Y., Yang, U., Yonamine, R., Yu, I., Zaleski, S.
Publicado 2018

Performance of prototype GE1 ∕ 1 chambers for the CMS muon spectrometer upgrade

por Abbas, M., Abbrescia, M., Abdalla, H., Abu Zeid, S., Agapitos, A., Ahmad, A., Ahmed, A., Ahmed, A., Ahmed, W., Amarjeet, S., Asghar, I., Aspell, P., Avila, C., Babbar, J., Ban, Y., Band, R., Bansal, S., Benussi, L., Bhatnagar, V., Bianco, M., Bianco, S., Black, K., Borgonovi, L., Bouhali, O., Braghieri, A., Braibant, S., Butalla, S., Calzaferri, S., Caponero, M., Cassese, F., Cavallo, N., Chauhan, S., Colafranceschi, S., Colaleo, A., Conde Garcia, A., Dalchenko, M., De Iorio, A., De Lentdecker, G., Dell Olio, D., De Robertis, G., Dharmaratna, W., Dildick, S., Dorney, B., Erbacher, R., Fabozzi, F., Fallavollita, F., Fiorina, D., Fontanesi, E., Franco, M., Galloni, C., Giacomelli, P., Gilmore, J., Gola, M., Gruchala, M., Gutierrez, A., Hadjiiska, R., Hakkarainen, T., Hauser, J., Hoepfner, K., Hohlmann, M., Hoorani, H., Huang, T., Iaydjiev, P., Irshad, A., Iorio, A., Jaramillo, J., Jeong, D., Jha, V., Juodagalvis, A., Juska, E., Kamon, T., Karchin, P., Kaur, A., Kaur, H., Keller, H., Kim, H., Kim, J., Kumar, A., Kumar, S., Kumawat, H., Lacalamita, N., Lee, J., Levin, A., Li, Q., Licciulli, F., Lista, L., Loddo, F., Lohan, M., Luhach, M., Maggi, M., Majumdar, N., Malagalage, K., Malhorta, S., Martiradonna, S., Mccoll, N., McLean, C., Merlin, J., Mishra, D., Mocellin, G., Moureaux, L., Muhammad, A., Muhammad, S., Mukhopadhyay, S., Naimuddin, M., Netrakanti, P., Nuzzo, S., Oliveira, R., Pant, L., Paolucci, P., Park, I., Passamonti, L., Passeggio, G., Peck, A., Petre, L., Petrow, H., Piccolo, D., Pierluigi, D., Raffone, G., Rahmani, M., Ramirez, F., Ranieri, A., Rashevski, G., Ressegotti, M., Riccardi, C., Rodozov, M., Roskas, C., Rossi, B., Rout, P., Ruiz, J.D., Russo, A., Safonov, A., Saltzberg, D., Saviano, G., Shah, A., Sharma, A., Sharma, R., Shopova, M., Simone, F., Singh, J., Soldani, E., Sonnadara, U., Starling, E., Stone, B., Sturdy, J., Sultanov, G., Szillasi, Z., Teague, D., Teyssier, D., Tuuva, T., Tytgat, M., Vai, I., Vanegas, N., Venditti, R., Verwilligen, P., Vetens, W., Virdi, A., Vitulo, P., Wajid, A., Wang, D., Wang, K., Wickramage, N., Yang, Y., Yang, U., Yongho, J., Yoon, I., You, Z., Yu, I., Zaleski, S.
Publicado 2019

The Forward Muon Detector of L3

por Adam, A, Aguilar-Benítez, M, Alarcon, J, Alberdi, J, Alexandrov, V S, Aloisio, A, Alviggi, M G, Anderhub, H, Ariza, M, Azemoon, T, Aziz, T, Bakker, F, Banerjee, S, Banicz, K, Barcala, J M, Becker, U, Berdugo, J, Berges, P, Betev, B L, Biland, A, Bobbink, Gerjan J, Böck, R K, Böhm, A, Borisov, V S, Bosseler, K, Bouvier, P, Brambilla, Elena, Burger, J D, Burgos, C, Buskens, J, Carlier, J C, Carlino, G, Causaus, J, Cavallo, N, Cerjak, I, Cerrada-Canales, M, Chang, Y H, Chen, H S, Chendvankar, S R, Chvatchkine, V B, Daniel, M, De Asmundis, R, Decreuse, G, Deiters, K, Djambazov, L, Duraffourg, P, Erné, F C, Esser, H, Ezekiev, S, Faber, G, Fabre, M, Fernández, G, Freudenreich, Klaus, Fritschi, M, García-Abia, P, González, A, Gurtu, A, Gutay, L J, Haller, C, Herold, W D, Herrmann, J M, Hervé, A, Hofer, H, Höfer, M, Hofer, T, Homma, J, Horisberger, Urs, Horváth, I L, Ingenito, P, Innocente, Vincenzo, Ioudine, I, Jaspers, M, de Jong, P, Kästli, W, Kaspar, H, Kitov, V, König, A C, Koutsenko, V F, Lanzano, S, Lapoint, C, Lebedev, A, Lecomte, P, Lista, L, Lübelsmeyer, K, Lustermann, W, Ma, J M, Milesi, M, Molinero, A, Montero, A, Moore, R, Nahn, S, Navarrete, J J, Okle, M, Orlinov, I, Ostojic, R, Pandoulas, D, Paolucci, P, Parascandolo, P, Passeggio, G, Patricelli, S, Peach, D, Piccolo, D, Pigni, L, Postema, H, Puras, C, Ren, D, Rewiersma, P A M, Rietmeyer, A, Riles, K, Risco, J, Robohm, A, Rodin, J, Röser, U, Romero, L, Van Rossum, W, Rykaczewski, H, Sarakinos, M E, Sassowsky, M, Shchegelskii, V, Scholz, N, Schultze, K, Schuylenburg, H, Sciacca, C, Seiler, P G, Siedenburg, T, Siedling, R, Smith, B, Soulimov, V, Sadhakar, K, Syben, O, Tonutti, M, Udovcic, A, Ulbricht, J, Veillet, L, Vergain, M, Viertel, Gert M, Von Gunten, H P, Vorobyov, A A, Vrankovic, V, De Waard, A, Waldmeier-Wicki, S, Wallraff, W, Walter, H C, Wang, J C, Wei, Z L, Wetter, R, Willmott, C, Wittgenstein, F, Wu, R J, Yang, K S, Zhou, L, Zhou, Y, Zuang, H L
Publicado 1996

Operational Experience With the GEM Detector Assembly Lines for the CMS Forward Muon Upgrade

por Abbaneo, D, Abbrescia, M, Ahmad, A, Ahmed, W, Ali, C, Altieri, P R, Amr, M, Asghar, I, Aspell, P, Assran, Y, Avila, C, Ban, Y, Band, R, Bansal, S, Bencze, G, Beni, N, Benussi, L, Bhatnagar, V, Bhopatkar, V, Bianco, M, Bianco, S, Borgonovi, L, Bouhali, O, Braibant-Giacomelli, S, Bravo, C, Cafaro, V, Calabria, C, Caponero, M, Cassese, F, Hernandez, A Castaneda, Cavallo, F R, Cavallo, N, Chen, G, Chhibra, S S, Choi, S, Colafranceschi, S, Colaleo, A, Conde Garcia, A, Dabrowski, M M, Dalchenko, M, Lentdecker, G De, de Robertis, G, Dildick, S, Dong, J, Dorney, B, Endroczi, G, Erbacher, R, Errico, F, Fallavollita, F, Giacomelli, P, Gigli, S G, Gilmore, J, Giordano, V, Gola, M, Gonzalez Hernandez, C F, Gruchala, M, Guiducci, L, Gupta, R, Gutierrez, A, Hadjiiska, R, Hakkarainen, T, Hasbuddin, Md, Hauser, J, Heidemann, C, Hoepfner, K, Hohlmann, M, Hoorani, H, Huang, H, Huang, T, Iaydjiev, P, Jha, V, Juodagalvis, A, Juska, E, Kamon, T, Karchin, P E, Kaur, A, Keller, H, Khan, W A, Kim, J S, Kim, H, Kotsokechagia, A, Kumar, A, Kumari, P, Lee, J S H, Lenzi, T, Leonard, A, Leroux, P, Li, Q, Litov, L, Loddo, F, Lohan, M, Maerschalk, T, Maggi, M, Magnani, A, Majumdar, N, Makovec, A, Malhotra, S, Marinov, A, McColl, N, McLean, C, Merlin, J A, Mishra, D K, Mohamed, S, Mohamed, T, Molnar, J, Muhammad, S, Mukhopadhyay, S, Naimuddin, Md, Netrakant, P K, Nuzzo, S, Pant, L M, Paolucci, P, Park, I, Passamonti, L, Passeggio, G, Pavlov, B, Peck, A, Petrow, H, Philipps, B, Piccolo, D, Pierluigi, D, Primavera, F, Purohit, A, Radogna, R, Raffone, G, Rahmani, M, Ranieri, A, Rapsevicius, V, Rashevski, G, Ressegotti, M, Riccardi, C, Rodozov, M, Romano, E, Ruiz Alvarez, J D, Russo, A, King, R, Safonov, A, Saltzberg, D, Salva, S, Saviano, G, Shah, A, Sharma, A, Sharma, A, Sharma, R, Shopova, M, Simone, F, Singh, J B, Soldani, E, Sturdy, J, Sultan, A, Sultanov, G, Szillasi, Z, Tavernier, F, Thyssen, F, Tuuva, T, Tytgat, M, Ujvari, B, Vai, I, Venditti, R, Verwilligen, P, Vitulo, P, Wang, D, Yang, Y, Yang, U, Yang, X, Yonamine, R, Zaleski, S, Zenoni, F, Starling, E R
Publicado 2018

