“…Thus, distinct from gene expression in the examined signaling pathway fluctuations of the reaction rates has only a minor impact whereas variability in the concentration of the various signaling components even in a clonal cell population is a key determinant for the kinetic behavior.…”
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“…The optimal pH for oxidation reactions is substrate dependent: for phenolic substrates the highest activities were detected at alkaline conditions (pH 9.0 for 2,6-dimethoxy phenol and guaiacol and pH 8.0 for syringaldazine), while the highest reaction rates with ABTS were observed at pH 4.0. Though originating from a mesophilic organism, Ssl demonstrates remarkable stability at elevated temperatures (T(1/2,60°C) = 88 min) and in a wide pH range (pH 5.0 to 11.0). …”
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“…We obtained detailed kinetic characteristics–stoichiometry, reaction rates, substrate affinities and equilibrium conditions–of human PPIP5K2 (diphosphoinositol pentakisphosphate kinase 2). …”
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“…The separative bioreactor simultaneously separates the organic acid from the biocatalyst as it is produced, thus it avoids product inhibition enhancing reaction rates. In addition, the separative bioreactor recovers the product in its acid form to avoid neutralization. …”
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“…To focus on intrinsic model uncertainty, we assume full observation of all individual status changes, but unobserved seasonal factor M underscore “t” and unknown reaction rates. Using theory of nonlinear filtering of point processes, we derive analytic expressions for conditional likelihoods of latent factor trajectories. …”
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“…Although the uncertainty in reactive surface area and corresponding reaction rates are large, we have estimated the potential for CO(2) mineral storage and identified factors that control the maximum extent of carbonation. …”
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“…Finally, we compared the reaction rates of reagent added to the cis and trans sides to quantify the residue’s accessibility from either side. …”
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“…However, high-throughput in vivo measurements have special properties that are not taken into account in existing methods for estimating kinetic parameters, including significant relative errors in measurements of metabolite concentrations and reaction rates, and reactions with multiple substrates and products, which are sometimes reversible. …”
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“…During transition from rest to exercise, metabolic reaction rates increase substantially to sustain intracellular ATP use. …”
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“…The decreasing degree of T-cell subsets in the sufentanil group was significantly lower than that in the remifentanil group, and had a short recovery of cellular immunity following surgery. The adverse reactions rate during anesthesia of the remifentanil group was significantly higher than that of the sufentanil group. …”
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“…We study the glycosylation processes that convert initially toxic substrates to nutritionally valuable metabolites in the flavonoid biosynthesis pathway of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) seedlings. To estimate the reaction rates we use ordinary differential equations (ODEs) to model the enzyme kinetics. …”
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“…Chemical reaction network theory (CRNT) is a powerful, generalised framework which assesses the capacity of our model for monostability or multistability, by analysing properties of the underlying network structure without recourse to specific parameter values or functional forms for reaction rates. CRNT highlights the role of β-catenin in stabilising the Notch pathway and damping oscillations, demonstrating that Wnt-mediated actions on the Hes1 promoter can induce dynamic transitions in the Notch system, from multistability to monostability. …”
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“…Since the coupling deaminase TM0936 displays robust activity over a broad pH-range we determined the pH dependence of SDMT reaction rates. TM0936 reactions are monitored at 263 nm, so a drawback may arise when methyl acceptor substrates absorb within this UV-range. …”
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“…The model showed that the browning reaction rates at RH < 60% could be controlled by the low diffusivity of the large organic molecules from the interior region of the particle to the reactive surface region. …”
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“…The application of mechanical force to induce the formation and cleavage of covalent bonds is a rapidly developing field within organic chemistry which has particular value in reducing or eliminating solvent usage, enhancing reaction rates and also in enabling the preparation of products which are otherwise inaccessible under solution-phase conditions. …”
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“…However, the mechanisms underlying the reactions involving TCS proteins and their reaction rates are largely undetermined. Here, we employed a combined experimental and theoretical approach to elucidate the kinetics of autophosphorylation of three histidine kinases (HKs) of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, viz., MtrB, PrrB, and PhoR, all known to play a role in regulating its virulence. …”
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“…Maintaining a proper balance between specific intermolecular interactions and non-specific solvent interactions is of critical importance in molecular simulations, especially when predicting binding affinities or reaction rates in the condensed phase. The most rigorous metric for characterizing solvent affinity are solvation free energies, which correspond to a transfer from the gas phase into solution. …”
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“…These results imply that low-level US frequency through pulses is a practical and efficient approach to support electro-Fenton reaction, improving reaction rates without the need for electrolyte cooling.…”
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“…An altered biochemical organization would affect macromolecular crowding, which could influence reaction rates and diffusion of macromolecules. In cells adapted to osmotic upshift, protein diffusion is indeed faster than expected on the basis of the biopolymer volume fraction. …”
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“…Rehabilitation therapy and nursing intervention are better than routine treatment and nursing for postoperative recovery of HICH patients, and has a lower adverse reaction rates after surgery, it is worthy of promotion clinically.…”
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