“…A joint probability formalism for quantum games with noise is proposed, inspired by the formalism of non-factorizable probabilities that connects the joint probabilities to quantum games with noise. …”
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“…We discuss qubit-state superpositions in the probability representation of quantum mechanics. We study probability distributions describing separable qubit states. …”
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“…More comprehensive information is obtained by computing shape probabilities, accumulating the Boltzmann probabilities of all structures within each abstract shape. …”
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“…In Experiment 1, targets were more probable in an off-center hotspot of high-probability that gradually declined to a background rate. …”
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“…Few clinicians grasp the true concept of probability expressed in the ‘P value.’ For most, a statistically significant P value is the end of the search for truth. …”
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“…Within the evolutionary biology framework, this article investigates the feasibility for rigorously estimating the probability of a set of orthologous DNA sequences which evolve from a common progenitor. …”
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“…In autumn 2002, an outbreak of probable psittacosis occurred among residents of the Blue Mountains district, Australia. …”
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“…Considering the therapeutic aspects of thyrotoxicosis, 980 cases were studied, where probable role of stress in the etiopathogenesis has been explored. …”
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“…This paper examines three situations where judgments related to causal inference problems produce unexpected results and describes a quantum inference model based on the axiomatic principles of quantum probability theory that can explain these effects. Two of the three phenomena arise from the comparison of predictive judgments (i.e., the conditional probability of an effect given a cause) with diagnostic judgments (i.e., the conditional probability of a cause given an effect). …”
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“…SUMMARY: Two approaches commonly used to deal with missing data are multiple imputation (MI) and inverse-probability weighting (IPW). IPW is also used to adjust for unequal sampling fractions. …”
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“…We describe a case which initially presented as persistent and untreatable probable migraine, which was subsequently diagnosed as neurosyphilis during the clinical evaluation. …”
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“…The estimates are surprisingly high, with mean probabilities of 0.32 for genetic mapping studies and 0.55 for candidate gene studies. …”
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“…We investigated the effects of probability on visual search. Previous work has shown that people can utilize spatial and sequential probability information to improve target detection. …”
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