Detector Control System for the GE1/1 slice test

por Abbas, M, Abbrescia, M, Abdalla, H, Zeid, S Abu, Agapitos, A, Ahmad, A, Ahmed, A, Ahmed, A, Ahmed, W, Amarjeet, S, Asghar, I, Aspell, P, Avila, C, Babbar, J, Ban, Y, Band, R, Bansal, S, Benussi, L, Bhatnagar, V, Bianco, M, Bianco, S, Black, K, Borgonovi, L, Bouhali, O, Braghieri, A, Braibant, S, Butalla, S, Calzaferri, S, Caponero, M, Cassese, F, Cavallo, N, Chauhan, S, Colafranceschi, S, Colaleo, A, Garcia, A Conde, Dalchenko, M, Iorio, A De, Lentdecker, G De, Olio, D Dell, Robertis, G De, Dharmaratna, W, Dildick, S, Dorney, B, Erbacher, R, Fabozzi, F, Fallavollita, F, Fiorina, D, Fontanesi, E, Franco, M, Galloni, C, Giacomelli, P, Gilmore, J, Gola, M, Gruchala, M, Gutierrez, A, Hadjiiska, R, Hakkarainen, T, Hauser, J, Hoepfner, K, Hohlmann, M, Hoorani, H, Huang, T, Iaydjiev, P, Irshad, A, Iorio, A, Jaramillo, J, Jeong, D, Jha, V, Juodagalvis, A, Juska, E, Kamon, T, Karchin, P, Kaur, A, Kaur, H, Keller, H, Kim, H, Kim, J, Kumar, A, Kumar, S, Kumawat, H, Lacalamita, N, Lee, J, Levin, A, Li, Q, Licciulli, F, Lista, L, Loddo, F, Lohan, M, Luhach, M, Maggi, M, Majumdar, N, Malagalage, K, Malhorta, S, Martiradonna, S, Mccoll, N, McLean, C, Merlin, J, Mishra, D, Mocellin, G, Moureaux, L, Muhammad, A, Muhammad, S, Mukhopadhyay, S, Murtaza, S, Naimuddin, M, Netrakanti, P, Nuzzo, S, Oliveira, R, Pant, L, Paolucci, P, Park, I, Passamonti, L, Passeggio, G, Peck, A, Petre, L, Petrow, H, Piccolo, D, Pierluigi, D, Raffone, G, Rahmani, M, Ramirez, F, Ranieri, A, Rashevski, G, Ressegotti, M, Riccardi, C, Rodozov, M, Roskas, C, Rossi, B, Rout, P, Ruiz, J D, Russo, A, Safonov, A, Saltzberg, D, Saviano, G, Shah, A, Sharma, A, Sharma, R, Shopova, M, Simone, F, Singh, J, Soldani, E, Sonnadara, U, Starling, E, Stone, B, Sturdy, J, Sultanov, G, Szillasi, Z, Teague, D, Teyssier, D, Tuuva, T, Tytgat, M, Vai, I, Vanegas, N, Venditti, R, Verwilligen, P, Vetens, W, Virdi, A, Vitulo, P, Wajid, A, Wang, D, Wang, K, Wickramage, N, Yang, Y, Yang, U, Yongho, J, Yoon, I, You, Z, Yu, I, Zaleski, S
Publicado 2020

Two years’ test of a temperature sensing system based on fibre Bragg grating technology for the CMS GE1/1 detectors

por Abbas, M, Abbrescia, M, Abdalla, H, Abu Zeid, S, Agapitos, A, Ahmad, A, Ahmed, A, Ahmed, A, Ahmed, W, Amarjeet, S, Asghar, I, Aspell, P, Avila, C, Babbar, J, Ban, Y, Band, R, Bansal, S, Benussi, L, Bhatnagar, V, Bianco, M, Bianco, S, Black, K, Borgonovi, L, Bouhali, O, Braghieri, A, Braibant, S, Butalla, S, Calzaferri, S, Caponero, M, Cassese, F, Cavallo, N, Chauhan, S, Colafranceschi, S, Colaleo, A, Conde Garcia, A, Dalchenko, M, De Iorio, A, De Lentdecker, G, Dell Olio, D, De Robertis, G, Dharmaratna, W, Dildick, S, Dorney, B, Erbacher, R, Fabozzi, F, Fallavollita, F, Fiorina, D, Fontanesi, E, Franco, M, Galloni, C, Giacomelli, P, Gilmore, J, Gola, M, Gruchala, M, Gutierrez, A, Hadjiiska, R, Hakkarainen, T, Hauser, J, Hoepfner, K, Hohlmann, M, Hoorani, H, Huang, T, Iaydjiev, P, Irshad, A, Iorio, A, Jaramillo, J, Jeong, D, Jha, V, Juodagalvis, A, Juska, E, Kamon, T, Karchin, P, Kaur, A, Kaur, H, Keller, H, Kim, H, Kim, J, Kumar, A, Kumar, S, Kumawat, H, Lacalamita, N, Lee, J, Levin, A, Li, Q, Licciulli, F, Lista, L, Loddo, F, Lohan, M, Luhach, M, Maggi, M, Majumdar, N, Malagalage, K, Malhorta, S, Martiradonna, S, Mccoll, N, McLean, C, Merlin, J, Mishra, D, Mocellin, G, Moureaux, L, Muhammad, A, Muhammad, S, Mukhopadhyay, S, Naimuddin, M, Netrakanti, P, Nuzzo, S, Oliveira, R, Pant, L, Paolucci, P, Park, I, Passamonti, L, Passeggio, G, Peck, A, Petre, L, Petrow, H, Piccolo, D, Pierluigi, D, Raffone, G, Rahmani, M, Ramirez, F, Ranieri, A, Rashevski, G, Ressegotti, M, Riccardi, C, Rodozov, M, Roskas, C, Rossi, B, Rout, P, Ruiz, J D, Russo, A, Safonov, A, Saltzberg, D, Saviano, G, Shah, A, Sharma, A, Sharma, R, Shopova, M, Simone, F, Singh, J, Soldani, E, Sonnadara, U, Starling, E, Stone, B, Sturdy, J, Sultanov, G, Szillasi, Z, Teague, D, Teyssier, D, Tuuva, T, Tytgat, M, Vai, I, Vanegas, N, Venditti, R, Verwilligen, P, Vetens, W, Virdi, A, Vitulo, P, Wajid, A, Wang, D, Wang, K, Wickramage, N, Yang, Y, Yang, U, Yongho, J, Yoon, I, You, Z, Yu, I, Zaleski, S
Publicado 2020

Triple-GEM discharge probability studies at CHARM: simulations and experimental results

por Abbas, M, Abbrescia, M, Abdalla, H, Abdelalim, A, AbuZeid, S, Agapitos, A, Ahmad, A, Ahmed, A, Ahmed, W, Aimè, C, Asghar, I, Aspell, P, Avila, C, Babbar, J, Ban, Y, Band, R, Bansal, S, Benussi, L, Bhatnagar, V, Bianco, M, Bianco, S, Black, K, Borgonovi, L, Bouhali, O, Braghieri, A, Braibant, S, Butalla, S, Calzaferri, S, Caponero, M, Cassese, F, Cavallo, N, Chauhan, S, Colafranceschi, S, Colaleo, A, Garcia, A Conde, Dalchenko, M, Iorio, A De, Lentdecker, G De, Olio, D Dell, Robertis, G De, Dharmaratna, W, Dildick, S, Dorney, B, Erbacher, R, Fabozzi, F, Fallavollita, F, Ferraro, A, Fiorina, D, Fontanesi, E, Franco, M, Galloni, C, Giacomelli, P, Gigli, S, Gilmore, J, Gola, M, Gruchala, M, Gutierrez, A, Hadjiiska, R, Hakkarainen, T, Hauser, J, Hoepfner, K, Hohlmann, M, Hoorani, H, Huang, T, Iaydjiev, P, Irshad, A, Iorio, A, Jaramillo, J, Jeong, D, Jha, V, Juodagalvis, A, Juska, E, Kailasapathy, B, Kamon, T, Karchin, P, Kaur, A, Kaur, H, Keller, H, Kim, H, Kim, J, Kumar, A, Kumar, S, Kumawat, H, Lacalamita, N, Lee, J S H, Levin, A, Li, Q, Licciulli, F, Lista, L, Liyanage, K, Loddo, F, Lohan, M, Luhach, M, Maggi, M, Majumdar, N, Malagalage, K, Malhorta, S, Martiradonna, S, Mccoll, N, McLean, C, Merlin, J, Mishra, D, Mocellin, G, Moureaux, L, Muhammad, A, Muhammad, S, Mukhopadhyay, S, Naimuddin, M, Netrakanti, P, Nuzzo, S, Oliveira, R, Pant, L, Paolucci, P, Park, I C, Passamonti, L, Passeggio, G, Peck, A, Perera, N, Petre, L, Petrow, H, Piccolo, D, Pierluigi, D, Raffone, G, Rahmani, M, Ramirez, F, Ranieri, A, Rashevski, G, Ressegotti, M, Riccardi, C, Rodozov, M, Romano, E, Roskas, C, Rossi, B, Rout, P, Ruiz, J D, Russo, A, Safonov, A, Saltzberg, D, Saviano, G, Shah, A, Sharma, A, Sharma, R, Shopova, M, Simone, F, Singh, J, Soldani, E, Sonnadara, U, Starling, E, Stone, B, Sturdy, J, Sultanov, G, Szillasi, Z, Teague, D, Teyssier, D, Tuuva, T, Tytgat, M, Vai, I, Vanegas, N, Venditti, R, Verwilligen, P, Vetens, W, Virdi, A, Vitulo, P, Wajid, A, Wang, D, Wang, K, Watson, I, Wickramage, N, Wickramarathna, D D C, Yang, Y, Yang, U, Yongho, J, Yoon, I, You, Z, Yu, I, Zaleski, S
Publicado 2020

