“…However, we found that documentation of interventions was low, ranging from 40.3% (cholesterol measurement) to 0.9% (pneumococcal vaccination) within 1 year, and from 67.4% to 1.8% within the prior 3 years. …”
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“…We carried out case studies based on a review of international drug price developments for antiretrovirals, artemisinin combination therapies, drug-resistant tuberculosis medicines, liposomal amphotericin B (for visceral leishmaniasis), and pneumococcal vaccines. DISCUSSION: We found several critical shortcomings to tiered pricing: it is inferior to competition for achieving the lowest sustainable prices; it often involves arbitrary divisions between markets and/or countries, which can lead to very high prices for middle-income markets; and it leaves a disproportionate amount of decision-making power in the hands of sellers vis-à-vis consumers. …”
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“…With high antibiotic resistance, introducing pneumococcal vaccines to the routine immunization program should be considered in China. …”
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“…BACKGROUND: Introduction of pneumococcal vaccines in Nigeria is a priority as part of the Accelerated Vaccine Introduction Initiative (AVI) of the Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunisation (GAVI). …”
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“…This study evaluated the impact of age and pneumococcal vaccination on the density of pneumococcal nasopharyngeal carriage. …”
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“…Conclusion Under base case assumptions it is unlikely that a pneumococcal vaccination programme aimed at risk groups could be considered cost effective. …”
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“…BACKGROUND: Pneumococcal vaccination has become obligatory due to the enormous burden of pneumococcal diseases. …”
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“…CONCLUSION: Our information leads to an important source to screen the future impact of pneumococcal vaccination on bacterial colonization.…”
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“…Cross-reactivity of pneumococcal capsular polysaccharides is a key element for formulating pneumococcal vaccines and evaluating vaccine efficacy. This study examined whether 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPSV23), which only contains 6B, can elicit cross-functional immune responses against recently discovered serotypes (6C and 6D), as well as against 6A, in 2 adult age groups. …”
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“…Half-lives were estimated from antibody concentrations in infants who did not receive meningococcal or pneumococcal vaccines. RESULTS: The seroprevalence of maternal pneumococcal antibodies was highest for serotypes 14, and 19F (92% and 80% respectively) and lowest for serotypes 4 and 1 (30% and 34% respectively). …”
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“…Methods: Two previously published models delivering outputs in QALYs, were adapted to estimate DALYs: a Markov model for human papilloma virus (HPV) vaccination, and a pneumococcal vaccination deterministic model (PNEUMO). Argentina, Chile, and the United Kingdom studies were used, where local EQ-5D social value weights were available to provide local QALY weights. …”
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“…HIV-infected infants have lower vaccine-induced antibody concentrations following tetanus, diphtheria, pertussis, hepatitis B, and pneumococcal vaccination, although the clinical relevance of this difference is not known. …”
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“…CONCLUSION: High rate of antibiotic prescription, low use of opioid analgesics and non-prescription of prophylactic penicillin/pneumococcal vaccination were the main findings in this study. …”
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“…However, data on the effectiveness in this region remain scarce, meriting continued surveillance to assess the effectiveness of pneumococcal vaccination to improve protection against invasive pneumococcal disease.…”
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“…Serotype coverage of the various pneumococcal vaccines were PCV10 (23.1%), PCV13 (42.3%) and PPV23 (50%). …”
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“…Available pre‐clinical and clinical data highlight the rationale for the use and effectiveness of immunity‐targeted approaches, including targeted immunisations (flu and pneumococcal vaccines) and non‐specific immunomodulation (bacterial lysates), in the prevention and management of recurrent croup, tonsillitis, otitis media, recurrent acute rhinosinusitis and chronic rhinosinusitis. …”
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“…Most pneumococci express a polysaccharide capsule, a key virulence factor and target for pneumococcal vaccines. However, pneumococci showing no serological evidence of capsule expression [nontypeable pneumococci (NTPn)] are more frequently isolated from carriage studies than in invasive disease. …”
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“…The coverage of pneumococcal vaccination 23V was better in non-smokers (75.3%), p < 0.001. …”
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“…IMPORTANCE Numerous reports on the dynamics of antipneumococcal immunity in relation to immunization with pneumococcal vaccines and on the prevalence of naturally acquired immunity in various populations have been published. …”
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“…OBJECTIVE: Annual influenza and pneumococcal vaccination rates remain suboptimal in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus despite their higher risk of infections and related complications. …”
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