“…BACKGROUND: It was recently shown that the treatment effect of an antibody can be described by a consolidated parameter which includes the reaction rates of the receptor-toxin-antibody kinetics and the relative concentration of reacting species. …”
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“…Summary: (13)C-based metabolic flux analysis ((13)C-MFA) is the state-of-the-art method to quantitatively determine in vivo metabolic reaction rates in microorganisms. 13CFLUX2 contains all tools for composing flexible computational (13)C-MFA workflows to design and evaluate carbon labeling experiments. …”
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“…This method allows the calculation of the relative reaction rates for the different temperatures of isothermal heating. …”
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“…Large and comprehensive networks, like integrated networks that represent metabolism and macromolecular synthesis, are inherently multiscale because reaction rates can vary over many orders of magnitude. …”
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“…Our studies reveal that under standard buffer conditions, the initial reaction rates of the agarose-encapsulated enzymes are lower than that of the solution phase enzymes. …”
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“…The density functional theory (DFT) calculations confirmed that the intensified polarized electric fields played a critical role in stretching the C = O bond of the reactants of benzaldehyde to enlarge their molecular polarities, thus allowing reactants to be activated more efficiently by catalytic centers so as to boost the reaction rates. This discovery should evoke intensive research interest on plasmonic metals and diverse zeolites with an aim to take advantage of sunlight for plasmonic devices, molecular electronics, energy storage, and catalysis.…”
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“…Enzymes are capable of directing complex stereospecific transformations and of accelerating reaction rates many orders of magnitude. As even the simplest known enzymes comprise thousands of atoms, the question arises as to how such exquisite catalysts evolved. …”
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“…From a 48 parameter mechanistic model, the system can be effectively described by a single adaptation parameter τ characterizing the ratio of time scales for the initial response and recovery time of the system which can in turn be expressed as a combination of microscopic reaction rates, Michaelis-Menten constants, and biochemical concentrations. …”
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“…Although many different methods are available, there is currently no single method able to quantitatively capture and describe all types of protein reactions, which can span orders of magnitudes in affinities, reaction rates, and lifetimes of states. As the more versatile technique, solution NMR spectroscopy offers a remarkable catalogue of methods that can be successfully applied to the quantitative as well as qualitative descriptions of protein interactions. …”
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“…We believe that carrying out reactions in microdroplets (about 1–15 μm in diameter corresponding to 0·5 pl – 2 nl) is a general method for increasing reaction rates. The mechanism is not presently established but droplet evaporation and droplet confinement of reagents appear to be two important factors among others. …”
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“…It was found that the bath temperature used in the reaction can influence the reaction rates, i.e., the times needed for the shape transformation process were 5, 11.5, 25, 45, 72, and 100 h at 60, 40, 20, 10, 5, and 0 °C, respectively. …”
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“…Briefly, results indicate that O─H and C─H bond scissions determine the reaction rates of ‘guaiacol to catechol’ and ‘catechol to 3-methylcatechol’ reactions with activation energies of 30.32 and 41.3 kcal mol(−1), respectively. …”
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“…The gaseous products mainly constitute of CO, H(2)O, CO(2), CH(4), and CH(3)COOH, and more gaseous products were produced at 361 °C than at 308 °C. The reaction rates for specimens pretreated in aqueous soda solution proceeded faster than specimens pretreated in aqueous acetic acid solution and distilled water. …”
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“…The results showed that calcium could greatly decrease the gasification reaction temperature of SL, and the gasification reaction rates of acid-treated SL catalysed by calcium were significantly higher than that catalysed by potassium. …”
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“…After electrical conductivity relaxation method, La(2)NiO(4) with high surface oxygen diffusion coefficients working under Cr atmosphere improved the oxygen reduction kinetics and increased cathode O(2) reduction reaction rates. No chromium deposition was observed on the La(2)NiO(4) cathode surface after polarization for 20 h at 800°C. …”
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“…The results demonstrate that directional processing is an intrinsic property of RNase P and show how RNA sequence and structure context can modulate reaction rates in order to direct precursors along specific pathways.…”
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“…From both the experimental measurements and the theoretical simulation results it was proved that the presence of the TIS catalyst resulted in higher transesterification kinetic rate constants and higher reaction rates. The activation energies were not much affected by the presence of different catalysts. …”
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“…The revised model is able to predict experimental reaction rates across solvent systems with different organic solvents. …”
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“…Moreover, reducibility, O(α) species, and acidity were correlated against areal activity, but only the latter exhibited a near-linear correlation, indicating its dominance in controlling surface reaction rates.…”
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“…Moreover, the RPCs can be used to detect different kinds of thiol-containing biomolecules by a simple color variation due to different reaction rates between disulfide bonds and different thiol-containing biomolecules. …”
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