Interstrip Capacitances of the Readout Board used in Large Triple-GEM Detectors for the CMS Muon Upgrade

por Abbas, M., Abbrescia, M., Abdalla, H., Abdelalim, A., AbuZeid, S., Agapitos, A., Ahmad, A., Ahmed, A., Ahmed, W., Aimè, C., Aruta, C., Asghar, I., Aspell, P., Avila, C., Babbar, J., Ban, Y., Band, R., Bansal, S., Benussi, L., Bhatnagar, V., Bianco, M., Bianco, S., Black, K., Borgonovi, L., Bouhali, O., Braghieri, A., Braibant, S., Butalla, S., Calzaferri, S., Caponero, M., Cassese, F., Cavallo, N., Chauhan, S., Colaleo, A., Collins, J., Conde Garcia, A., Dalchenko, M., De Iorio, A., De Lentdecker, G., Dell Olio, D., De Robertis, G., Dharmaratna, W., Dildick, S., Dorney, B., Erbacher, R., Fabozzi, F., Fallavollita, F., Ferraro, A., Fiorina, D., Fontanesi, E., Franco, M., Galloni, C., Giacomelli, P., Gigli, S., Gilmore, J., Gola, M., Gruchala, M., Gutierrez, A., Hadjiiska, R., Hakkarainen, T., Hauser, J., Hoepfner, K., Hohlmann, M., Hoorani, H., Huang, T., Iaydjiev, P., Irshad, A., Iorio, A., Ivone, F., Jaramillo, J., Jeong, D., Jha, V., Juodagalvis, A., Juska, E., Kailasapathy, B., Kamon, T., Karchin, P., Kaur, A., Kaur, H., Keller, H., Kim, H., Kim, J., Kumar, A., Kumar, S., Kumawat, H., Lacalamita, N., Lee, J.S.H., Levin, A., Li, Q., Licciulli, F., Lista, L., Liyanage, K., Loddo, F., Lohan, M., Luhach, M., Maggi, M., Maghrbi, Y., Majumdar, N., Malagalage, K., Malhotra, S., Martiradonna, S., Mccoll, N., McLean, C., Merlin, J., Misheva, M., Mishra, D., Mocellin, G., Moureaux, L., Muhammad, A., Muhammad, S., Mukhopadhyay, S., Naimuddin, M., Netrakanti, P., Nuzzo, S., Oliveira, R., Pant, L., Paolucci, P., Park, I.C., Passamonti, L., Passeggio, G., Peck, A., Perera, N., Petre, L., Petrow, H., Piccolo, D., Pierluigi, D., Raffone, G., Rahmani, M., Ramirez, F., Ranieri, A., Rashevski, G., Ressegotti, M., Riccardi, C., Rodozov, M., Romano, E., Roskas, C., Rossi, B., Rout, P., Roy, D., Ruiz, J.D., Russo, A., Safonov, A., Saltzberg, D., Saviano, G., Shah, A., Sharma, A., Sharma, R., Shopova, M., Simone, F., Singh, J., Soldani, E., Sonnadara, U., Starling, E., Stone, B., Sturdy, J., Sultanov, G., Szillasi, Z., Teague, D., Teyssier, D., Tuuva, T., Tytgat, M., Vai, I., Vanegas, N., Venditti, R., Verwilligen, P., Vetens, W., Virdi, A., Vitulo, P., Wajid, A., Wang, D., Wang, K., Watson, I.J., Weatherwax, J., Wickramage, N., Wickramarathna, D.D.C., Yang, Y., Yang, U., Yongho, J., Yoon, I., You, Z., Yu, I., Zaleski, S.
Publicado 2020

Performance of a triple-GEM demonstrator in pp collisions at the CMS detector

por Abbas, M., Abbrescia, M., Abdalla, H., Abdelalim, A., AbuZeid, S., Agapitos, A., Ahmad, A., Ahmed, A., Ahmed, W., Aimè, C., Aruta, C., Asghar, I., Aspell, P., Avila, C., Babbar, J., Ban, Y., Band, R., Bansal, S., Benussi, L., Bhatnagar, V., Bianco, M., Bianco, S., Black, K., Borgonovi, L., Bouhali, O., Braghieri, A., Braibant, S., Butalla, S., Calzaferri, S., Caponero, M., Carlson, J., Cassese, F., Cavallo, N., Chauhan, S.S., Colafranceschi, S., Colaleo, A., Garcia, A. Conde, Dalchenko, M., De Iorio, A., De Lentdecker, G., Olio, D. Dell, De Robertis, G., Dharmaratna, W., Dildick, S., Dorney, B., Erbacher, R., Fabozzi, F., Fallavollita, F., Ferraro, A., Fiorina, D., Fontanesi, E., Franco, M., Galloni, C., Giacomelli, P., Gigli, S., Gilmore, J., Gola, M., Gruchala, M., Gutierrez, A., Hadjiiska, R., Hakkarainen, T., Hauser, J., Hoepfner, K., Hohlmann, M., Hoorani, H., Huang, T., Iaydjiev, P., Irshad, A., Iorio, A., Ivone, F., Jang, W., Jaramillo, J., Juodagalvis, A., Juska, E., Kailasapathy, B., Kamon, T., Kang, Y., Karchin, P., Kaur, A., Kaur, H., Keller, H., Kim, H., Kim, J., Kim, S., Ko, B., Kumar, A., Kumar, S., Lacalamita, N., Lee, J.S.H., Levin, A., Li, Q., Licciulli, F., Lista, L., Liyanage, K., Loddo, F., Luhach, M., Maggi, M., Maghrbi, Y., Majumdar, N., Malagalage, K., Malhotra, S., Martiradonna, S., McLean, C., Merlin, J., Misheva, M., Mocellin, G., Moureaux, L., Muhammad, A., Muhammad, S., Mukhopadhyay, S., Naimuddin, M., Nuzzo, S., Oliveira, R., Paolucci, P., Park, I.C., Passamonti, L., Passeggio, G., Peck, A., Pellecchia, A., Perera, N., Petre, L., Petrow, H., Piccolo, D., Pierluigi, D., Raffone, G., Rahmani, M., Ramirez, F., Ranieri, A., Rashevski, G., Regnery, B., Ressegotti, M., Riccardi, C., Rodozov, M., Romano, E., Roskas, C., Rossi, B., Rout, P., Ruiz, J.D., Russo, A., Safonov, A., Sahota, A.K., Saltzberg, D., Saviano, G., Shah, A., Sharma, A., Sharma, R., Sheokand, T., Shopova, M., Simone, F.M., Singh, J., Sonnadara, U., Starling, E., Stone, B., Sturdy, J., Sultanov, G., Szillasi, Z., Teague, D., Teyssier, D., Tuuva, T., Tytgat, M., Vai, I., Vanegas, N., Venditti, R., Verwilligen, P., Vetens, W., Virdi, A.K., Vitulo, P., Wajid, A., Wang, D., Wang, K., Watson, I.J., Wickramage, N., Wickramarathna, D.D.C., Yang, S., Yang, U., Yang, Y., Yongho, J., Yoon, I., You, Z., Yu, I., Zaleski, S.
Publicado 2021

