“…Due to its big mass, close to the electroweak symmetry breaking energy, the top quark plays a important role in numerous extensions of the Standard Model. …”
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“…A search for new particles that decay into top quark pairs ( $t\bar{t}$) is performed with the ATLAS experiment at the LHC using an integrated luminosity of 14 fb$^{-1}$ of proton-proton collision data collected at center-of-mass energy $\sqrt{s}=8$ TeV. …”
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“…Studies of the production of heavy quarkonium states are very important to improve our understanding of QCD and hadron formation, given that the heavy quark masses allow the application of theoretical tools less sensitive to nonperturbative effects.Thanks to a dedicated dimuon trigger strategy, combined with the record-level energy and luminosity provided by the LHC, the CMS experiment could collect large samples of pp collisions at 7 and 8 TeV, including quarkonium states decaying in the dimuon channel. …”
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“…The wide $p_T$ coverage and rich sample of high multiplicity pPb events allow (1) a precise examination of the mass ordering effect of $v_n$ at low $p_T$ as predicted by hydrodynamics for a collectively expanding medium; (2) exploration of possible constituent quark number scaling of $v_2$ and $v_3$ between mesons and baryons as was observed in high-energy nucleus-nucleus collisions.…”
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“…In addition to testing the Standard Model, the accurate measurements at LEP1 enabled predictions to be made for new physics, such as the masses of the top quark and the Higgs boson, and provided a hint for possible physics beyond the Standard Model, such as grand unification. …”
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“…The precision measurements of inclusive W and Z production as well as the production of W bosons in association with a charm quark provide new constraints on the strange density in the proton. …”
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“…A thorough account is given of quark flavour and neutrino oscillations based on published experimental results, including some from running experiments. …”
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“…The second one is a simplified supersymmetric model describing the first and second generation squark pair production with their subsequent decay into a quark and a neutralino. The photon is emitted as initial or final state radiation and the spectrum is compressed, i.e. the mass difference between the squark and the neutralino is assumed to be small. …”
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“…So finden sich im vorliegenden Band zum einen Berichte über die Großforschung selbst: von der Entdeckung des Higgs-Teilchens über die Erforschung des Quark-Gluon-Plasmas und die Bedeutung von Theorien der Neuen Physik, wie der Supersymmetrie, bis hin zur Gefahr durch Schwarze Mikrolöcher. …”
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“…This ridge correlation phenomenon was not seen in pp collisions before but reminiscent of similar effect first seen in high-energy nucleus-nucleus collisions, which is attributed to collective flow of a strongly interacting, expanding quark-gluon medium. Later on, similar ridge correlations were also observed in high-multiplicity pPb collisions and studied in great detail by all LHC experiments. …”
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“…Topics that have been investigated so far, for the HL-LHC, include Vector Boson Scattering as well as topics in $b$- and top-quark physics. Here, projections for performance at the HL-LHC will be discussed for both ATLAS and CMS…”
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“…This search highly relies on the identification of jets originating in b-quark fragmentation, so-called b-tagging. In order to improve the H → bb search and other physics analyses using b-tagging in ATLAS, the development of high performance b-tagging algorithms has been performed and is presented also in this thesis. …”
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“…The aim of the A Large Ion Collider Experiment (ALICE) experiment at CERN is to study the properties of the Quark–Gluon Plasma (QGP). With energies up to 5.5 A T eV for Pb+Pb collisions, the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) sets a new benchmark for heavy- ion collisions, and opens the door to a so far unexplored energy domain. …”
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“…--HTML--><p>In 1986, the modification of quarkonium production was first proposed as a signature of the formation of a Quark Gluon Plasma.&nbsp;While the central role of quarkonium in the understanding of the QGP is indisputable, the direct link between the expected sequential suppression,&nbsp;in a very hot medium, and the experimental observations is not yet completely settled.…”
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“…The top quark has the largest Yukawa coupling in the Standard Model, is the main contribution to the Higgs mass $m_H$ corrections and defines the evolution of the Higgs effective potential with the energy, together with $m_H$. …”
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“…Upgrade II potentially will have the highest sensitivity of all the LHC experiments on the Higgs to charm-quark couplings. Generically, the new physics mass scale probed, for fixed couplings, will almost double compared with the pre-HL-LHC era; this extended reach for flavour physics is similar to that which would be achieved by the HE-LHC proposal for the energy frontier.…”
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“…This should improve the understanding of initial conditions of nuclear collisions, hydrodynamical behavior of quark-gluon plasma and parton energy loss. New ATLAS measurements of differential and global Fourier harmonics of charged particles ($v_n$) in 5.02 TeV Pb+Pb and 5.44 TeV Xe+Xe collisions in a wide range of transverse momenta, pseudorapidity ($|\eta|<2.5$) and collision centrality are presented. …”
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“…The construction of the first CLIC energy stage could start as early as 2026 and first beams would be available by 2035, marking the beginning of a physics programme spanning 25-30 years and providing excellent sensitivity to Beyond Standard Model physics, through direct searches and via a broad set of precision Standard Model physics measurements, particularly in the Higgs and top-quark sectors.…”
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“…In the FTF model, we have improved the fragmentation of quark-gluon strings with small masses and introduced dependencies of probabilities of strange mesons and baryon-antibaryon pair's creation on string masses. …”
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