“…Over the past century, the focus of pneumonia etiology research has shifted from studies of lung aspirates and postmortem specimens intent on identifying pneumococcal disease to studies of multiple specimen types distant from the lung that are tested for multiple pathogens. …”
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“…Addressing these questions is particularly important for Streptococcus pneumoniae, a nasopharyngeal commensal and respiratory pathogen, as the changes in population structure associated with the recent introduction of partial-coverage vaccines have significantly reduced pneumococcal disease. Here we show pneumococcal lineages from multiple populations each have a distinct combination of intermediate frequency genes. …”
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“…Following the introduction of 7-valent pneumococcal vaccine (PCV7), while overall rates of invasive pneumococcal disease and pneumococcal pneumonia in children declined, rates of empyema increased. …”
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“…Streptococcus pneumoniae colonization is a precursor to pneumococcal disease. Although children with a tracheostomy have an increased risk of pneumococcal pneumonia, the pneumococci colonizing their lower airways remain largely uncharacterized. …”
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“…To clarify year-to-year changes in capsular serotypes, resistance genotypes, and multilocus sequence types of Streptococcus pneumoniae, we compared isolates collected from patients with invasive pneumococcal disease before and after introductions of 7- and 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCV7 and PVC13, respectively). …”
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“…Besides, their low-cost and stable construction facilitates the combination of several antigenic regions or peptides that may impair different stages of pneumococcal disease offering even wider serotype coverage and more efficient protection. …”
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“…Despite the use of the PCV13, which is essential in the fight against pneumococcal disease, the emergence of new non-vaccine serotypes always results in meningitis in children, causing serious sequelae. …”
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“…Overall, 84,473 laboratory-confirmed invasive pneumococcal disease cases, including 4,160 (4.9%) cases with meningitis, occurred. …”
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“…This study provides striking evidence that CD22 is crucial for protection during invasive pneumococcal disease.…”
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“…BACKGROUND: High pneumococcal carriage density is a risk factor for invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) and transmission, but factors that increase pneumococcal carriage density are still unclear. …”
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“…From our analyses, serotypes 12F, 8, 16F, 33F, 9N, 7B, 10A, 22F, 24F, and 17F were estimated to have gained the most cases of invasive pneumococcal disease through serotype replacement in the Jewish population. …”
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“…Therefore, immunization of older adults against targeted infectious diseases, including pertussis, shingles, influenza, and pneumococcal disease, can help to reduce morbidity and premature mortality. …”
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“…Immunocompromising conditions increase the risk of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD). Vaccine uptake in patients with these conditions may be low in part because of concerns about decreased immunogenicity and safety in these high-risk groups. …”
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“…Our prospective population-based multifaceted surveillance included isolates from carriage in healthy children, children requiring chest radiography for lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs), and children with non-LRTI illness, as well as isolates from acute conjunctivitis, otitis media (OM), and invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD). After PCV13 implementation, VT20–13 increased disproportionally in OM, IPD, and carriage in LRTI. …”
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“…Intense inflammation and cytotoxicity is a hallmark of invasive pneumococcal disease. Pneumococcal NanA has been shown to exaggerate the production of inflammatory cytokines via unmasking of inhibitory Siglec-5 from its sialyl cis-ligands. …”
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“…Anthelmintic treatment may be a cost-effective method of reducing pneumococcal disease burden in lower-income countries.…”
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“…The study is unique in a large number of nations examined, the range of vaccine controls, in testing effects of combinations of vaccinations, and in examining the relationship of COVID-19 and vaccination rates to invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD). Analysis of Italian regions and the states of the United States were also performed. …”
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“…To assess the cumulative 20-year effect of PCVs on invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) incidence among children <5 years of age, we analyzed Active Bacterial Core Surveillance data, conducted a literature review, and modeled expected and observed disease. …”
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“…Streptococcus pneumoniae-associated hemolytic uremic syndrome (Sp-HUS) is a serious complication of invasive pneumococcal disease that is associated with increased mortality in the acute phase and morbidity in the long term. …”
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“…We identified episodes of non-invasive PnPn in 2015 to 2016 and predicted its incidence from 2015 to 2019 based on the trend found in notified invasive pneumococcal disease cases. Overall, we identified 45–46 hospital episodes per 100 000 population of non-invasive PnPn in 2015 and 2016, each episode taking 6–8 days, and with increasing incidence with higher age. …”
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