Quality control of mass-produced GEM detectors for the CMS GE1/1 muon upgrade

por Abbas, M., Abbrescia, M., Abdalla, H., Abdelalim, A., AbuZeid, S., Agapitos, A., Ahmad, A., Ahmed, A., Ahmed, W., Aimè, C., Aruta, C., Asghar, I., Aspell, P., Avila, C., Babbar, J., Ban, Y., Band, R., Bansal, S., Benussi, L., Beyrouthy, T., Bhatnagar, V., Bianco, M., Bianco, S., Black, K., Borgonovi, L., Bouhali, O., Braghieri, A., Braibant, S., Butalla, S.D., Calzaferri, S., Caponero, M., Carlson, J., Cassese, F., Cavallo, N., Chauhan, S.S., Colafranceschi, S., Colaleo, A., Collins, J., Garcia, A. Conde, Dalchenko, M., De Iorio, A., De Lentdecker, G., Olio, D. Dell, De Robertis, G., Dharmaratna, W., Dildick, S., Dorney, B., Erbacher, R., Fabozzi, F., Fallavollita, F., Ferraro, A., Fiorina, D., Fontanesi, E., Franco, M., Galloni, C., Giacomelli, P., Gigli, S., Gilmore, J., Gola, M., Gruchala, M., Gutierrez, A., Hakkarainen, T., Hauser, J., Hoepfner, K., Hohlmann, M., Hoorani, H., Huang, T., Iaydjiev, P., Irshad, A., Iorio, A., Ivone, F., Jang, W., Jaramillo, J., Juodagalvis, A., Juska, E., Kailasapathy, B., Kamon, T., Kang, Y., Karchin, P., Kaur, A., Kaur, H., Keller, H., Kim, H., Kim, J., Kim, S., Ko, B., Kumar, A., Kumar, S., Lacalamita, N., Lee, J.S.H., Levin, A., Li, Q., Licciulli, F., Lista, L., Liyanage, K., Loddo, F., Luhach, M., Maggi, M., Maghrbi, Y., Majumdar, N., Malagalage, K., Malhotra, S., Martiradonna, S., McLean, C., Merlin, J., Misheva, M., Mocellin, G., Moureaux, L., Muhammad, A., Muhammad, S., Mukhopadhyay, S., Naimuddin, M., Nuzzo, S., Oliveira, R., Paolucci, P., Park, I.C., Passamonti, L., Passeggio, G., Peck, A., Pellecchia, A., Perera, N., Petre, L., Petrow, H., Piccolo, D., Pierluigi, D., Rahmani, M., Ramirez, F., Ranieri, A., Rashevski, G., Regnery, B., Ressegotti, M., Riccardi, C., Rodozov, M., Romano, E., Roskas, C., Rossi, B., Rout, P., Ruiz, J.D., Russo, A., Safonov, A., Sahota, A.K., Saltzberg, D., Saviano, G., Shah, A., Sharma, A., Sharma, R., Sheokand, T., Shopova, M., Simone, F.M., Singh, J., Sonnadara, U., Stamerra, A., Starling, E., Stone, B., Sturdy, J., Sultanov, G., Szillasi, Z., Teague, D., Teyssier, D., Tuuva, T., Tytgat, M., Vai, I., Vanegas, N., Venditti, R., Verwilligen, P., Vetens, W., Virdi, A.K., Vitulo, P., Wajid, A., Wang, D., Wang, K., Watson, I.J., Wickramage, N., Wickramarathna, D.D.C., Yang, S., Yang, U., Yang, Y., Yongho, J., Yoon, I., You, Z., Yu, I., Zaleski, S.
Publicado 2022

Production and validation of industrially produced large-sized GEM foils for the Phase-2 upgrade of the CMS muon spectrometer

por Abbas, M., Abbrescia, M., Abdalla, H., Abdelalim, A., AbuZeid, S., Aebi, D., Agapitos, A., Ahmad, A., Ahmed, A., Ahmed, W., Aimè, C., Akhter, T., Alsufyani, B., Aruta, C., Asghar, I., Aspell, P., Avila, C., Babbar, J., Ban, Y., Band, R., Bansal, S., Benussi, L., Bhatnagar, V., Bianco, M., Bianco, S., Black, K., Borgonovi, L., Bouhali, O., Braghieri, A., Braibant, S., Butalla, S., Cagnotta, A., Calzaferri, S., Campagnola, R., Caponero, M., Carlson, J., Cassese, F., Cavallo, N., Chauhan, S.S., Choudhary, B., Colafranceschi, S., Colaleo, A., Garcia, A. Conde, Datta, A., De Iorio, A., De Lentdecker, G., Olio, D. Dell, De Robertis, G., Dharmaratna, W., Elkafrawy, T., Erbacher, R., Everaerts, P., Fabozzi, F., Fallavollita, F., Fiorina, D., Franco, M., Galloni, C., Giacomelli, P., Gigli, S., Gilmore, J., Gola, M., Gutierrez, A., Hadjiiska, R., Hoepfner, K., Hohlmann, M., Hong, Y., Hoorani, H., Huang, T., Iaydjiev, P., Irshad, A., Iorio, A., Ivone, F., Jang, W., Jaramillo, J., Jeong, Y., Jeng, Y., Juska, E., Kailasapathy, B., Kamon, T., Kang, Y., Karchin, P., Kaur, A., Kaur, H., Keller, H., Kim, H., Kim, J., Kim, M., Kim, S., Ko, B., Kumar, A., Kumar, S., Lacalamita, N., Lee, J.S.H., Levin, A., Li, Q., Licciulli, F., Lista, L., Liyanage, K., Loddo, F., Luhach, M., Maggi, M., Maghrbi, Y., Majumdar, N., Malagalage, K., Martiradonna, S., McLean, C., Merlin, J., Misheva, M., Mocellin, G., Moureaux, L., Muhammad, A., Muhammad, S., Mukhopadhyay, S., Naimuddin, M., Nuzzo, S., Oliveira, R., Paolucci, P., Park, I.C., Passamonti, L., Passeggio, G., Peck, A., Pellecchia, A., Perera, N., Petre, L., Piccolo, D., Pierluigi, D., Raffone, G., Ramirez, F., Ranieri, A., Rashevski, G., Rathjens, D., Regnery, B., Rendon, C., Riccardi, C., Rossi, B., Rout, P., Ruiz, J.D., Russo, A., Safonov, A., Sahota, A.K., Saltzberg, D., Saviano, G., Shah, A., Sharma, A., Sharma, R., Sheokand, T., Shopova, M., Simone, F., Singh, J., Sonnadara, U., Sturdy, J., Sultanov, G., Szillasi, Z., Teague, D., Teyssier, D., Tytgat, M., Vai, I., Vanegas, N., Venditti, R., Verwilligen, P., Vetens, W., Virdi, A.K., Vitulo, P., Wajid, A., Wang, D., Wang, K., Watson, I.J., Wickramage, N., Wickramarathna, D.D.C., Yanes, E., Yang, S., Yang, U., Yang, Y., Yoon, Inseok, You, Z., Yu, I., Zaleski, S.
Publicado 2023

Benchmarking LHC background particle simulation with the CMS triple-GEM detector

por Abbas, M., Abbrescia, M., Abdalla, H., Abdelalim, A., AbuZeid, S., Agapitos, A., Ahmad, A., Ahmed, A., Ahmed, W., Aimè, C., Aruta, C., Asghar, I., Aspell, P., Avila, C., Azhgirey, I., Babbar, J., Ban, Y., Band, R., Bansal, S., Benussi, L., Bhatnagar, V., Bianco, M., Bianco, S., Black, K., Borgonovi, L., Bouhali, O., Bozzato, D., Braghieri, A., Braibant, S., Butalla, S., Calzaferri, S., Caponero, M., Cassese, F., Castaneda, A., Cavallo, N., Chauhan, S.S., Colaleo, A., Conde Garcia, A., Dalchenko, M., De Iorio, A., De Lentdecker, G., Dell Olio, D., De Robertis, G., Dharmaratna, W., Dildick, S., Dorney, B., Erbacher, R., Fabozzi, F., Fallavollita, F., Ferraro, A., Fiorina, D., Fontanesi, E., Franco, M., Galloni, C., Gancarcik, D., Giacomelli, P., Gigli, S., Gilmore, J., Gola, M., Gruchala, M., Gutierrez, A., Hadjiiska, R., Hakkarainen, T., Hauser, J., Hoepfner, K., Hohlmann, M., Hoorani, H., Huang, T., Iaydjiev, P., Irshad, A., Iorio, A., Ivone, F., Jang, W., Jaramillo, J., Jha, V., Juodagalvis, A., Juska, E., Kailasapathy, B., Kamon, T., Kang, Y., Karchin, P., Kaur, A., Kaur, H., Keller, H., Kim, H., Kim, J., Kim, S., Ko, B., Kumar, A., Kumar, S., Kumawat, H., Kurochkin, I., Lacalamita, N., Lee, J.S.H., Levin, A., Li, Q., Licciulli, F., Lista, L., Liyanage, K., Loddo, F., Luhach, M., Maggi, M., Maghrbi, Y., Majumdar, N., Malagalage, K., Malhotra, S., Mallows, S., Martiradonna, S., Mccoll, N., McLean, C., Merlin, J., Misheva, M., Mishra, D., Mocellin, G., Moureaux, L., Muhammad, A., Muhammad, S., Mukhopadhyay, S., Naimuddin, M., Netrakanti, P., Nuzzo, S., Oliveira, R., Pant, L., Paolucci, P., Park, I.C., Passamonti, L., Passeggio, G., Peck, A., Pellecchia, A., Perera, N., Petre, L., Petrow, H., Piccolo, D., Pierluigi, D., Raffone, G., Rahmani, M., Ramirez, F., Ranieri, A., Rashevski, G., Regnery, B., Ressegotti, M., Riabchikova, A., Riccardi, C., Rodozov, M., Romano, E., Roskas, C., Rossi, B., Rout, P., Roy, D., Ruiz, J.D., Russo, A., Safonov, A., Sahota, A.K., Saltzberg, D., Saviano, G., Shah, A., Sharma, A., Sharma, R., Sheokand, T., Shopova, M., Simone, F.M., Singh, J., Sonnadara, U., Starling, E., Stone, B., Sturdy, J., Sultanov, G., Szillasi, Z., Teague, D., Teyssier, D., Tuuva, T., Tytgat, M., Vai, I., Vanegas, N., Venditti, R., Verwilligen, P., Vetens, W., Virdi, A.K., Vitulo, P., Wajid, A., Wang, D., Wang, K., Watson, I.J., Wickramage, N., Wickramarathna, D.D.C., Yang, S., Yang, Y., Yang, U., Yongho, J., Yoon, I., You, Z., Yu, I., Zaleski, S.
Publicado 2021

Quality Control of Mass-Produced GEM Detectors for the CMS GE1/1 Muon Upgrade

por Abbas, Syed Mohsin, Abbrescia, Marcello, Abdalla, Hassan Fathy, Abdelalim, Ahmed Ali, Abuzeid Hassan, Shimaa Abdelwahed, Agapitos, Antonis, Ahmad, Ashfaq, Ahmed, Asar, Ahmed, Waqar, Aimè, Chiara, Aruta, Caterina, Asghar, Muhammad Irfan, Aspell, Paul, Avila Bernal, Carlos Arturo, Babbar, Jyoti, Ban, Yong, Band, Reyer Edmond, Bansal, Sunil, Benussi, Luigi, Beyrouthy, Taha, Bhatnagar, Vipin, Bianco, Michele, Bianco, Stefano, Black, Kevin, Borgonovi, Lisa, Bouhali, Othmane, Braghieri, Alessandro, Braibant-Giacomelli, Sylvie, Butalla, Stephen, Calzaferri, Simone, Caponero, Michele, Carlson, Joseph, Cassese, Francesco, Cavallo, Nicola, Chauhan, Sushil Singh, Colafranceschi, Stefano, Colaleo, Anna, Collins, J, Conde Garcia, Antonio, Dalchenko, Mykhailo, De Iorio, Agostino, De Lentdecker, Gilles W P, Dell'olio, Domenico, De Robertis, Giuseppe, Dharmaratna, Welathantri, Dildick, Sven, Dorney, Brian L, Erbacher, Robin, Fabozzi, Francesco, Fallavollita, Francesco, Ferraro, Angelo, Fiorina, Davide, Fontanesi, Elisa, Franco, Michele, Galloni, Camilla, Giacomelli, Paolo, Gigli, Samuel Guelfo, Gilmore, Jason, Gola, Mohit, Gruchala, Marek Michal, Gutierrez, Alfredo, Hakkarainen, Urpo Tuomas, Hauser, Jay, Hoepfner, Kerstin, Hohlmann, Marcus, Hoorani, Hafeez R, Huang, Tao, Iaydjiev, Plamen, Irshad, Aamir, Iorio, Alberto Orso Maria, Ivone, Francesco, Jang, Woojin, Jaramillo Gallego, Johny Alexander, Juodagalvis, Andrius, Juska, Evaldas, Kailasapathy, Balashangar, Kamon, Teruki, Kang, Yechan, Karchin, Paul Edmund, Kaur, A, Kaur, Harjot, Keller, Henning, Kim, Hyunchul, Kim, Jaebak, KIM, Sangyeon, Ko, Byeonghak, Kumar, Ashok, Kumar, Sunil, Lacalamita, Nicola, Lee, Jason, Levin, Andrew Michael, Li, Qiang, Licciulli, Francesco, Lista, Luca, Liyanage, Kalpanie Madara, Loddo, Flavio, Luhach, M, Maggi, Marcello, Maghrbi, Yasser, Majumdar, Nayana, Malagalage, Kithsiri Jayananda, Malhotra, Shivali, Martiradonna, Sabino, Mc Lean, Christine Angela, Merlin, Jeremie Alexandre, Misheva, Milena Hristova, Mocellin, Giovanni, Moureaux, Louis Jean, Muhammad, Ammad, Muhammad, Saleh, Mukhopadhyay, Supratik, Naimuddin, Md, Nuzzo, Salvatore, Vizinho De Oliveira, Rui, Paolucci, Pierluigi, Park, Inkyu, Passamonti, Luciano, Passeggio, Giuseppe, Peck, Andrew Nickolas, Pellecchia, Antonello, Perera, Nimantha, Petre, Laurent, Petrow, Henri Markus, Piccolo, Davide, Pierluigi, Daniele, Raffone, G, Rahmani, Mehdi, Ramirez Garcia, Luis Felipe, Ranieri, Antonio, Rashevski, Georgi Dimitrov, Regnery, Brendan, Ressegotti, Martina, Riccardi, Cristina, Rodozov, Mircho Nikolaev, Romano, Emanuele, Roskas, Christos, Rossi, Biagio, Rout, Prasant Kumar, Ruiz Alvarez, Jose David, Russo, Alessandro, Safonov, Alexei, Sahota, A. K, Saltzberg, David Paul, Saviano, Giovanna, Shah, Mehar Ali, Sharma, Archie, Sharma, Richa, Sheokand, Tanvi, Shopova, Mariana, Simone, Federica Maria, Singh, Jasbir, Sonnadara, Don Upul Jayasiri, Stamerra, Anna, Starling, Elizabeth Rose, Stone, Brent William, Sturdy, Jared, Soultanov, Gueorgui, Szillasi, Zoltan, Teague, Dylan Oliver, Teyssier, Daniel Francois, Tuuva, Tuure, Tytgat, Michael, Vai, Ilaria, Vanegas Arbelaez, Nelson, Venditti, Rosamaria, Verwilligen, Piet Omer J, Vetens, Wren, Virdi, A. K, Vitulo, Paolo, Khan, Wajid Ali, Wang, D, Wang, Kai, Watson, Ian James, Wickramage, Nadeesha Manohari, Dhammage, Deshitha Chamikara Wickramarathna, Yang, Seungjin, Yang, Un Ki, Yang, Y, Jeong, Yongho, Yoon, Inseok, You, Zhengyun, Yu, Intae, Zaleski, Shawn Gregory
Publicado 2022

Production and validation of industrially produced large-sized GEM foils for the Phase-2 upgrade of the CMS muon spectrometer

por Abbas, Syed Mohsin, Abbrescia, Marcello, Abdalla, Hassan Fathy, Abdelalim, Ahmed Ali, Abuzeid Hassan, Shimaa Abdelwahed, Aebi, Devin Michael, Agapitos, Antonis, Ahmad, Ashfaq, Ahmed, Asar, Ahmed, Waqar, Aimè, Chiara, Akhter, Towsifa, Alsufyani, Bandar Mohammed, Aruta, Caterina, Asghar, Muhammad Irfan, Aspell, Paul, Avila Bernal, Carlos Arturo, Babbar, Jyoti, Ban, Yong, Band, Reyer Edmond, Bansal, Sunil, Benussi, Luigi, Bhatnagar, Vipin, Bianco, Michele, Bianco, Stefano, Black, Kevin, Borgonovi, Lisa, Bouhali, Othmane, Braghieri, Alessandro, Braibant-Giacomelli, Sylvie, Butalla, Stephen, Cagnotta, Antimo, Calzaferri, Simone, Campagnola, Roberto, Caponero, Michele, Carlson, Joseph, Cassese, Francesco, Cavallo, Nicola, Chauhan, S.S, Choudhary, Brajesh Chandra, Colafranceschi, Stefano, Colaleo, Anna, Conde Garcia, Antonio, Datta, Abhisek, De Iorio, Agostino, De Lentdecker, Gilles W P, Dell'olio, Domenico, De Robertis, Giuseppe, Dharmaratna, Welathantri, Elkafrawy, Tamer, Erbacher, Robin, Everaerts, Pieter Bruno Bart, Fabozzi, Francesco, Fallavollita, Francesco, Fiorina, Davide, Franco, Michele, Galloni, Camilla, Giacomelli, Paolo, Gigli, Samuel Guelfo, Gilmore, Jason, Gola, Mohit, Gutierrez, Alfredo, Hadjiiska, Roumyana Mileva, Hoepfner, Kerstin, Hohlmann, Marcus, Hong, Yanwen, Hoorani, Hafeez R, Huang, Tao, Iaydjiev, Plamen, Irshad, Aamir, Iorio, Alberto Orso Maria, Ivone, Francesco, Jang, Woojin, Jaramillo Gallego, Johny Alexander, Jeong, Yongho, Jeng, Young Gun, Juska, Evaldas, Kailasapathy, Balashangar, Kamon, Teruki, Kang, Yechan, Karchin, Paul Edmund, Kaur, A, Kaur, Harjot, Keller, Henning, Kim, Hyunchul, Kim, Jaebak, KIM, Sangyeon, Ko, Byeonghak, Kumar, Ashok, Kumar, Sunil, Lacalamita, Nicola, Lee, J.S.H, Levin, Andrew Michael, Li, Qiang, Licciulli, Francesco, Lista, Luca, Liyanage, Kalpanie Madara, Loddo, Flavio, Luhach, M, Maggi, Marcello, Maghrbi, Yasser, Majumdar, Nayana, Malagalage, Kithsiri Jayananda, Martiradonna, Sabino, Mc Lean, Christine Angela, Merlin, Jeremie Alexandre, Misheva, Milena Hristova, Mocellin, Giovanni, Moureaux, Louis Jean, Muhammad, Ammad, Muhammad, Saleh, Mukhopadhyay, Supratik, Naimuddin, Md, Nuzzo, Salvatore, Vizinho De Oliveira, Rui, Paolucci, Pierluigi, Park, I.C, Passamonti, Luciano, Passeggio, Giuseppe, Peck, Andrew Nickolas, Pellecchia, Antonello, Perera, Nimantha, Petre, Laurent, Piccolo, Davide, Pierluigi, Daniele, Raffone, G, Ramirez Garcia, Luis Felipe, Ranieri, Antonio, Rashevski, Georgi Dimitrov, Rathjens, Denis, Regnery, Brendan, Rendon Hinestroza, Cesar, Riccardi, Cristina, Rossi, Biagio, Rout, Prasant Kumar, Ruiz Alvarez, Jose David, Russo, Alessandro, Safonov, Alexei, Sahota, A. K, Saltzberg, David Paul, Saviano, Giovanna, Shah, Mehar Ali, Sharma, Archie, Sharma, Richa, Sheokand, Tanvi, Shopova, Mariana, Simone, Federica Maria, Singh, Jasbir, Sonnadara, Don Upul Jayasiri, Sturdy, Jared, Soultanov, Gueorgui, Szillasi, Zoltan, Teague, Dylan Oliver, Teyssier, Daniel Francois, Tytgat, Michael, Vai, Ilaria, Vanegas Arbelaez, Nelson, Venditti, Rosamaria, Verwilligen, Piet Omer J, Vetens, Wren, Virdi, A.K, Vitulo, Paolo, Khan, Wajid Ali, Wang, D, Wang, Kai, Watson, Ian James, Wickramage, Nadeesha Manohari, Dhammage, Deshitha Chamikara Wickramarathna, Yanes, Erick Tyler, Yang, Seungjin, Yang, Un Ki, Yang, Y, Yoon, Inseok, You, Zhengyun, Yu, Intae, Zaleski, Shawn Gregory
Publicado 2023

A Search for Jet Handedness in Hadronic $Z^{0}$ Decays

por Abe, K, Abt, I, Ahn, C J, Akagi, T, Ash, William W, Aston, D, Bacchetta, N, Baird, K G, Baltay, C, Band, H R, Barakat, M B, Baranko, G J, Bardon, O, Barklow, Timothy L, Bazarko, A O, Ben-David, R, Benvenuti, Alberto C, Bienz, T, Bilei, G M, Bisello, D, Blaylock, G, Bogart, J R, Bolton, T, Bower, G R, Brau, J E, Breidenbach, M, Bugg, W M, Burke, D, Burnett, T H, Burrows, P N, Busza, W, Calcaterra, A, Caldwell, D O, Calloway, D H, Camanzi, B, Carpinelli, M, Cassell, R, Castaldi, R, Castro, A, Cavalli-Sforza, M, Church, E, Cohn, H O, Coller, J A, Cook, V, Cotton, R, Cowan, R F, Coyne, D G, de Oliveira, A, Damerell, C J S, Dasu, S, De Sangro, R, De Simone, P, Dell'Orso, R, Dima, M, Du, P Y C, Dubois, R, Eisenstein, B I, Elia, R, Falciai, D, Fan, C, Fero, M J, Frey, R, Furuno, K, Gillman, T, Gladding, G E, González, S, Hallewell, G D, Hart, E L, Hasegawa, Y, Hedges, S J, Hertzbach, S S, Hildreth, M D, Huber, J, Huffer, M E, Hughes, E W, Hwang, H, Iwasaki, Y, Jacques, P, Jaros, J A, Johnson, A S, Johnson, J R, Johnson, R A, Junk, T R, Kajikawa, R, Kalelkar, M S, Karliner, I, Kawahara, H, Kendall, H W, Kim, Y, King, M E, King, R, Kofler, R R, Krishna, N M, Kroeger, R S, Labs, J F, Langston, M, Lath, A, Lauber, J A, Leith, D W G S, Liu, X, Loreti, M, Lu, A, Lynch, H L, Ma, J, Mancinelli, G, Manly, S L, Mantovani, G C, Markiewicz, T W, Maruyama, T, Massetti, R, Masuda, H, Mazzucato, E, McKemey, A K, Meadows, B T, Messner, R, Mockett, P M, Moffeit, K C, Mours, B, Müller, G, Müller, D, Nagamine, T, Nauenberg, U, Neal, H A, Nussbaum, M, Ohnishi, Y, Osborne, L S, Panvini, R S, Park, H, Pavel, T J, Peruzzi, I, Pescara, L, Piccolo, M, Piemontese, L, Pieroni, E, Pitts, K T, Plano, R J, Prepost, R, Prescott, C Y, Punkar, G D, Quigley, J, Ratcliff, B N, Reeves, T W, Rensing, P E, Rochester, L S, Rothberg, J E, Rowson, P C, Russell, J J, Saxton, O H, Schalk, T L, Schindler, R H, Schneekloth, U, Schumm, B A, Seiden, A, Sen, S, Serbo, V V, Shaevitz, M H, Shank, J T, Shapiro, G, Shapiro, S L, Sherden, D J, Simopoulos, C, Sinev, N B, Smith, S R, Snyder, J A, Stamer, P E, Steiner, H, Steiner, R, Strauss, M G, Su, D, Suekane, F, Sugiyama, A, Suzuki, S, Swartz, M, Szumilo, A, Takahashi, T, Taylor, F E, Torrence, E, Turk, J, Usher, T, Vavra, J, Vannini, C, Vella, E N, Venuti, J P, Verdini, P G, Wagner, S R, Waite, A P, Watts, S J, Weidemann, A W, Whitaker, J S, White, S L, Wickens, F J, Williams, D A, Williams, D C, Williams, S H, Willocq, S, Wilson, R J, Wisniewski, W J, Woods, M, Word, G B, Wyss, J, Yamamoto, R K, Yamartino, J M, Yang, X, Yellin, S J, Young, C C, Yuta, H, Zapalac, G H, Zdarko, R W, Zeitlin, C, Zhou, J
Publicado 1994

Measurement of $A_{b}$ from the Left-Right Forward-Backward Asymmetry of $b$ Quark Production in $Z^{0}$ Decays using a Momentum-Weighted Track Charge Technique

por Abe, K, Abt, I, Ahn, C J, Akagi, T, Ash, William W, Aston, D, Bacchetta, N, Baird, K G, Baltay, C, Band, H R, Barakat, M B, Baranko, G J, Bardon, O, Barklow, Timothy L, Bazarko, A O, Ben-David, R, Benvenuti, Alberto C, Bienz, T, Bilei, G M, Bisello, D, Blaylock, G, Bogart, J R, Bolton, T, Bower, G R, Brau, J E, Breidenbach, M, Bugg, W M, Burke, D, Burnett, T H, Burrows, P N, Busza, W, Calcaterra, A, Caldwell, D O, Calloway, D H, Camanzi, B, Carpinelli, M, Cassell, R, Castaldi, R, Castro, A, Cavalli-Sforza, M, Church, E, Cohn, H O, Coller, J A, Cook, V, Cotton, R, Cowan, R F, Coyne, D G, de Oliveira, A, Damerell, C J S, Dasu, S, De Sangro, R, De Simone, P, Dell'Orso, R, Dima, M, Du, P Y C, Dubois, R, Eisenstein, B I, Elia, R, Falciai, D, Fan, C, Fero, M J, Frey, R, Furuno, K, Gillman, T, Gladding, G E, González, S, Hallewell, G D, Hart, E L, Hasegawa, Y, Hedges, S J, Hertzbach, S S, Hildreth, M D, Huber, J, Huffer, M E, Hughes, E W, Hwang, H, Iwasaki, Y, Jacques, P, Jaros, J A, Johnson, A S, Johnson, J R, Johnson, R A, Junk, T R, Kajikawa, R, Kalelkar, M S, Karliner, I, Kawahara, H, Kendall, H W, Kim, Y, King, M E, King, R, Kofler, R R, Krishna, N M, Kroeger, R S, Labs, J F, Langston, M, Lath, A, Lauber, J A, Leith, D W G S, Liu, X, Loreti, M, Lu, A, Lynch, H L, Ma, J, Mancinelli, G, Manly, S L, Mantovani, G C, Markiewicz, T W, Maruyama, T, Massetti, R, Masuda, H, Mazzucato, E, McKemey, A K, Meadows, B T, Messner, R, Mockett, P M, Moffeit, K C, Mours, B, Müller, G, Müller, D, Nagamine, T, Nauenberg, U, Neal, H A, Nussbaum, M, Ohnishi, Y, Osborne, L S, Panvini, R S, Park, H, Pavel, T J, Peruzzi, I, Pescara, L, Piccolo, M, Piemontese, L, Pieroni, E, Pitts, K T, Plano, R J, Prepost, R, Prescott, C Y, Punkar, G D, Quigley, J, Ratcliff, B N, Reeves, T W, Rensing, P E, Rochester, L S, Rothberg, J E, Rowson, P C, Russell, J J, Saxton, O H, Schalk, T L, Schindler, R H, Schneekloth, U, Schumm, B A, Seiden, A, Sen, S, Serbo, V V, Shaevitz, M H, Shank, J T, Shapiro, G, Shapiro, S L, Sherden, D J, Simopoulos, C, Sinev, N B, Smith, S R, Snyder, J A, Stamer, P E, Steiner, H, Steiner, R, Strauss, M G, Su, D, Suekane, F, Sugiyama, A, Suzuki, S, Swartz, M, Szumilo, A, Takahashi, T, Taylor, F E, Torrence, E, Turk, J, Usher, T, Vavra, J, Vannini, C, Vella, E N, Venuti, J P, Verdini, P G, Wagner, S R, Waite, A P, Watts, S J, Weidemann, A W, Whitaker, J S, White, S L, Wickens, F J, Williams, D A, Williams, D C, Williams, S H, Willocq, S, Wilson, R J, Wisniewski, W J, Woods, M, Word, G B, Wyss, J, Yamamoto, R K, Yamartino, J M, Yang, X, Yellin, S J, Young, C C, Yuta, H, Zapalac, G H, Zdarko, R W, Zeitlin, C, Zhou, J
Publicado 1994

Heavy quark physics at SLD: preliminary results

por Vella, E N, Abe, K, Abt, I, Ahn, C J, Akagi, T, Ash, William W, Aston, D, Bacchetta, N, Baird, K G, Baltay, C, Band, H R, Barakat, M B, Baranko, G J, Bardon, O, Barklow, Timothy L, Bazarko, A O, Ben-David, R, Benvenuti, Alberto C, Bienz, T, Bilei, G M, Bisello, D, Blaylock, G, Bogart, J R, Bolton, T, Bower, G R, Brau, J E, Breidenbach, M, Bugg, W M, Burke, D, Burnett, T H, Burrows, P N, Busza, W, Calcaterra, A, Caldwell, D O, Calloway, D H, Camanzi, B, Carpinelli, M, Cassell, R, Castaldi, R, Castro, A, Cavalli-Sforza, M, Church, E, Cohn, H O, Coller, J A, Cook, V, Cotton, R, Cowan, R F, Coyne, D G, de Oliveira, A, Damerell, C J S, Dasu, S, De Sangro, R, De Simone, P, Dell'Orso, R, Dima, M, Du, P Y C, Dubois, R, Eisenstein, B I, Elia, R, Falciai, D, Fan, C, Fero, M J, Frey, R, Furuno, K, Gillman, T, Gladding, G E, González, S, Hallewell, G D, Hart, E L, Hasegawa, Y, Hedges, S J, Hertzbach, S S, Hildreth, M D, Huber, J, Huffer, M E, Hughes, E W, Hwang, H, Iwasaki, Y, Jacques, P, Jaros, J A, Johnson, A S, Johnson, J R, Johnson, R A, Junk, T R, Kajikawa, R, Kalelkar, M S, Karliner, I, Kawahara, H, Kendall, H W, Kim, Y, King, M E, King, R, Kofler, R R, Krishna, N M, Kroeger, R S, Labs, J F, Langston, M, Lath, A, Lauber, J A, Leith, D W G S, Liu, X, Loreti, M, Lu, A, Lynch, H L, Ma, J, Mancinelli, G, Manly, S L, Mantovani, G C, Markiewicz, T W, Maruyama, T, Massetti, R, Masuda, H, Mazzucato, E, McKemey, A K, Meadows, B T, Messner, R, Mockett, P M, Moffeit, K C, Mours, B, Müller, G, Müller, D, Nagamine, T, Nauenberg, U, Neal, H A, Nussbaum, M, Ohnishi, Y, Osborne, L S, Panvini, R S, Park, H, Pavel, T J, Peruzzi, I, Pescara, L, Piccolo, M, Piemontese, L, Pieroni, E, Pitts, K T, Plano, R J, Prepost, R, Prescott, C Y, Punkar, G D, Quigley, J, Ratcliff, B N, Reeves, T W, Rensing, P E, Rochester, L S, Rothberg, J E, Rowson, P C, Russell, J J, Saxton, O H, Schalk, T L, Schindler, R H, Schneekloth, U, Schumm, B A, Seiden, A, Sen, S, Serbo, V V, Shaevitz, M H, Shank, J T, Shapiro, G, Shapiro, S L, Sherden, D J, Simopoulos, C, Sinev, N B, Smith, S R, Snyder, J A, Stamer, P E, Steiner, H, Steiner, R, Strauss, M G, Su, D, Suekane, F, Sugiyama, A, Suzuki, S, Swartz, M, Szumilo, A, Takahashi, T, Taylor, F E, Torrence, E, Turk, J, Usher, T, Vavra, J, Vannini, C, Venuti, J P, Verdini, P G, Wagner, S R, Waite, A P, Watts, S J, Weidemann, A W, Whitaker, J S, White, S L, Wickens, F J, Williams, D A, Williams, D C, Williams, S H, Willocq, S, Wilson, R J, Wisniewski, W J, Woods, M, Word, G B, Wyss, J, Yamamoto, R K, Yamartino, J M, Yang, X, Yellin, S J, Young, C C, Yuta, H, Zapalac, G H, Zdarko, R W, Zeitlin, C, Zhou, J
Publicado 1994

Measurement of the average liftetime of B hadrons at SLD

por Punkar, G D, Abe, K, Abt, I, Akagi, T, Ash, William W, Aston, D, Bacchetta, N, Baird, K G, Baltay, C, Band, H R, Barakat, M B, Baranko, G J, Bardon, O, Barklow, Timothy L, Bazarko, A O, Ben-David, R, Benvenuti, Alberto C, Bienz, T, Bilei, G M, Bisello, D, Blaylock, G, Bogart, J R, Bolton, T, Bower, G R, Brau, J E, Breidenbach, M, Bugg, W M, Burke, D, Burnett, T H, Burrows, P N, Busza, W, Calcaterra, A, Caldwell, D O, Calloway, D H, Camanzi, B, Carpinelli, M, Cassell, R, Castaldi, R, Castro, A, Cavalli-Sforza, M, Church, E, Cohn, H O, Coller, J A, Cook, V, Cotton, R, Cowan, R F, Coyne, D G, de Oliveira, A, Damerell, C J S, Dasu, S, De Sangro, R, De Simone, P, Dell'Orso, R, Dima, M, Du, P Y C, Dubois, R, Eisenstein, B I, Elia, R, Falciai, D, Fan, C, Fero, M J, Frey, R, Furuno, K, Gillman, T, Gladding, G E, González, S, Hallewell, G D, Hart, E L, Hasegawa, Y, Hedges, S J, Hertzbach, S S, Hildreth, M D, Huber, J, Huffer, M E, Hughes, E W, Hwang, H, Iwasaki, Y, Jacques, P, Jaros, J A, Johnson, A S, Johnson, J R, Johnson, R A, Junk, T R, Kajikawa, R, Kalelkar, M S, Karliner, I, Kawahara, H, Kendall, H W, King, M E, King, R, Kofler, R R, Krishna, N M, Kroeger, R S, Labs, J F, Langston, M, Lath, A, Lauber, J A, Leith, D W G S, Liu, X, Loreti, M, Lu, A, Lynch, H L, Ma, J, Mancinelli, G, Manly, S L, Mantovani, G C, Markiewicz, T W, Maruyama, T, Massetti, R, Masuda, H, Mazzucato, E, McKemey, A K, Meadows, B T, Messner, R, Mockett, P M, Moffeit, K C, Mours, B, Müller, G, Müller, D, Nagamine, T, Nauenberg, U, Neal, H A, Nussbaum, M, Ohnishi, Y, Osborne, L S, Panvini, R S, Park, H, Pavel, T J, Peruzzi, I, Pescara, L, Piccolo, M, Piemontese, L, Pieroni, E, Pitts, K T, Plano, R J, Prepost, R, Prescott, C Y, Quigley, J, Ratcliff, B N, Reeves, T W, Rensing, P E, Rochester, L S, Rothberg, J E, Rowson, P C, Russell, J J, Saxton, O H, Schalk, T L, Schindler, R H, Schneekloth, U, Schumm, B A, Seiden, A, Sen, S, Shaevitz, M H, Shank, J T, Shapiro, G, Shapiro, S L, Sherden, D J, Sinev, N B, Simopoulos, C, Smith, S R, Snyder, J A, Sokoloff, M D, Stamer, P E, Steiner, H, Steiner, R, Strauss, M G, Su, D, Suekane, F, Sugiyama, A, Suzuki, S, Swartz, M, Szumilo, A, Takahashi, T, Taylor, F E, Tolstykh, A Yu, Torrence, E, Turk, J, Usher, T, Vavra, J, Vannini, C, Vella, E N, Venuti, J P, Verdini, P G, Wagner, S R, Waite, A P, Watts, S J, Weidemann, A W, Whitaker, J S, White, S L, Wickens, F J, Williams, D A, Williams, D C, Williams, S H, Willocq, S, Wilson, R J, Wisniewski, W J, Woods, M, Word, G B, Wyss, J, Yamamoto, R K, Yamartino, J M, Yellin, S J, Young, C C, Yuta, H, Zapalac, G H, Zdarko, R W, Zeitlin, C, Zhou, J
Publicado 1994

Measurement of the charged multiplicity of $Z^{0} \to b\overline{b}$ events

por Burrows, P N, Abe, K, Abt, I, Akagi, T, Ash, William W, Aston, D, Bacchetta, N, Baird, K G, Baltay, C, Band, H R, Barakat, M B, Baranko, G J, Bardon, O, Barklow, Timothy L, Bazarko, A O, Ben-David, R, Benvenuti, Alberto C, Bienz, T, Bilei, G M, Bisello, D, Blaylock, G, Bogart, J R, Bolton, T, Bower, G R, Brau, J E, Breidenbach, M, Bugg, W M, Burke, D, Burnett, T H, Busza, W, Calcaterra, A, Caldwell, D O, Calloway, D H, Camanzi, B, Carpinelli, M, Cassell, R, Castaldi, R, Castro, A, Cavalli-Sforza, M, Church, E, Cohn, H O, Coller, J A, Cook, V, Cotton, R, Cowan, R F, Coyne, D G, de Oliveira, A, Damerell, C J S, Dasu, S, De Sangro, R, De Simone, P, Dell'Orso, R, Dima, M, Du, P Y C, Dubois, R, Eisenstein, B I, Elia, R, Falciai, D, Fan, C, Fero, M J, Frey, R, Furuno, K, Gillman, T, Gladding, G E, González, S, Hallewell, G D, Hart, E L, Hasegawa, Y, Hedges, S J, Hertzbach, S S, Hildreth, M D, Huber, J, Huffer, M E, Hughes, E W, Hwang, H, Iwasaki, Y, Jacques, P, Jaros, J A, Johnson, A S, Johnson, J R, Johnson, R A, Junk, T R, Kajikawa, R, Kalelkar, M S, Karliner, I, Kawahara, H, Kendall, H W, King, M E, King, R, Kofler, R R, Krishna, N M, Kroeger, R S, Labs, J F, Langston, M, Lath, A, Lauber, J A, Leith, D W G S, Liu, X, Loreti, M, Lu, A, Lynch, H L, Ma, J, Mancinelli, G, Manly, S L, Mantovani, G C, Markiewicz, T W, Maruyama, T, Massetti, R, Masuda, H, Mazzucato, E, McKemey, A K, Meadows, B T, Messner, R, Mockett, P M, Moffeit, K C, Mours, B, Müller, G, Müller, D, Nagamine, T, Nauenberg, U, Neal, H A, Nussbaum, M, Ohnishi, Y, Osborne, L S, Panvini, R S, Park, H, Pavel, T J, Peruzzi, I, Pescara, L, Piccolo, M, Piemontese, L, Pieroni, E, Pitts, K T, Plano, R J, Prepost, R, Prescott, C Y, Punkar, G D, Quigley, J, Ratcliff, B N, Reeves, T W, Rensing, P E, Rochester, L S, Rothberg, J E, Rowson, P C, Russell, J J, Saxton, O H, Schalk, T L, Schindler, R H, Schneekloth, U, Schumm, B A, Seiden, A, Sen, S, Shaevitz, M H, Shank, J T, Shapiro, G, Shapiro, S L, Sherden, D J, Sinev, N B, Simopoulos, C, Smith, S R, Snyder, J A, Sokoloff, M D, Stamer, P E, Steiner, H, Steiner, R, Strauss, M G, Su, D, Suekane, F, Sugiyama, A, Suzuki, S, Swartz, M, Szumilo, A, Takahashi, T, Taylor, F E, Tolstykh, A Yu, Torrence, E, Turk, J, Usher, T, Vavra, J, Vannini, C, Vella, E N, Venuti, J P, Verdini, P G, Wagner, S R, Waite, A P, Watts, S J, Weidemann, A W, Whitaker, J S, White, S L, Wickens, F J, Williams, D A, Williams, D C, Williams, S H, Willocq, S, Wilson, R J, Wisniewski, W J, Woods, M, Word, G B, Wyss, J, Yamamoto, R K, Yamartino, J M, Yellin, S J, Young, C C, Yuta, H, Zapalac, G H, Zdarko, R W, Zeitlin, C, Zhou, J
Publicado 1994

A preliminary, precise measurement of the average B hadron lifetime

por Abe, K, Abt, I, Akagi, T, Ash, William W, Aston, D, Bacchetta, N, Baird, K G, Baltay, C, Band, H R, Barakat, M B, Baranko, G J, Bardon, O, Barklow, Timothy L, Bazarko, A O, Ben-David, R, Benvenuti, Alberto C, Bienz, T, Bilei, G M, Bisello, D, Blaylock, G, Bogart, J R, Bolton, T, Bower, G R, Brau, J E, Breidenbach, M, Bugg, W M, Burke, D, Burnett, T H, Burrows, P N, Busza, W, Calcaterra, A, Caldwell, D O, Calloway, D H, Camanzi, B, Carpinelli, M, Cassell, R, Castaldi, R, Castro, A, Cavalli-Sforza, M, Church, E, Cohn, H O, Coller, J A, Cook, V, Cotton, R, Cowan, R F, Coyne, D G, de Oliveira, A, Damerell, C J S, Dasu, S, De Sangro, R, De Simone, P, Dell'Orso, R, Dima, M, Du, P Y C, Dubois, R, Eisenstein, B I, Elia, R, Falciai, D, Fan, C, Fero, M J, Frey, R, Furuno, K, Gillman, T, Gladding, G E, González, S, Hallewell, G D, Hart, E L, Hasegawa, Y, Hedges, S J, Hertzbach, S S, Hildreth, M D, Huber, J, Huffer, M E, Hughes, E W, Hwang, H, Iwasaki, Y, Jacques, P, Jaros, J A, Johnson, A S, Johnson, J R, Johnson, R A, Junk, T R, Kajikawa, R, Kalelkar, M S, Karliner, I, Kawahara, H, Kendall, H W, King, M E, King, R, Kofler, R R, Krishna, N M, Kroeger, R S, Labs, J F, Langston, M, Lath, A, Lauber, J A, Leith, D W G S, Liu, X, Loreti, M, Lu, A, Lynch, H L, Ma, J, Mancinelli, G, Manly, S L, Mantovani, G C, Markiewicz, T W, Maruyama, T, Massetti, R, Masuda, H, Mazzucato, E, McKemey, A K, Meadows, B T, Messner, R, Mockett, P M, Moffeit, K C, Mours, B, Müller, G, Müller, D, Nagamine, T, Nauenberg, U, Neal, H A, Nussbaum, M, Ohnishi, Y, Osborne, L S, Panvini, R S, Park, H, Pavel, T J, Peruzzi, I, Pescara, L, Piccolo, M, Piemontese, L, Pieroni, E, Pitts, K T, Plano, R J, Prepost, R, Prescott, C Y, Punkar, G D, Quigley, J, Ratcliff, B N, Reeves, T W, Rensing, P E, Rochester, L S, Rothberg, J E, Rowson, P C, Russell, J J, Saxton, O H, Schalk, T L, Schindler, R H, Schneekloth, U, Schumm, B A, Shapiro, S L, Sherden, D J, Sinev, N B, Simopoulos, C, Smith, S R, Snyder, J A, Sokoloff, M D, Stamer, P E, Steiner, H, Steiner, R, Strauss, M G, Su, D, Suekane, F, Sugiyama, A, Suzuki, S, Swartz, M, Szumilo, A, Takahashi, T, Taylor, F E, Tolstykh, A Yu, Torrence, E, Turk, J, Usher, T, Vavra, J, Vannini, C, Vella, E N, Venuti, J P, Verdini, P G, Wagner, S R, Waite, A P, Watts, S J, Weidemann, A W, Whitaker, J S, White, S L, Wickens, F J, Williams, D A, Williams, D C, Williams, S H, Willocq, S, Wilson, R J, Wisniewski, W J, Woods, M, Word, G B, Wyss, J, Yamamoto, R K, Yamartino, J M, Yellin, S J, Young, C C, Yuta, H, Zapalac, G H, Zdarko, R W, Zeitlin, C, Zhou, J
Publicado 1994